英国论文代写范文-Project of Tuition and Enrollments

本篇英国论文代写范文-Project of Tuition and Enrollments简要说明了高等教育的结构，主要集中在公共部门-纽约州，1999年，据报道，纳入四年制学校的920万学生中有65％将参加公共机构和康奈尔大学的Ronald G. Ehrenberg（2003）。本篇英国论文代写由51due代写平台整理，供大家参考阅读。

A Short Quantitative Project of Tuition and Enrollments at a Public Flagship University
1.A Brief description of the structure of higher education with a focus mostly on the public sector - in the state of New York
In 1999, 65% among the 9.2 million students enrolled in four-year institutions were
reported to be enrolled in public institutions according to the study by Michael J. Rizzo
and Ronald G. Ehrenberg from Cornell University (2003). And in 2014, the enrolment of SUNY is 454,839, which is a fall compared to the previous year as the enrollment of SUNY has once reached 471,184 students in the 2009-10 year---- a peak of its enrolment, according to an Albany Bureau Chief called Joseph Spector (lohud.com, 2015). According to the data updated in July 2016 from Fast Facts – SUNY, the total enrollment of state universities of New York is 442,940, among which the undergraduate enrollment is 402,722; graduate enrollment is 40,218. And the state operated enrollment is 219,942; community college enrollment is 222,998 and technology college enrolment is 26,180.
Among all SUNY, most students choose to enroll at SUNY-Albany, a flagship public university. Its enrolment is 17,178 with 12,908 being undergraduates according to the latest data provided on US News Best Colleges in 2017(US News, 2017). And its enrollment of full-time and part time undergraduates and graduates is 17273 in 2014, 17338 in 2013, 17312 in 2012, 17114 in 2011, and 17615 in 2010. In the year from 2005 to 2007, the number is 17040, 1734, and 17684. To sum up, after 2010 and before 2008, the enrollment of SUNY-Albany remains at the level above 17000 and below 18000. And after 2005, its enrollment peaks at the year of 2008 and 2007 being 18020 and 18204 respectively. But by contrast, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, another non flagship and a four-year institution public university has an enrollment of full-time and part time undergraduates and graduates from 2015 to 2005 as follows: 2779, 2738, 2480, 2377, 2508, 2821, 2934, 2891, 2828, 2587, and 2590. It can seen that the number of enrollment remain stable at less than 3000 students. And for Herkimer College, a 2-year public college has an enrollment of full-time and part time over the ten years as 3020, 3259, 3215, 3463, 3679, 3774, 4010, 3524, 3328, 3354 and 3549. More specific, the structure of higher education is unbalanced as SUNY-Albany which is considered as the flagship in this assignment, admits most of students among public universities.
2.A Description of what has been happening to state appropriations, tuition and student aid of SUNY-Albany
There is tendency of rise of tuition, fees, room & meals from 2013 to 2016 and the rise is more rapid for out-of-state undergraduates. According to the remark in 2015 of Joseph Spector---Albany Bureau Chief, over five years since 2010, the tuition of SUNY-Albany has increased 30%, to $6,470 a year for 2015 fall (lohud.com, 2015). According to the data found on the official website of SUNY-Albany (2016), per credit tuition and fee rates for fall 2016 is divided into two parts: per credit tuition and fee rates for students from NYS and out-of-state undergraduate. For 2016-17 annual costs, the tuition is about $6,470.00 for undergraduate students from NYS, and $ 21,550.0 for those out-of-state undergraduates. And total tuition & fees for the former is &9,263.00 and for out-of-state undergraduates, the number is &24,343.00. It can be seen that the tuition and total tuition & fees for out-of-state undergraduates is about as three times as that of NYS undergraduates. And the room and meals is $ 8,042.00 and $4,900.00 respectively, which is same for NYS undergraduates and out-of-state undergraduates. When all this money is added up, it is $22,205.00 for NYS undergraduates and $37,285.00 for out-of-state undergraduate. In 2015, the tuition for undergraduates within state is the same as the last year but that for the foreign undergraduates are much lower, which is $19,590.00. In fall 2014 Semester, the tuition is $6,170.00 for NYS Undergraduate and $17,810.00 for out-of-state undergraduates; total tuition, fees, room & meals for NYS Undergraduate is $ 21,703.00 and that for out of state undergraduate is &33,343.00. In fall 2013 semester costs for NYS undergraduate, the annual costs are $ 5,870.00 in terms of tuition and $20,864.00 when tuition, fees, room & meals are combined. The annual costs for out of state undergraduate are $16,190.00 in terms of tuition and $31,184.00 when tuition, fees, room & meals are combined.
As for state appropriation, it is reported by Michael J. Rizzo and Ronald G. Ehrenberg (2013) that during the 1979 to 2000 period, state appropriation for most of the public flagship
institutions, has experienced a fall from 42% to 31%. And from the 2010-11 academic years, the New York Gov. David Paterson decided to cut $142.8 million from the central SUNY budget and in 2008, the budget was cut by $146 million (ARCHIVES 2010). Also,
3.A Description of what has been happening to student enrollment at SUNY-Albany.
As what have been mentioned in the structure of higher education, the enrolment of SUNY-Albany---a flagship university, in 2017 is 17,178 with 12,908 being undergraduates according to the latest data provided on US News Best Colleges (US News, 2017). Compared to the enrolment number of 17273 in 2014, there is not a big fall. But it is worth mentioning that there has been a tendency of decrease of enrolment number since 2010, with 17338 in 2013, 17312 in 2012, 17114 in 2011, and 17615 in 2010.
As for the composition of students who have been enrolled in SUNY-Albany in terms of areas, and in terms of demographic characteristics like race/ethnicity, income and parental education, it has been a hallmark of diversity of SUNY-Albany. Based on the data from the s official website of SUNY-Albany, there are students of more than 100 nationalities on the campus of SUNY-Albany (albany.edu, 2016). And according to collegefactual.com (2016), SUNY-Albany ranks #347 nationwide in terms of ethnic diversity which is above the national average level. Among the students, 50.7 % are white, namely 6557 students; 16.9% are black; Hispanic or Latino takes account of 13.8%; Asian students are about 8.1%; the race of 3.4% students are unidentified; the rest are students who can be classified into two or three races(collegefactual.com, 2016). And according to collegefactual.com (2016), about 6.1 % students of SUNY-Albany are non resident alien or students coming from other states and more than 90% of the students attending SUNY at Albany come from within the state. in terms of ratio of in-state students and out-of-students. It can be concluded that SUNY-Albany do fairly well in terms of diversity of race/ethnicity but performs worse in terms of geographical issue.
4.A discussion of what happen to student enrollment, and to student composition, at SUNY-Albany over time, with respect to potential changes (or not) in tuition
With the decrease of state appropriation over the years and increase of tuition and fees, it can be expected that enrollment of student out of state and foreign students at SUNY-Albany over time will continue to decrease to a large degree and enrollment of in state students will remain relatively stable. On the website of lohud.com(2016), there is a remark of SUNY chancellor Nancy Zimpher that student enrollment will face challenge with the cut in state funding and rising tuition rates.
Public institutions are mostly established or maintained by the state governments. And the funding sources of public institutions include government, society, alumni and other channels, but mainly from the state government financial subsidies. But state revenue is mainly from the residents of the state. For the state's students, the major public institutions will offer tuition discounts, etc. With the economical underperformance, the government's financial support to the public universities is gradually reduced as the government will continue to reduce the amount of tax revenue. But in order to maintain a balance of payments, SUNY-Albany will continue to increase the tuition and fees of students outside the state and international students to increase revenue.
5.A Discussion of my findings in view of the analyses in the papers listed below - the Rizzo and Ehrenberg paper, the two Education Trust publications, and the McDuff paper.
The article by Rizzo and Ehrenberg reach the contrary conclusion with my prediction of student enrollment caused by rise of tuition in the future, and McDuff paper seems to also support Rizzo and Ehrenberg’s thesis.
Rizzo and Ehrenberg have examined a lot of data of public flagship universities. But it is concluded that they enroll nonresidents to improve institutional quality, or to serve other interests such as tuition reciprocity agreements through tuition reciprocity programs. But some of his sub thesis or reason to support the conclusion is not convincing to me. For example, it mentions the fact that institutions respond to state appropriations slowdowns by increasing both in-state and nonresident tuition for a rebuttal of using nonresident tuition as a source of revenue. But it fails to mention the different degree of increase for in-state and nonresident tuition.
In the journal paper entitled Quality, tuition, and applications to in-state public colleges by McDuff, it probes into how college quality and tuition affects a student’s decision of application. It is found that the high-quality and affordable public higher education is often in conflict and there is a two-way interaction between the policy of increase of in state tuition and students’enrollment. Students tend to accept large increases of in-state tuition as long as the university provides a higher quality education, which becomes a sort of incentive for some public university to increase their tuition. This reveals one implicit but important reason driving the tuition of public school: the tolerance and acceptance of tuition rise for the better education of quality.
6. Suppose you are the “enrollment manager” at SUNY-Albany. What would you do?
If I am the “enrollment manager” at SUNY-Albany, I will try to reach equilibrium between in-state and nonresident students. If there are too many in-state students, it will impact diversity, school revenue and quality of education to some degree by missing some excellent students of other states. But the enrollment of too many out of state students also occupies precious educational resources of in-state students.
7 how data on SUNY-Albany at U.S. Department of Education’s new College Scorecard website numbers change any of my thinking regarding the above questions
What I most concern about is salary as the whole study is about the rise of tuition. It is $50,100, which is almost $20,000 higher than the national average of $33,400. And the debt of undergraduate borrowers who complete college is $21,490. This means that with the cost of the four year’s debt, one has the chance to get a extra sum of money, equal to his or her debts, than half of his follow citizens, as long as he or she got the diploma. Thus, I found that no matter how tuition of higher education rise, it is worthy of try and it may be rewarding at least financially finally.

Reference Lists
Archives . (2010). Students fight budget cuts at SUNY Palooza - Pipe Dream.
College factual.com. (2016).How Diverse is SUNY at Albany? Explore Ethnic, Age, Male to Female and Geographic Diversity
Rizzo, M. J. and Ehrenberg, R. G. (2003). Resident and nonresident tuition and enrollment at flagship state universities (CHERI Working Paper #26). Retrieved [insert date], from Cornell University, ILR School site:
suny.edu. (2016).Fast Facts - SUNY
usnews.(2016).University at Albany--SUNY | University at Albany--SUNY - Profile, Rankings and Data | SUNY Albany | US News Best Colleges

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英国论文代写范文-The government tax gasoline

本篇英国论文代写范文-The government tax gasoline讲了比起大多数产品，政府的汽油税多于那些拥有汽车和开车更多的汽油，被认为比那些买不起车的穷人更富有。减少对穷人征税的方法是减少福利水平差距，增强社会平等的途径。本篇英国论文代写由51due代写平台整理，供大家参考阅读。

Case 1
The government tax gasoline more than most products because those who have cars and drive more are considered to be richer than those poor people who cannot even afford to buy cars. Taxing the rich more while taxing the poor less is a way to reduce the gap between the welfare levels and to enhance social equality. Apart from this economic reason, gasoline produces pollution, which is a negative externality. By taxing gasoline more, people will have less incentive to use gasoline and will produce less pollution.
The graph on the left showed tax for gasoline and the graph on the right showed the situation for tax on other goods. Quantity before tax is denoted as Q0 and quantity after tax is denoted as Q1. Price before tax is denoted as P0 and price after tax is denoted as P tax. The supply is elastic and more of the tax burden will be levied on the consumers because the demand is inelastic. There are few substitutes for gasoline and it is a necessity for those who drive cars. As shown in the first graph, with an elastic supply, consumer surplus decreases more than producer surplus. The quantity consumed will be further reduced.
I believe that it is a good idea because in terms of economics, those with a higher reservation price on gas will pollute more and pay more. However, those poor or those who do not value gasoline that much will choose to pay less, or not at all if they consume within the limits, and use less. This way, resources are allocated to those who need it most and value it most. From a social perspective, pollution will be reduced because the maximum amount of gas emission is capped with a ceiling. People will pay for the extra emission and this amount of money can be used to treat pollution.
The first suggestion I made is for the government to subsidize the vehicles that uses electricity such as Tesla. For example, there could be no tax at all if you buy an electronic vehicle. When people find it cheaper to purchase an electronic vehicle, they have a substitute and the quantity of gasoline vehicles decreases. The second policy is to reduce the price of bus fares or even make it almost free to ride the bus. Then people will abandon cars in the family and choose to ride the bus or subway instead. The greenhouse gas emission of 1 bus is less than 10 or 20 cars that run separately on the streets. Buses and subways are also substitutes for gasoline cars.
Case 2
Minimum wage is the lowest wage that a firm can give to its workers set by the government. An ineffective minimum wage is when this wage set by the government is already lower than the market equilibrium determined by the supply and demand curves. An effective minimum wage is when this minimum wage is above the equilibrium wage determined by the market. On this graph, quantity of labor before the minimum tax is denoted as Q0 and the quantity of labor after the minimum wage is denoted as Q1. The original wage determined by the labor market equilibrium is denoted as W0 and the new minimum wage is denoted as min wage. The consumer surplus before the policy is the area under the shape W0Eo. The new consumer surplus is the area under W0dfo. The new producer surplus is the area a, c, and min wage. The old producer surplus is AEW0.
The main argument for the minimum wage is to increase the welfare for some low skilled workers such that they do not have to work very hard while only receiving one dollar a day. The minimum wage made sure that the labor is paid off. Those who benefit most from this policy are those who already have a job that originally paid below the minimum wage.
The main argument against the minimum wage is that the number of workers demanded will be decreased. Firms will be more unwilling to hire people because it is more expensive. In the graph above, the quantity of labor actually hired will decrease from Q0 to Q1, rending some people who originally had the potential of finding a job unemployed. Those who are unemployed lost the most because for them, it is better to have a job that paid only $5 an hour rather than having no job and no income at all.
Although there are loses for those who are unable to find a job once there is a minimum wage, I believe that the government should still implement this policy. At the same time, I believe that other policies such as encouraging one to become an entrepreneur or subsidies to further education should also be there to aid this minimum policy. For those who cannot find a job, they can be their own boss or continue their education so that they can become more competitive in the job market in the future.

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毕业论文写作素材如何收集

论文的成功与否，就看你的论据是否能说服读者相信你的观点，而通常在这一点上，这个部分的处理是最难的。今天，51due代写平台将为大家讲解毕业论文写作素材如何收集。

那么如何解释自己的论据呢？
一．让论据产生作用。
学生要注意的是：在论证中，我们在理解和处理时，论据是最抽象、最困难的要素。通常学生在论文中提出的论据是为了连接理由和观点，当然，学生也可以提供论据说明证据如何和理由产生关联，如如论据将一个观点连接到支持观点的理由那样，它也将一个理由连接到支持该理由的证据。
二．论据的陈述技巧。
其实，学生在撰写毕业论文时，会用许多方式来陈述论据，从直截了当到迂回的方式都有。举三个不同表达的例子：如果问题持续下去，投入在预防上的资源便被浪费了。花了钱没有收获是一种浪费。如果你仍然需要治疗，那么再少预防都是浪费。不管通过什么方式做陈述，论据总是包含两个部分：一是一般情况，另一个是读者据以推想的一般性后果。在学生完成自己论文的时候，一般采用的比较多的是陈述论据的方式，这种方式是最有用的，因为，它可以清楚地区分论据具备的两个部分，即：如果当X时，则Y.
三．检验论据的技巧
建议学生在陈述文章论据时，切记反问自己三个问题，以便提前克服导师见到文章后的任何抗拒你的观点，要假如老师可能会挑战你的论据。
1.该论据是正确的且有适当的限定条件吗？
2.该论据可应用于理由和观点吗？
3.就导师而言，这个论证是适当的且有说服力的吗？

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英国论文代写-写作技巧指导

现如今已是六月时期，快要放假时作业总是一篇又一篇的布置下来，由于很多的留学生们的英语水平并不是很高，要写作一篇具有较为高深的文章有点困难。为此在面对众多的作业是总是会力不从心，今天，51due代写平台将为大家讲解英国论文代写-写作技巧指导。

一.学会思考抉择。 也就是为论文定题时思考你的兴趣点以及你写文章时可能或需要用到你课堂上的知识点，只有这样，你在论文完成过程中才可能把最深的知识论点呈现给到导师。
二.学会参照对比总结。因为当你参考过大量资料或文献以及一些论文议题时，你会不自主的进行对比并完成和自己英语论文相通的理论结论，以达到文章独特性的一个点，此时，最需要你的一种能力就是阅读和总结能力了。最终达到发现新鲜点（即做到与众不同），这便是你的独创性。
三.调整好心态，做好多次修改的心理准备。当上面两个步骤都完成好后，也确认论文框架已经搭好后，就可以采取趁热打铁式开始写作了，把你考虑好的主体先写下来，然后到修改时再来考虑细节方面。动笔时需要注意用词的规范性（多使用专业术语）和艺术性（适当变化用词），修改-修改-再修改，要有不厌其烦的精神，
四.做好最后的检查工作。
最后：检查和检测论文整体质量。因为英国高校对待每一位的学生论文时都是公平的，最后都会上传到系统对论文的抄袭情况做检测，所以你需要在上交论文前最好可以做一次检测，当然市场上有很多可以帮忙检测的一些论文机构，一定要选择一家比较靠谱且安全性高的品牌了，然后再请同学提出一些意见如语法、内容等，当然如果有定期和老师meeting的时间最好请老师做一些点评，以保证论文顺利通过。

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英国硕士学期论文怎么写

无论是国内的硕士生，还是国外的硕士留学生们，期末总是让人最为难熬的一段时间。每到学期末，论文任务成堆的布置在了那里，量多又要求质量，想要全部完成是有一定的难度的。而且如果敷衍了事，论文挂了科，那可就是一件麻烦的事情了。今天，51due代写平台将为大家讲解英国硕士学期论文怎么写。

一、规划好论文写作时间。英国称Assignment为学期论文,一般集中在11月份中旬开始，建议学生从已经拿到论文要求和题目确定后就开始做准备。这样可以提高学期论文通过的概率，另外，也不要认为你目前的知识不足以完成这样一篇论文，要定位好自己的心态以及对自己将要写作的论文保持一定的信心。
二、动笔前的准备工作。每一位学生在完成自己的学期论文时，都会参考大量的文献资料或网络资源的，这个是非常有必要的，但需要注意的一点，不能完全抄袭，要懂得总结概括出来对论文比较重要的一些论点以做学期论文使用。可以多利用学校的一些网络数据库资源，这些数据库上包含很多杂志的内容，只要你输入关键词就可以轻松找到你想要的资料。当然，你拿到这些资料后需要细细的做研究，但比翻期刊找相关的资料是绝对快很多的。
三、参与同学讨论。当你的学期论文完成了的时候可以和你的周围同学做一些讨论，也可以做一下分工，交换自己论文的答案与认识，互相做到完善，以达到在导师审核时的一些不必要的一些问题，也顺便可以培养与同学间的感情与合作的默契度。这样来提高学期论文的写作效率、质量问题，从而达到论文顺利通过的目的。
硕士生的论文难度比起本科生而言难度会更大一些，任务量也同样的会大上不少，想要保质又保量的完成，可不是一件容易的事情。如果在网上随便查找资料拼凑上去的也不可能会通过的哦，毕竟论文也有专门的系统进行检测，抄袭率过高的话不但无法通过，还有面临退学的可能哦。

现在大家知道英国硕士学期论文怎么写了吧，如果觉得写英国论文还是有困难，那快来找我们英国论文代写机构51due吧，51due英国论文代写机构为你提供英国留学知识，专业辅导，还为你提供专业英国论文代写，需要找论文代写的话快来联系我们51due吧。—Ace