北美作业代写：Chinese and western way of thinking

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Chinese and western way of thinking，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了中西方思维方式。长期生活在不同区域的人，具有不同的文化特征，因而也形成不同的思维方式。从地理和文化的角度看，全世界主要可以分为东方和西方两大区域，这也就形成了不同的思维方式，两种思维方式各有所长。西方的线性思维模式长于分析推理，推崇清晰精确，有利于理论建构；中国的环形思维强于综合顿悟，讲求模糊含蓄，有助于体察真谛。

The difference in thinking mode is essentially the manifestation of cultural difference. People who live in different regions for a long time have different ways of thinking due to different cultural characteristics. From the geographical and cultural point of view, the world can be divided into two different parts of the east and west, the east represented by China and the west in ancient Greece, Rome, represented by modern represented by Western Europe and North America. This also forms two types of thinking. Due to the different geography humanities environment, production life style, communicative manners, historical background, political and economic system, customs, religious beliefs, language, and different outlook on life, values and other factors, the east and the west to form the different characteristics, such as the children of the east lay particular stress on humanities, pay attention to ethics, moral, westerners lay particular stress on natural, pay attention to science and technology; The orientals have a sense of understanding, intuition and image, and westerners are rational, logical and empirical. The Oriental is quiet, introverted and conservative. Westerners are active, outgoing and open. Easterners seek harmony, stability, harmony, western differences, change, competition, and so on.

Broadly speaking, the mode of thinking refers to the production mode of social spiritual production. Said from the narrow sense, way of thinking is a nation or a region of the people in the long-term historical development, formed in the process of the subject in reflecting object of thinking in the process, the standard form of thinking, thinking method and thinking process of integrated and unified.

The human mind is mainly composed of eight elements: knowledge, idea, method, intelligence, emotion, will, language and habit. These elements are interrelated and interact with each other to form a dynamic and complex system of thought patterns.

In a sense, the mode of thinking is the embodiment of various cultural psychological qualities, which is formed in a certain historical, social and geographical environment. Embodying the cultural characteristics of a nation is the core of a national culture. A person's fixed mode of thinking affects his/her judgment and behavior on a certain occasion. It is a kind of thinking habit of people processing information and perceiving things around them. It is a relatively fixed metacognitive mode formed by a nation in the long history.

This difference is mainly reflected in dialectical and logical thinking. Chinese people pay attention to dialectical thinking while the us and Europe pay attention to logic or analytical thinking.

Robert Kaplan puts forward the influence of cultural thinking on discourse pattern, thinking that western thinking is linear, while Oriental thinking is spiral.

The model of western thinking is like a straight line cut, with clear segmentation and abstract reasoning, which is characterized by analysis, abstraction and logic, and focuses on concept, judgment and reasoning. The thinking pattern of China is like the inner seal of the circle, the comprehensive view of the village, the search for intuitive insight, with the main characteristics of wholeness, iconicity and intuitiveness, paying attention to intuition, Epiphany and imagination.

Holistic thinking tends to view situations or scenarios as a whole, focusing on the relationship between a particular object and a scene, and using this relationship to explain and foresee things. The Chinese tend to think in general, and they tend to observe the whole picture, and rely on the information obtained in the context to make decisions and judgments about the things they observe.

Analytical thinking tends to separate objects from the context, focusing more on the object itself, categorizing, explaining and anticipating things according to the nature of things. For example, when presenting the same lifelike underwater scene, easterners recall more background features than westerners, and more about relationships. The west places more emphasis on goals, such as individual fish and less environmental features.

This way of thinking is different in every aspect of life. Western encyclopedias, for example, are divided into distinct categories. For the article, the title, chapter, section, section of the west, the paragraph usually has the topic sentence, the context is clear, at a glance. Usually begins with a topic sentence, followed by an example and an explanation of the central idea, which is associated with the other ideas of the full text, to demonstrate an explanation or to make a point.

The ancient Chinese books are the imperial examination of the ring, such as the Ming dynasty's yongle da dian, the qing dynasty's book integration. The article is an indirect approach to the topic: introduction, explanation, transition, summary, and the fore-and-aft echo, just as an expanding ring is revolving around the theme.

Western food cooks cook, various ingredients are strictly measured, and the operating procedures are analyzed step by step. While Chinese food seems to care about the strict measurement of ingredients, the emphasis is on the overall effect of color, aroma and taste.

Western painting pays attention to the exact shape, through the lines, colors and other details of deliberate simulation. And the Chinese painting pursues the spirit, using the general, exaggeration technique and the association to express the charm of the image.

Pay attention to the practical experience of Chinese traditional thinking, most directly by consciousness in general fuzzy grasp recognize the inherent nature and law of objects, namely "is based on experience, through send category links and significance of the culvert perturbation, communication and people, people and things, people and society to achieve synergies". Intuition comes from experience, practice, and "sixth sense", a wise exposition of experience. This intuitive thinking is non-linear and is the primary method of perceiveing the world in ancient China, which originated from Epiphany and inspiration, like the sudden fireworks in the fog. Chinese people's understanding of things is more focused on the summary of experience and the description of phenomena, rather than the deep thinking of perceptual knowledge and the philosophical speculation about the essence of things behind the phenomenon. For example, traditional Chinese medicine theory, looking at, smelling, asking, cutting four diagnostic methods, using perceptual intuition and experience judgment to diagnose. Reuse the reasoning of "patterns" and "analogies". Generally from a basic model, through a series of image composition and the contradiction movement of intuitive judgment, expand and deepen gradually, until know, gradually achieve the essential meaning, and life maintain contact, perceptual, wise and farsighted, inductive, to analyse the abstract thought development.

Logical thinking produced in logical reasoning and either/or cultural point of view, is the deep reason behind the phenomenon of exploration and mining: after it pays attention to prove that the basic reason of everything said to know the things. Use logic to strip away the meaning of speech, leaving only the complete structure to see if an argument is valid. If the three stage method, the big premise -- the small premise -- conclusion, pay attention to the demonstration, reason, think. As Plato said, can grasp the meaning through logic, to know the world, without the aid of feeling, if feeling and the principle and the logical conclusions, you don't have to consider feeling.

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