Chapter 2 Value
１ what is value
In my previous two papers, ``Study on Civilization'' and ``Study on Quasi-Civilization,'' I have been thinking about the theme of civilization.
It focused on the `` life '' of civilization and quasi-civilization. I first tried to classify them based on their characteristics , and then looked at their life phenomena . However, simply looking at life phenomena in the past does not cover the conditions that constrain the present era . Classification and elucidation of life phenomena are extracted from past historical records. It is probably difficult to discover "value" in the present with just this , and it is also difficult to foresee the future .
The greatest benefit to be gained from knowing past records and history is to discover `` stable relationships among civilizations '' through classification and elucidation of life phenomena . However, it is difficult to discover where this civilization will head in the future just by discussing the various civilizations that have existed to date . What is attracting attention here is the concept of ``value,'' which can serve as an element and force that will define the future .
2 Value and time
In "Study of Civilization "“ Value is a function of time *”was defined as . This definition is too concise and can be confusing . This is mentioned in the section ``Civilization and Time'' in ``Study on Civilization .'' that explanation of what forms value was inspired by Toynbee's theory .
Values change , and first of all, ``challenges'' are presented depending on the conditions of each era . Some kind of value is formed because of this . In order to realize this value, a ``fight back'' will be held . In other words, value is a force that is given life and shaped by the challenges of the times. Each of these values influences ``technological efficiency'' and ``social structural strength . ''
In addition, in response to these forces , forces that repel are generated, and as they are synthesized, they form ``reaction forces'' and ``maintenance forces,'' and achieve self -actualization .
*Value is a function of time
Let's define "value" as something that constitutes the reason for its existence, both soft and hard. This definition has nothing to do with the reason for human existence. First of all, it is better to think only about the software and hardware that surrounds human society. It is clear that the meaning of the existence of these software and hardware often changes over time, but on the other hand, it is also possible to consider situations in which they remain unchanged and maintain their original form, although they are washed away by the waves of change. . The proposition that value is a function of time may be thought of as another form of expression of the ``modernization theory.'' Modernization theory is the establishment of capitalism in the economy in Europe. Establishment of a democratic government in politics. Establishment of bureaucracy in public administration . The transition from Gemeinschaft to Geselfschaft in society. It is a shift towards rationalism in culture . This is typified by the ideas of Max Weber.
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