The establishment of a cosmopolitan civilization was also seen in the Roman Empire, but it declined along the way. The next establishment would be the emergence of Islam, the Islamic civilization (9th century) established after passing through the orthodox caliphate, the Umayyads, and the Abbasid dynasty. The Indian civilization (5th century), which was founded by Hinduism, may also be applicable, but although the productivity of the Indian civilization was large, commerce declined, probably because of the reduction in world trade. The situation in this area was similar to that in medieval Europe, but it was probably a decline due to the destruction of cities and commercial infrastructure due to the invasion of foreigners while the despotic power was weak. Just as Islamic civilization established its cosmopolitan civilization through the rise of the Mamluks, the Sultanate system, and the Iktar system, Indian civilization may have tried to incorporate the Rajputs, but the Rajputs are fragmented and It may be said that a cosmopolitan type of civilization was established in India by adopting an Islamic civilization after the Delhi Sultanat .
Similarly, in medieval Europe, tyrannical power was weak, so invasions of different peoples were repeated. However, the development of civilization differed from that of Indian civilization because, for a long time, the Byzantine Empire had become a powerful wall that prevented the invasion of Islamic civilization, and Roman Catholicism was in opposition to Greek Orthodox Christianity, which led to the organization of the church. Probably because I made progress. Western Europe grew as a cosmopolitan civilization that valued Catholic doctrine. In Western Europe, Latin became the academic language, and the development of church architecture was very similar to the development of Hindu temples, where Sanskrit became the lingua franca of Indian civilization. .
During the Middle Ages in Western Europe, which was the germ of future civilization, the Byzantine Empire protected it from Islamic civilization for a long time. In the case of Indian civilization, Rajput (an invader from the perspective of Indian civilization), and the collapse of the Pritihara dynasty, which was part of it, caused the invasion of Islamic civilization (Kazni dynasty). Moreover, within Indian civilization, Hinduism was not as centralized and organized as it was in Western Europe. However, due to the strong hierarchical structure, it was not unified and was ruled by the conquering dynasty of Islamic civilization for a long time.
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