As Americans debate the roles of wealth, race and access in higher education, researchers at Georgetown University wondered: What would the nation's most selective colleges and universities look like if they admitted students solely on the basis of SAT scores?
Their answer: The most prestigious U.S. campuses would be wealthier, whiter and more male¡ªleading researchers to question the role standardized testing plays in a fair, comprehensive admissions process.
More than half the students now enrolled at the top 200 colleges and universities would lose their seats to students who performed better on the test¡ªand the median SAT score would rise by 70 points to 1320, the study found.
The biggest losers in this reshuffling were black and Latino students, whose numbers would be cut nearly in half, to 11% of all students from 19%. The share of Asian students would slip to 10% from 11%. The principal winners were wealthy white male students, whose ranks would increase. But a large number of white students would lose their seats and be replaced with other white students.
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The affluent have extraordinary advantages in college admissions, said Anthony p. Carnevale, director of Georgetown University's Center on Education and the Workforce, which performed the analysis. Until 2005, Mr. Carnevale was a vice president at Educational Testing Service, which is a client of The College Board and administers the SAT.
Many elite colleges consider a range of factors such as grades, extracurricular activities and teacher recommendations in what they call a holistic admissions approach. They also try to build a diverse student body and might look for students from underrepresented ethnic or racial backgrounds or geographical regions.
The holistic admissions process has come under fire following the disclosure this spring of the biggest cheating ring federal prosecutors say they have ever seen. In addition, pending lawsuits filed against Harvard University and the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, among others, charge that the schools racially discriminate against Asian applicants.
The SAT does not and should not measure excellence on its own. Data are overwhelming that grades and test scores together better predict college success than either does alone, a spokesman for The College Board said in a statement. Comprehensive research demonstrates that sustained commitment to an activity in high school outside of class further predicts success in college and beyond. Resourcefulness in response to challenges has long been honored in college admissions as a dimension of merit and success in life. A focus on a single score would leave so much talent unseen.
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The College Board, the New York-based nonprofit that oversees the SAT, is introducing an adversity score to accompany a student's SAT results. The score is an amalgamation of socioeconomic data that measures factors like the crime rate, housing cost, family structure and school resources where an individual student lives and studies.
Researchers at Georgetown sorted admissions at the nation's top schools as determined by Barron's profiles of American Colleges. They took the 300,000 seats from those colleges and universities and filled them with top SAT and ACT scores earned by the 2.7 million high-school seniors who took the test in 2012. Then they compared who got the highest test scores to who got in by the actual admissions system, using Education Department data that didn't include the students' names.
The researchers used a composite score that standardizes both the SAT and ACT scores in terms of the SAT's grading scale. Using that scale, the median SAT score of accepted students climbed to 1320 from 1250. The new bar for admissions meant that 159,000 students lost their seats.
The percentage of male students at the schools climbed to 54% from 50%. The most dramatic increase was among white students, who grew to 75% from 66% of the aggregated student body. The proportion of students coming from families in the top quartile of income distribution¡ªwhere the median income is $122,000¡ªincreased to 63% from 60%.
Imagine if Colleges Utilized Only Check Scores to Fill Campuses?
As people debate the roles of prosperity, race and entry in bigger education, researchers at Georgetown College puzzled: What would the nation's most selective colleges and universities appear like should they admitted pupils entirely about the foundation of SAT scores?
Their response: Essentially the most prestigious U.S. campuses will be wealthier, whiter plus more male?aleading scientists to problem the role standardized tests performs in a truthful, complete admissions system.
Extra than half the scholars now enrolled on the leading 200 faculties and universities would drop their seats to pupils who done much better about the test?aand the median SAT rating would increase by 70 details to 1320, the analyze discovered.
The greatest losers within this reshuffling were being black and Latino learners, whose figures will be slice almost in 50 percent, to 11% of all learners from 19%. The share of Asian learners would slip to 10% from 11%. The principal winners were being rich white male learners, whose ranks would enhance. But numerous white pupils would eliminate their seats and be replaced with other white pupils.
The affluent have remarkable positive aspects in faculty admissions, mentioned Anthony p. Carnevale, director of Georgetown University's Centre on Education and learning and the Workforce, which carried out the assessment. Until 2005, Mr. Carnevale was a vice president at Instructional Screening provider, which can be a consumer of the University Board and administers the SAT.
A lot of elite colleges consider a spread of factors for instance grades, extracurricular pursuits and trainer tips in whatever they phone a holistic admissions approach. In addition they seek to construct a various student overall body and might search for college students from underrepresented ethnic or racial backgrounds or realms.
The holistic admissions approach has occur underneath fireplace next the disclosure this spring of your largest cheating ring federal prosecutors say they have at any time observed. Furthermore, pending lawsuits submitted in opposition to Harvard University as well as College of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, among some others, charge which the faculties racially discriminate versus Asian candidates.
The SAT doesn't and should not measure excellence by itself. Knowledge are mind-boggling that grades and check scores jointly superior forecast university achievement than possibly does by yourself, a spokesman with the Faculty Board stated in the assertion. Comprehensive research demonstrates that sustained motivation to an action in high school beyond class further predicts achievements in college and over and above. Resourcefulness in response to troubles has lengthy been honored in college admissions for a dimension of benefit and good results in everyday life. A spotlight over a solitary score would go away a great deal of expertise unseen.
The college Board, the new York-based nonprofit that oversees the SAT, is introducing an adversity score to accompany a student's SAT final results. The score is an amalgamation of socioeconomic data that measures things similar to the crime level, housing cost, loved ones framework and college methods in which an individual pupil life and studies.
Researchers at Georgetown sorted admissions at the nation's top educational institutions as determined by Barron's profiles of yankee Faculties. They took the 300,000 seats from those people faculties and universities and crammed them with best SAT and ACT scores gained by the 2.seven million high-school seniors who took the test in 2012. Then they in comparison who acquired the very best check scores to who received in through the genuine admissions program, using Education Department facts that didn't include things like the students' names.
The researchers employed a composite rating that standardizes both of those the SAT and ACT scores concerning the SAT's grading scale. Applying that scale, the median SAT score of acknowledged learners climbed to 1320 from 1250. The new bar for admissions meant that 159,000 learners shed their seats.
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The proportion of male college students with the educational institutions climbed to 54% from 50%. One of the most remarkable improve was amongst white learners, who grew to 75% from 66% of your aggregated college student system. The proportion of scholars coming from family members inside the top quartile of income distribution?awhere the median cash flow is $122,000?aincreased to 63% from 60%.
When applied as component of a holistic method, standardized testing delivers a look at on opaque admissions, but it's still no guarantee of fairness, Mr. Carnevale stated. It's time and energy to locate a improved approach.When used as part of a holistic strategy, standardized testing offers a check on opaque admissions, but it's still no guarantee of fairness, Mr. Carnevale said. It's time to find a better approach.
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