Classification and application of CNC tools (cnc machining)

Classification and application of CNC tools (cnc machining)

1. Tool classification

Cutting tools are often divided into turning tools, hole processing tools, milling tools, broaches, thread cutting tools, gear cutting tools, automatic lines and CNC machine tools and reamers according to the processing methods and specific uses.
Tools can also be classified in other ways,
For example, according to the materials used, they are divided into high speed steel tools, cemented carbide tools, ceramic tools, cubic boron nitride (CBN) tools and diamond tools;
According to the structure, it can be divided into integral tool, insert tool, clamping tool and composite tool;
According to whether it is standardized, it can be divided into standard tools and non-standard tools

2. Introduction of common cutting tools

1 turning tool

Turning tool is the most widely used tool in metal cutting without signature. It can be used to machine outer circle, end plane, thread and inner hole on lathe, as well as to cut groove and cut off. Turning tools can be divided into integral turning tools, welding assembly turning tools and mechanical clamping tools. Turning tools with mechanically clamped blades can be divided into machine tool turning tools and indexable turning tools. The cutting performance of mechanical clamping turning tool is stable, workers do not have to sharpen the tool, so it is applied more and more in modern production.
2-hole machining tool
Generally speaking, there are two kinds of tools for hole machining
One is the tool for machining holes from solid materials, such as twist drill, center drill and deep hole drill;
The other is the tool that reprocesses the existing hole on the workpiece, such as reamer, reamer and boring tool.


3 milling cutter


Milling cutter is a kind of widely used multi edge rotary cutter, which has many kinds. According to the use, there are:
1) For machining plane, such as cylindrical plane milling cutter, end milling cutter, etc;
2) For machining groove, such as end mill, T-shaped cutter and angle mill, etc;
3) For machining formed surface, such as convex semicircle and concave semicircle milling cutter and milling cutter for machining other complex formed surface. The productivity of milling is generally high, and the surface roughness value is large.

4 broach

Broach is a kind of multi tooth tool with high machining accuracy and cutting efficiency. It is widely used in mass production and can process various inner and outer surfaces. Broaches can be divided into internal Broaches and external broaches according to the surface of the workpiece. When machining with broach, in addition to selecting the rake angle and rake angle of the cutter teeth according to the material of the workpiece, and determining the broach size according to the size of the machined surface of the workpiece (such as the diameter of the circular hole), two parameters need to be determined

(1) The angle of tooth rise AF [i.e. the difference between the radius or height of the front and rear cutter teeth (or tooth group)];

(2) Pitch P [the axial distance between two adjacent cutter teeth].

5 thread cutter

Thread can be processed by cutting and rolling.

6 gear cutter

Gear cutter is a kind of cutter used for machining gear tooth profile. According to the working principle of cutting tools, gears are divided into forming gear tools and generating gear tools. The commonly used forming gear cutters include disc gear milling cutter and finger gear cutter. The commonly used generating gear cutters include gear shaper cutter, gear hob cutter and gear shaving cutter. When selecting gear hob and gear shaper cutter, the following points should be paid attention to:

(1) The basic parameters of the cutter (module, tooth profile angle, addendum height coefficient, etc.) should be the same as those of the gear to be machined.

(2) The accuracy grade of the cutting tool should be equal to that of the gear to be machined.

(3) The tool rotation direction should be the same as that of the machined gear as far as possible. When hobbing spur gears, the left-hand gear cutter is generally used.
7 automatic line and NC machine tool
Generally speaking, the cutting part of this kind of cutting tool is not much different from the general cutting tool, but in order to adapt to the characteristics of CNC machine tools and automatic line machining, it puts forward higher requirements for them.
CNC tool has formed three systems: turning tool system, drilling tool system and boring and milling tool system.

 

How does uhf passive rfid tags realize intelligent book management?

UHF RFID tags have the advantages of being able to read multiple tags at a time, have a long identification distance, fast data transmission speed, high reliability and life span, and withstand harsh outdoor environments. It has been widely used in asset management, production line management, supply chain management, warehousing, retail, vehicle management, book/archive management, etc., for library/archive data storage, query, borrowing, return, anti-theft, inventory, warehouse management etc. This article mainly shares how uhf passive rfid tags realize intelligent book management?

1. Record library book information into RFID tags, paste them on each book, and transfer information such as the storage location of the book information to the back-end management database. The service life of RFID tags is longer than that of ordinary barcodes and magnetic stripes.

2. Librarians use RFID handhelds to count books and scan RFID electronic labels, which can quickly and efficiently inquire, count and manage the situation of books, which can greatly reduce the workload of administrators and effectively improve work efficiency.

What are the advantages of uhf passive rfid tags compared with ordinary barcode paper?

1. Barcode is a visual communication technology. That is, the scanner must "see" the barcode to read it, which means that people usually have to align the barcode with the scanner to be effective; and radio frequency identification does not require visual transmission technology, as long as the rfid tag is within the reading range of the reader can

2. The bar code printed with the bar code is torn, defaced or peeled off, and the item cannot be scanned and identified; uhf passive rfid tags have good concealment, not easy to tear or deface, and can be remotely identified

3. The barcode can only identify the manufacturer and the product name, and the identification information is limited; the RFID electronic label can identify unique items

How does uhf passive rfid tags realize intelligent book management? The traditional book management method is not only inefficient, but also prone to errors, which leads to lower reader satisfaction; and the introduction of RFID technology into book management can realize intelligent and automated book management , Not only can improve the quality of service, but also increase the satisfaction of readers with the library. Intelligent, automated, and personalized libraries are also the mainstream development trends in the future.

 

Process characteristics and knowledge of precision machining

Precision mechanical processing is a kind of mechanical processing, which is a processing technology where the workpiece meets the line tolerance required by the drawing. During this process, the workpiece will have certain changes in its performance characteristics and shape structure.

Mechanical parts design, as a discipline of mechanical majors, is one of the most popular majors for science students and one of the strongest engineering majors.At present, this major requires not only good engineering knowledge, but also excellent drawing ability and spatial imagination ability. Moreover, due to the development of domestic industry and the constant change of demand, the demand for personnel in the mechanical processing industry is also increasing, and the employment rate of the mechanical major can reach 95%.

With the development and progress of domestic industry, machining has changed a lot and precision machining technology has come to the fore. Many industries such as household appliances, automobiles, hardware and medical manufacturing use more or less precision parts.It could be just a component or it could be a core component of a mechanical device.In a word, it is very important and plays an irreplaceable role.

These precision parts for precision machining manufacturing has two processes, one is hot processing and one is cold processing, hot processing is through heat treatment and other ways to make the parts in very warm conditions under the biochemical or physical changes to meet the requirements of shape change.And cold machining is at room temperature does not produce chemical and physical changes to meet the requirements of shape change, generally using cutting technology.In the future, on the premise of satisfying processing and environmental protection, precision machining will be combined with science and technology and become an important and sustainable science.

Do you really know what the non-standard parts of precision machining are？

Non-standard parts, I believe, are the most exposed and in demand in the machinery manufacturing industry. Most of the parts in automation equipment, or the jigs used in processing and inspection, are the specifications and parameters of which are freely controlled by enterprises.Therefore, such enterprises will submit the drawings of required parts to the corresponding precision machining manufacturers for processing to meet the shape and position tolerances required by the drawings.

From the words above, we may draw a fuzzy concept, non-standard parts is relative to the standard parts, it will not have standardized as standard parts of structure, size, tag, and drawing, etc., non-standard parts mainly countries do not have set strict standard, regulation, no related parameters controlled by the enterprise according to their own production needs of accessories, therefore, to a certain extent, manufacturing cost is higher than the standard parts.
At present, there is no very standard classification of non-standard parts, which can be divided into metal non-standard parts and non-metal non-standard parts roughly according to the material. Metal parts are the raw materials of metal, such as brass, aluminum, etc. Tolerance requirements and finish degree are regulated by the customer, and the process is complicated. Non-metal parts are the raw materials of plastic, wood and stone, etc