Introduction to cloud storage and related issues

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文 -- Introduction to cloud storage and related issues，文章讲述云存储是云计算技术的一部分，对于全球用户而言并不陌生。如果您在Google上输入“云存储”，将弹出1.53亿个结果。在这些顶级结果中，有IBM和Google等顶级公司提供的云存储服务广告。实际上，在云存储市场的顶端，平价和竞争有所增加。在微软重新推出SkyDrive取代OneDrive以及市场现象苹果之后，谷歌已经推出了其云存储平台Google Drive。

Introduction to cloud storage and related issues
I. Introduction
Cloud storage, which is a part of the cloud computing technique, has already been no stranger to worldwide users. If you type in “cloud storage” on Google, 153 million results will pop up. Among those top results are advertisements of cloud storage services offered by top-tier companies like IBM and Google. Actually at the top of the cloud storage market, there is a little more parity and competition. Google has launched its cloud storage platform, Google Drive, following Microsoft's re-launch of SkyDrive in place of OneDrive, and the market phenomenon, Apple. Inc has even distributed in this field even earlier and viewed it as a strategic infrastructure where all Apple products could harbor. As a part of the cloud computing, cloud storage is a hot topic in nowadays IT eco-system is self-evident, but nevertheless, like any other new stuff, it inevitably brings about other problems which lead to broad dispute in the society. At present, there has been a lot of attention on cloud security and copyright issue. Therefore, in this essay I will introduce the development of cloud storage technique and discuss this technique in lights of ethic, law and security.
II. Background
Just few years ago, cloud technology is totally a new technology. Though it could well be the norm for many business applications and in fact it is already a part of many computers operating system, most people don’t even know what the “Cloud” is talked about. Referring to Maynard, “Cloud storage is a model of data storage where the digital data is stored in logical pools, the physical storage spans multiple servers (and often locations), and the physical environment is typically owned and managed by a hosting company. These cloud storage providers are responsible for keeping the data available and accessible, and the physical environment protected and running. ” (Maynard, 2013) To put it in simple words, cloud data storage allows users, either companies or people, to store all of their information on a web-based platform. But simply just relate those professional internet player that provide huge data storage space as shareholder of cloud storage is narrow. The usage of cloud storage might remind people of a myriad of life experiences. Leave the computing technique behind, almost everyone has the experience that gets through certain interfaces via devices with an Internet connection like iPads and Android phones. Netizens nowadays enjoy cloud services from multiple tunnels, such as email, blog (that provides photo uploading and storing service), and other social network.
Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider is generally believed to have introduced the idea “cloud computing” in the 1960s. In 1969, he was working on enabling Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) to connect people and data from anywhere at any time. In his point of view, this invention was to connect everyone on the globe and to provide access to programs and data at any site, from anywhere, which seems in nowadays the concept of what we call cloud computing. (Maynard, 2013) About the development of cloud service later on, there are descriptions in mainly two streams. One of it recalls those individuals introduced evolved ideas while the other attributes to those heavy weight players in this field. Some names mentioned in this field are Kurt Vonnegut and John McCarthy. Vonnegut believed a cloud "does all the heavy thinking for everybody," and computer scientist John McCarthy proposed the idea of computation being delivered as a public utility, similar to the service bureaus which date back to the sixties. (Vonnegut, 1959) Actually with Web 2.0 being the most recent evolution, “cloud computing has developed along a number of lines since the sixties.” (Mohamed, 2009) However, after scientists knocked the door open, cloud computing for the masses has been something of a late developer in the 1990s and the stage was left for those commercial shareholders. In 1994, AT&T launched PersonaLink Services, “a completely web-base online platform for personal and business communication and entrepreneurship.” (Mohamed, 2009) 1999 witnessed another milestones in cloud computing. As Salesforce.com came upon, it pioneered the mode of delivering enterprise applications via one website. In 2006, Amazon Web Services made the debut of their cloud storage service AWS S3, and in 2002, Amazon Mechanical Turk, and in 2006, EC2. According to article A History of Cloud Storage, CEO of Brightcove, Jeremy Allaire believed “Amazon EC2/S3 was the first widely accessible cloud computing infrastructure service." (Mohamed, 2009) Nevertheless, after all, another giant, Google marked the year of 2009 by starting offering browser-based enterprise applications, though services such as Google Apps.
III. Potential benefits
Chief executive officer of IBM’s Platform Computing, Song-nian Zhou believes "many IT professionals recognize the benefits cloud computing offers in terms of increased storage, flexibility and cost reduction." (IBM Corporation, 2012) It is generally believed that cloud computing can bring enormous benefits for IT users and it seems that most experts agree that present computing landscape will be finally transformed by cloud computing. As A History of Cloud Storage introduces Andreas Asander, vice-principal of product management at virtualisation security specialist Clavister, said
"cloud computing services can enable an enterprise to expand its infrastructure, add capacity on demand, or outsource the whole infrastructure, resulting in greater flexibility, a wider choice of computing resources and significant cost savings."
Also in the same article, A History of Cloud Storage, from specialist in emerging technologies, Julian Friedman, words are that today's applications will naturally move towards a cloud model as they become more pervasively available through the web, require more data processing, and span the boundaries of multiple devices. (Mohamed, 2009)
IV. Legal and ethical issues
But still, Friedman has concerns on this new developed. In general, people worry the use of cloud storage will lead to problems, such as privacy leak, illegal misbehave, and ethical violation.
From the legal point of view, according to Patrick Van Eecke, professor from Antwerpen University, the popularity of cloud storage poses challenges in aspects as liability, applicable law, compliance, data protection, copyright, and data portability. To be more specific, firstly, many laws are lagging behind this IT age, and thus many legal issues are remained unsolved. Secondly, Patrick Van Eecke believes “many publicly available cloud computing contracts limit liability of hosting provider to a level that is not in line with the potential risk. Cloud computing contracts resemble typical software licenses, and potential risk is much higher.” (Eecke, 2010) Thirdly, there is a liability fro illegal. Nowadays the problem is that special protection is focused on storage itself, but some other activities are not taken into concern. And in some degree, even after certain law making, what was found is that a standard is missing in the “notice-and-takedown procedure.” (Eecke, 2010)
From the ethical point of view, the ethic issue about use of cloud storage is often related with business relationship, for example, between a lawyer and his clients. In this circumstance, when using the cloud in certain legal practice, it involves turning client confidential information over to the control of a third party. (Rubin, 2013) Even though, the related professional associations(here in this case——bar associations) are still adaptable and able to address new technology. In 2013, the American Bar Association adopted amendments to the Model Rules of Professional Conduct which expressed a kind of view that with proper guidance lawyers could look to the applicable ethics rules with “specific practices” being left to the lawyer’s exercise of judgment. (Rubin, 2013) In another field of application, for example, storing personal photos and writings in the cloud also arouses another ethnic issue——if someone get access to the others’ private documents which is in the cloud, leave beside this behavior is legal or not, is this kind of act is ethic? To violate the others’ privacy is clearly ethically wrong, but cloud storage nowadays adds to the risk of privacy leak.
V. Security concerns
From the security point of view, last and the most important factor people discuss about cloud storage is the security of sensitive data stored in the cloud. According to some experts, they believe in some degree, the centralization of data has increased their security statues. As non-professionals (the users) hand over the management of their data to the professional big companies, some problem that individuals are not able to tackle could seek better resolution. But at the same time, it truly causes a kind of loss in the control over these data. The saving environment becomes more and more complex as the wider distribution of data, and thus the risk of leaking is higher.
VI. Conclusion
It is no need to say that cloud computing can bring enormous benefits for IT users. However, a more stable and cloud-friendly environment has still been constructed since everything emerges with merits and problems. The process of learning how to secure, manage and monitor the growing range of external resources residing in the cloud is still on.



Reference
Eecke, P. V. (2010, April). Cloud Computing Legal Aspects. Antwerpen, Belgium. Retrieved Sep 29, 2014, from http://www.isaca.org/Groups/Professional-English/cloud-computing/GroupDocuments/DLA_Cloud computing legal issues.pdf
Annotation: Cloud Computing Legal Aspects is a presentation made by professor Eecke from Antwerpen University. This PPT format report lists out phenomena of the popularity of the cloud storage services. Besides, it also probes into challenges posed by these phenomena.

IBM Corporation. (2012, May). IBM Platform Computing. New York.
Annotation: It is an research style propaganda prepared by IBM company. It starts with advantages that cloud service brings forth from aspects like highlights, “Share the power, reap the rewards,” “Intelligent dynamic workload and resource management,” and “Integrated systems make deployment and adoption easier.” Though this “report” ends up the introduction of IBM services, the ending does not reduce reports credit.

Katz Deanne. (2012, Jun 18). How Cloud Storage and Confidentiality Can Work Together. Retrieved Sep 30, 2014, from findlaw.com: http://blogs.findlaw.com/technologist/2012/06/cloud-storage-for-confidential-documents-is-not-a-contradiction.html
Annotation: How Cloud Storage and Confidentiality Can Work Together is posted on the findlaw.com in the form of a blog post. As its name reveals, it mainly introduces the confidential statues of present cloud storage service. This article is written in a legal angle, and therefore it is not interesting or “for everyone”, but nevertheless, you will find what you look for on the topic “cloud storage” and “confidentiality.”

Maynard James. (2013, Jan 3). Cloud Storage–the First 50 Years. Retrieved Sep 29, 2014, from
http://www.mosaicarchive.com/2013/01/03/cloud-storage-the-first-50-years/
Annotation: It is a well written article which consists the first 50 years evolution of cloud storage technique. James starts with social phenomena as hook, and has done this job with plain language and examples in lives. It could serve as an ideal introduction for the non-professional to learn about cloud storage.

Mohamed, A. (2009, Mar 27). A history of cloud computing. Retrieved Sep 27, 2014, from ComputerWeekly.com: http://www.computerweekly.com/feature/A-history-of-cloud-computing
Annotation: Reading A history of cloud computing is a simple way to learn the processing of cloud computing. This article is not long but counts down the history in a time order. What is more, it offers the names in the history so that readers with dense interests can explore more with these strings

Rubin, K. E. (2013, Dec). Blue skies above Legal ethics and cloud storage. Retrieved Sep 30, 2014, from https://www.ohiobar.org/NewsAndPublications/OhioLawyer/Pages/Blue-skies-above-Legal-ethics-and-cloud-storage.aspx
Annotation: Blue skies above Legal ethics and cloud storage is the kind of articles one could find in law school textbook. It mainly explains the ethics aspect of lawyers’ using of cloud storage. It has the language of legal documents, clearly defined, and absolutly precise.

Vonnegut, K. (1959). Sirens of Titan (Trade Paperback Edition ed.). New York: Dial Press.
Annotation: The writer, Kurt Vonnegut, is brilliant. After reading this book, Sirens of Titan, most reader would probably get this impression. Fifty years ahead of us, he has already figured out “the cloud” and its essence, even before “the cloud” is invented.


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Health effects of Air pollution in Beijing

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文 -- Health effects of Air pollution in Beijing，文章讲述就北京大气污染与大气污染之间的关系进行了研究。血压，旨在通过具体数据得出结论。卡车司机和为了比较，上班族是研究的对象。通过测试，显然表明卡车司机的个人PM2.5高于办公室工人。然后，下班后的血压竟然成为测量的目标。它令人惊讶地发现，颗粒物效应是由整体北京的空气污染水平，而不是目标的工作相关暴露人。因此，本文在一定程度上表明空气污染会影响，无论他们从事什么工作，当地人的健康状况。再次提醒我们注意北京的空气污染，不遗余力遏制其对健康的不利影响。

Health effects of Air pollution in Beijing
Baccarelli Andrea, Barretta Francesc, Dou Chang, Zhang Xiao, McCracken John P. (2011).
Effects of particulate air pollution on blood pressure in a highly exposed population
in Beijing, China: a repeated-measure study. Environmental Health, 10 (1), 108.
This paper presents the research on the relationship between air pollution in Beijing and
blood pressure, aiming to make a conclusion through specific data. Truck drivers and
office workers are the targets of the research in order to make a comparison. Through
testing, it obviously shows that truck drivers have a higher personal PM2.5 than office
workers. Then the post-work blood pressure turns out to be the target of measurement. It
surprisingly finds out that the particulate matter effect is radically caused by the overall
level of air pollution in Beijing rather than the work-related exposure of the target
person. Therefore, this paper, to some extent, had indicated that air pollution will affect
the local’s health no matter what their jobs are. It again, also alarms us the pay attention
to the air pollution in Beijing and spare no effort to curb its adverse impact on health.

Guo Yuming, Tong Shilu, Zhang Yanshen, Barnett, Adrian G, Jia Yuping. (2010). The
relationship between particulate air pollution and emergency hospital visits for hypertension
in Beijing, China. Science of the Total Environment, 408, 4446-4450.
This report mainly focuses on the relationship between hypertension and air pollution
in Beijing. It did the research by collecting data on EHVs for hypertension under
different particulate matter including PM2.5 and PM10. After giving the concrete data,
the paper analyzes the relationship between EHV and different particulate matter, which
has directly given out the result that EHVs for hypertension will increase when the
concentration of particulate matter air pollutant grows. Therefore, the air pollution in
Beijing will make the problem of hypertension worse. The paper, through the result of
the research, also put forwards the view that air pollution in Beijing has a close link to
the health of local people, therefore more research should be conducted in terms of the
health problems caused be air pollution.

M. Zhang, Y. Song, X. Cai. (2007). A health-based assessment of particulate air pollution in urban
areas of Beijing in 2000-2004. Science of the Total Environment, 376 (1-3), 100-108.
This paper comprehensively describes the issue of air pollution in Beijing step by step.
It starts with many concrete data covering from year 2000 to 2004 on the concentration
of air pollutants, such as PM10, SO2, mortality and morbidity. Then a detailed analysis
is put on the exposure-response function, which explains how the air pollution causes
health problem. Moreover, the study also discusses another problem occasioned by
air pollution. Health problem, at the same time, will result in a huge cost which takes up
a big part of the regional GDP. Finally, as a conclusion, the paper points up that efforts
should be paid to curb the air pollution given by its series of adverse effects. This paper
gives me a general understanding of the air pollution issue in Beijing and help me to
Better conduct my research.

Zhang F, Li L, Krafft T, Lv J, Wang W. (2011). Study on the Association between Ambient Air
Pollution and Daily Cardiovascular and Respiratory Mortality in an Urban District of Beijing.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 8 (6), 2109-2123.
This paper mainly studies on the relationship between the air pollution in Beijing and
the daily cardiovascular and respiratory mortality. Two periods have been chosen to do
the study: year 2003 to 2006 when there is less intervention in air pollution, and year
2007 to 2008, when there is more. Then the number of cardiovascular and respiratory
death has been respectively recorded under the condition of excluding other factors.
Finally, the collected figures show that cardiovascular and respiratory mortality has a
close relationship with the air pollution. The paper even studies the effects of different
air pollutants on cardiovascular and respiratory mortality. With the concrete data, this
paper is a good material to display the relationship between the certain health problems
and air pollution in Beijing.

Zhang A., Qi Q., Jiang L., Zhou F., & Wang J. (2013). Population exposure to PM2.5 in the
urban area of beijing. PLoS One, 8(5).
This paper generally introduces the air pollution problem, especially the PM2.5 in
Beijing. A large amount of data has been collected targeting a specific period of time
and different places. Through analysis, the research figures out that places having a
higher level of concentration, those having lower level and periodic and directional
trend of PM2.5. The research also shows that effect of PM2.5 on people who stay in
lower level of concentration for a long times equals that on people who stay in higher
level of concentration for a long time. This paper does not aim to study the relationship
between specific disease and air pollution in Beijing; instead it has given us a general
picture of the pollution by introducing data to make it more concrete. Therefore, it has
revealed the seriousness of problems and laid a solid foundation for our further study.

51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明：原创优秀代写范文源自编辑创作，未经官方许可，网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为，未经同意的情况下，51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写、作业代写服务。
51due为留学生提供最好的作业代写服务，亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多代写范文提供作业代写服务，详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

Different expectations of Chinese and American high school students

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文 -- Different expectations of Chinese and American high school students，文章讲述始终将美国和中国在政治，经济和文化方面进行比较。除了这些宏观观点之外，我总是想知道如果我是中国的高中生，那么正常的工作时间会怎样。在网上搜索和面试之后，我对美国和中国学生的期望差异形成了一个基本概念。

Different expectations of Chinese and American high school students
The U.S. and China are always compared together in aspects of politics, economy and culture. Apart from these macro viewpoints, I always wonder what a normal workday goes if I am a high school student in China. After searching online and making interviews, I have formed a basic concept about the differences of expectations of students in America and in China.
The first distinction lies in attitudes towards study. Chinese students focus more on grades rather than learning abilities. I notice that when searching key words like “study” via the biggest searching engine in China, Baidu, you will get a list of websites claiming that they aim to improve your grades in a semester’s time. Similar advertisements are overwhelming. I think what leads to it is that Chinese high school students are under great pressure of the college entrance examination since most of them regard it as a way to a new life, whereas American students have been quite independent both economically and psychologically. The latter are given opportunities to choose their own way whether to go to college or earn themselves an early career.
Some people may argue that there are high schools that concentrate to foster students comprehensively. Yet, I asked several friends from provinces in China, like Anhui and Shandong. They told me a sad fact that teachers, parents and students are still holding the opinion that getting into university is their first step to earn the freedom to develop an interest of their own, a life in their own hands. That is, though students in developed cities in China are able to possess a colorful life, a huge number of students in China are still coping with tremendous academic pressure.
On the contrary, American students have less academic pressure from their their parents. They are able to immerse themselves in club activities, part-time jobs and internship, without being interfered too much by their families or schools. Getting into a famous college doesn't equal a bright future.
Besides, Chinese students are in an obedient social position. Mentally speaking, they are educated to be modest, which requires them to hardly talk about their accomplishments unless they are mentioned. Their lives mainly take place in schools, since everyone is asked to get to school early and leave very late. In addition, challenging the teacher in the classroom is less than in an American class. Chinese students are limited to a procedure of listening, memorizing and practising. They seldom raise their doubts in class to avoid losing "face" if they are wrong. Meanwhile, American classrooms encourage academic questions and discussions. Classes are more communication-centered rather than merely teaching rules and knowledge of a certain subject.
One more thing about expectations of high school students in both countries is that Chinese students live a much easier life comparably speaking. Since Chinese students regard study as their main and perhaps the only task, they are free from worrying about living basics. Their family and schools have already taken care of everything else in hope of constructing a perfect environment of pure study. However, Americans are far away from this type of babysitting life. They are treated as an adult, taking responsibilities of their own life. Yet, the easy mode of Chinese high school students leads to a serious problem in the future. These students will find it extremely hard to live independently and lose their competiveness in fields of cooking, driving and other necessary reqirements of a self-satisfying life.
In this way, a huge challenge lies ahead of Chinese students that they are obliged to make a quick adjustment as soon as their high school comes to an end. A brand new society is ahead of them. If they want to be embraced by it, they have to improve their skills from all dimensions.
In my research, I also notice that more and more people realize the deadly disadvantages of Chinese education. Governments are endeavoring to make impairments to this current situation, where they are researching and collecting useful reform procedures from America, Japan, Singapore, etc. Yet, educational reform is a huge project that requires powerful sopports from families, societies and economy. So, the pessimistic situation will last for at least a decade since provinces and cities in China differ in thinking modes and norms.
In conclusion, the rule of being a student in China is to follow whereas the one in the U.S. can choose. So, the education system in America does better in students' growth while China is making great efforts to improve it.

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Descriptive expression

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文 -- Descriptive expression，文章讲述在当今世界和社会中，存在着一个相当普遍和明显的现象，越来越多的人倾向于在日常交流中使用描述性语法表达而不是描述性表达，这肯定是语言发展的必然趋势，对现有的所谓标准语法产生巨大影响。经过教授的演讲，我对什么是描述论和什么是处方主义有了更好的理解，这在语言学领域是对立的。尽管有许多知识渊博的学者，政治家和其他一些精英团体不遗余力地促进规定主义，但我仍然是一个激进的描述主义者。

Descriptive expression
In today’s world and society, there is a pretty general and obvious phenomenon that more and more people are inclined to use descriptive grammatical expressions rather than prescriptive ones in their daily communication, which is sure to be an inevitable trend in the development of language, imposing enormous impact on the existing so-called standard grammar. After the lecture given by the professor, I have a better understanding of what is descriptivism and what is prescriptivism, which are posed as polar opposites in the field of linguistics. In spite of the fact that a large number of knowledgeable scholars, politicians and some other elite groups spare no efforts to promote prescriptivism, I am still a radical descriptivist. Descriptivism is sure to be far more tenable than prescriptivism and my arguments go as follows:
Firstly, from my perspective, I think descriptive grammatical expressions are more natural than prescriptive ones. As is known, language is supposed to be a natural flow of one’s mind and feelings. It seems not wise for the small group of linguists or rather scholars to confine that natural flow into an enclosing frame of grammar without flexibility or change. Language is created by our ancestors, by humans. The idea of that group of scholars who have prescribed all the grammatical rules cannot represent that of people from all over the world. Sometimes prescriptivism might just hinder our communications in our daily life, which can be exemplified by my own experience. As an international student from China, I have always been introduced to prescriptive English. Under that cramming system, we Chinese students are constantly stuffed with all those dogmatic grammar rules which sometimes cannot even justify themselves. From the day I was exposed to English, I have been told to recite all the boring and rigid stuff. Without a proper environment where we can practice oral English, all we can do after years of English study is read, write and listen but not speak. When I first came to L.A., I found it so tough for me to communicate with the locals, because they talk in a very natural and casual way while I had to think twice to make sure my expressions were right before saying something. I had long been at a loss, without any idea of how to speak myself out. To some degrees, I think such language barrier is partially what results in us Chinese students keeping silent in and outside the classroom and even ostracizing the introverted from the colorful campus life. The essence of language is communication. With so many grammatical rules to adhere to, language is in a sense more of a burden than what it carries, especially for those non-native speakers.
Aside from the naturalness of descriptivism, its flexibility to change with the times and society is helpful in gathering an increasing number of supporters while at the mean time, prescriptivism stays nearly the same. People should not fail to notice that there are many humorous online catchphrases gaining ever-increasing popularity with their vivid and clear expression of a certain meaning. Take a look at several popular buzz words. The most widespread and famous one is perhaps “You can you up, no can no BB” and it means if you think you can do something, you can just go straight and then do it. But if you are incapable of doing that, you had better shut up and stop making judgments about others. Nowadays more and more people start using it and it soon becomes a symbol of fashion words and can find its appearance in a great many occasions. But if we analyze this expression in the terms of prescriptive grammar, it is safe to say that this expression is one hundred percent wrong or improper. On one hand, the word “up” is used in this expression as a verb, but based on the prescriptive grammar rules, “up” can be used as an adverb, a preposition or an adjective but not a verb. The property or characteristic of a word and complete sentence structure serve as a pretty critical role in linguistics. On the other hand, the last word “BB” is, in prescriptive terms, sure to fall into the category of vulgarity and indecency. Regardless of all those dogmatic prescriptive grammar rules, such expressions begin to sprout like mushrooms and impose profound influence in the field of linguistics. Another example might just do as well in exemplifying the adaptation to change of descriptivism, that is, another online catchphrase “NO ZUO NO DIE”, which can find more and more users in China, especially among the youngsters. For instance, nearly all my friends in China frequently use this expression in daily chat. It is Chinlish and it means if you do not trouble trouble, trouble will not trouble you. Despite that it disagrees with prescriptive grammar rules, it is now widely used and entails a sense of humor and it can be easily understood. In this way, descriptivism can make a great contribution to the diversity of language, enriching the world’s culture.
Last but not least, according to what professor states in the lecture, descriptivism makes no value judgments, which is consistent with the universal call for equality where cultural equality or rather language equality constitutes a substantial part. If we subjectively assume that the standard language with prescriptive rules is better and more proper, then a set of quantified criteria should be made public and let the public make the decision. But it is not the case at all. Everyone knows language is created by mankind, but what language is better and more proper is decided by a small group of scholars. And once they decide what is better, then what about other forms of language. Prescriptivism is often associated with being educated, being decent. In essence, that practice in itself is prejudice. How can we attain universal equality when we have inequality in language? Let’s take Mark Twain’s novel the adventures of Huckleberry Finn as an example. We will never fail to notice that Mark Twain uses a lot of African American slang and strong accents, like
‘what do dey stan’ for? I’se gwyne to tell you. When I got all wore out wid work, en wid de callin’for you, en went to sleep, my heart wuz mos’broke bekase you wuz los’, en I didn’t k’yer no’ mo’ what become er me ende raf’. (Twain, p.302)
If American standard English is the benchmark, should our famed writer Mark Twain be prejudiced? Should we deduce that his language is inferior to others’? The answer is obvious.
My enduring exposure to prescriptive English grammar has taught me a lesson during my study in L.A. Having been incapable of fluent and effective communication with native speakers, I started to reflect on this problem. Listed above are three apparent advantages or merits of descriptivism. Language is largely about communication while prescriptivism is to some extent a departure from the essence of a language. But being a radical descriptivist does not necessarily mean a full denial of the merits of prescriptivism, which might make global communication more convenient and efficient with a set of fixed and prescriptive grammatical rules guiding them in terms of phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. But descriptivism is not only an edge over prescriptivism; it is the inevitable trend in linguistics in the days to come.

Works Cited
[1]Mark Twain. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Classics of World Literature. Portugal. Atlantico Press, 2013: 302.
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Contadina Pasta & Pizza

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文 -- Contadina Pasta & Pizza，文章讲述人类的好奇心是强烈而炽烈的，而探索心理学的冲动则是不断的，理解这一现象的真实性以及为什么如今已经成为人类习惯的一种探究自然的方法对此事件进行了解释，同时提出了合理而令人信服的证据来支持他们的观点，尤其是对于那些要求对其发现进行准确而准确的统计的科学家和研究人员而言。

Contadina Pasta & Pizza
Quite strong and blazing is human beings’ curiosity and increasingly constant is the urge from the psychology of exploration, understanding how the phenomenon actually is together with why it is how has nowadays been one of human beings’ habits to inquiry clearly deep down to the nature of the happened and in the meanwhile put forward with reasonable and convincing evidence to support their views of point, especially to those scientists and researchers who calls for exact and accurate statistics for their discoveries. Therefore under such an irreversible trend, causal designs, namely the designs focusing on the causes and effects of the specific subject matter, are inevitably turning to be significantly indispensable for the countless experiments and studies at present. The following will be the elaborate causal designs of the case Nestle Refrigerated Foods: Contadina Pasta & Pizza (A) from my own perspective with the concrete causes and effects of it listed for justifying.
The Nestle Refrigerated Food Company (NRPC), a wholly owned subsidiary of Nestle and one of the world’s largest food companies with a really high sales volume of a wide range of food and beverage products, is located in Glendale, California but operate in numerous countries from all over the world with employees from all directions with might and main contributing themselves to and standing together with the promising running of it always. Or maybe we can simply put it another way that the staff within has all taken the interests of the whole company as their own interests in that they hold the view that only the stable and hopeful operation of the whole company can guarantee the regular salary and welfare of each and every employee in it, leading to the virtuous cycle of the company’s being in motion and doing business better and better and the staff’s putting all their efforts into work tooth and nail ceaselessly.
With the staff’s continuous contribution to the company being at length mentioned above, what comes next to the list of why this company can run in such an explosive speed at an international level lies in the company’s exclusive and unique ideas in the new product development process, which in detail can be summarized into seven steps as below: idea generation; concept screening, that is the so-called idea refinement; product development; quantification of volume; test market; commercial evaluation and introductory tracking. If we take a closer look at all the above seven procedures, we can easily find that the company in the first place has made it their top priority to integrate both the market and the production itself, with the permanent modification and consummation of each individual step due to keeping trying on and on being taken into consideration. There’s no doubt that all the seven approaches can reach a state of perfection in the end thanks to learning from the past experiences gradually.
Last but not the least, what has to be referred to are the product types it specializes in, Contadina Pasta & Pizza. As is known to everyone that fast-paced is the current daily life of men and far more competitive is our surrounding society, the instant food, Contadina Pasta & Pizza, can to a certain degree receive great welcome by the wide public in that it can more or less save time for them to spend on other important issues that might matter more for them or just relax themselves to strike a proper balance between work and rest so that they can again gain the needed energies and efforts back for the coming trivial affairs in life. At the last of this causal designs, I want to express my heartfelt gratitude and sincere hope that everyone can to the best of their abilities grasp how the phenomenon actually is together with why it is how for almost everything they are confronted with.

51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明：原创优秀代写范文源自编辑创作，未经官方许可，网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为，未经同意的情况下，51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写、作业代写服务。
51due为留学生提供最好的作业代写服务，亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多代写范文提供作业代写服务，详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。