1991センター試験(5)
□When is a person old? There are many individuals who still seem ‘young’ at seventy or more, while others appear ‘old’ in their fifties. From another point of view, sumô wrestlers, for instance, are ‘old’ in their thirties, whereas artists' best years may come in their sixties or even later. But in general, people are old when society considers them to be old, that is, when they retire【to stop working because of old age】 from work at around the age of sixty or sixty-five.
□Nowadays, however, the demand for new work skills is making more and more individuals old before their time. Although older workers tend to be dependable, and have much to offer from their many years of experience, they are put at a disadvantage by rapid developments in technology. Older people usually find it more difficult to acquire【to learn something】 the new skills required by technological changes, and they do not enjoy the same educational opportunities as young workers.
□When they finally leave work and retire, people face further problems. The majority receive little or no assistance in adjusting to their new situation in the community. Moreover, since society at present appears to have no clear picture of what place its older members should occupy, it is unable to offer them enough opportunities to have satisfying social roles after they retire.
□In the past, the old used to be looked upon as experts【someone who has a particular skill or who knows a lot about something】 in solving various problems of life. Today, however, they are no longer regarded【to think about someone or something in a particular way】 as such and are seldom expected to play significant roles in social, economic and community affairs. With the number of older people in the population【the number of people living in a particular area】 rapidly increasing, we need greatly to increase and improve the opportunities provided for them so that they can participate【to take part in something】 in society with dignity and respect.
問１ People are normally regarded as old when .
① they are in their fifties
② they are judged to be old by society
③ they consider themselves too old to work
④ they reach the age of seventy
問２ Changes in technology can .
① enable older workers to make better use of their experience
② give older people opportunities for new jobs
③ make it easier for older workers to acquire new skills
④ make older people's knowledge and skills out of date
問３ After finally retiring, most people .
① are given new social roles by society
② do not need assistance in making the necessary adjustments
③ have few disadvantages in their new situation
④ have to work out their social roles largely for themselves
問４ According to the fourth paragraph, the position of old people in society today largely depends on .
① how many problems they are able to solve
② the age at which they finally retire from their work
③ the rapid increase in the number of retired people in the community
④ what opportunities they are given by society
解答）1② 2④ 3④ 3④
大学入学共通テスト 時間内で解ける力がつく英英直読英単語・熟語は上記長文中の語彙を以下のように網羅的にカバーしています。
□When is a person old? There are many individuals who still seem ‘young’ at seventy or more, while others appear ‘old’ in their fifties. From another point of view, sumô wrestlers, for instance, are ‘old’ in their thirties, whereas artists' best years may come in their sixties or even later. But in general, people are old when society considers them to be old, that is, when they retire from work at around the age of sixty or sixty-five.
□Nowadays, however, the demand for new work skills is making more and more individuals old before their time. Although older workers tend to be dependable, and have much to offer from their many years of experience, they are put at a disadvantage by rapid developments in technology. Older people usually find it more difficult to acquire the new skills required by technological changes, and they do not enjoy the same educational opportunities as young workers.
□When they finally leave work and retire, people face further problems. The majority receive little or no assistance in adjusting to their new situation in the community. Moreover, since society at present appears to have no clear picture of what place its older members should occupy, it is unable to offer them enough opportunities to have satisfying social roles after they retire.
□In the past, the old used to be looked upon as experts in solving various problems of life. Today, however, they are no longer regarded as such and are seldom expected to play significant roles in social, economic and community affairs. With the number of older people in the population rapidly increasing, we need greatly to increase and improve the opportunities provided for them so that they can participate in society with dignity and respect.
①prevent【privént】(Ex:The *noise *prevented me from sleeping.)
②invent【invént】(Ex:Who *invented the telephone? )
③bark【bɑ'ːrk】(Ex:*Barking dogs *seldom bite.)
④achieve【ətʃíːv】(Ex:She *achieved her objective of qualifying for the Olympics.)
(A)to create something that has never been made before
(B)to stop someone or something from doing something
(C)to succeed in doing something, usually with effort
(D)to make a short loud sound
1990追試-(5)
□Butterflies are insects as familiar to us as dragonflies. Many of us remember chasing them in the countryside or seeing them pinned neatly in boxes in museums. There are many people who collect butterflies because they are fascinated 【to attract and interest you very much】 by their beauty and variety. Butterfly shapes have also been used for patterns on kimono for a long time. Nowadays butterflies are usually considered to be objects of beauty.
□In the early stages of Japanese history, however, butterflies were not as popular【enjoyed or liked by a lot of people】 as they are today. For example, in the eighth-century Man'yôshû, one of the oldest collections of Japanese poetry, the word‘butterfly’is mentioned only twice. On the other hand, insect names such as ‘cricket’ appear more frequently. This may be due to the ancient Japanese attitude【the opinions and feelings that you have about something, especially when this shows in the way you behave】toward butterflies. In those days butterflies were feared and respected because they were thought to be the souls of people who had just died. Later their fearful image grew as Buddhist priests taught people of death and life after death. As a result, the butterfly as a symbol【a picture or shape used to express something】 of the human soul came to be associated with death in the minds of many people. Butterflies were, therefore, not just delicate, beautiful creatures.
□The image of butterflies gradually changed along with our ancestors' views of life and nature. As time went on, butterflies began to draw the attention of artists and craftsmen, and the ancient Japanese fear of them was replaced 【to be used instead of something】 by feelings of admiration as their beauty was more deeply appreciated. Butterflies are a good example of how people's attitudes toward familiar things around us can change over time.
問１ What was the attitude of people to butterflies in the days of the Man'yôshû?
① They considered butterflies suitable subjects for poetry.
② They regarded butterflies as the image of Buddha.
③ They respected and feared butterflies.
④ They were indifferent to butterflies.
問２ What do many Japanese think of butterflies today?
① They are a symbol of spring.
② They are fearful and mysterious.
③ They are objects of beauty.
④ They are the souls of ancient people.
問３ Who helped create and spread the modern image of butterflies?
① Artists and craftsmen.
② Buddhist priests.
③ Butterfly collectors.
④ Poets in the days of the Man'yôshû.
問４ What does the writer say about butterflies in this passage?
① Butterflies have always fascinated insect collectors and craftsmen.
② Butterflies should be feared and respected.
③ People's images of butterflies have changed over time.
④ The beauty of butterflies has been appreciated throughout history.
解答）1③ 2③ 3① 4③
大学入学共通テスト 時間内で解ける力がつく英英直読英単語・熟語は上記長文中の語彙を以下のように網羅的にカバーしています。
□Butterflies are insects as familiar to us as dragonflies. Many of us remember chasing them in the countryside or seeing them pinned neatly in boxes in museums. There are many people who collect butterflies because they are fascinated by their beauty and variety. Butterfly shapes have also been used for patterns on kimono for a long time. Nowadays butterflies are usually considered to be objects of beauty.
□In the early stages of Japanese history, however, butterflies were not as popular as they are today. For example, in the eighth-century Man'yôshû, one of the oldest collections of Japanese poetry, the word ‘butterfly’ is mentioned only twice. On the other hand, insect names such as ‘cricket’ appear more frequently. This may be due to the ancient Japanese attitude toward butterflies. In those days butterflies were feared and respected because they were thought to be the souls of people who had just died. Later their fearful image grew as Buddhist priests taught people of death and life after death. As a result, the butterfly as a symbol of the human soul came to be associated with death in the minds of many people. Butterflies were, therefore, not just delicate, beautiful creatures.
□The image of butterflies gradually changed along with our ancestors' views of life and nature. As time went on, butterflies began to draw the attention of artists and craftsmen, and the ancient Japanese fear of them was replaced by feelings of admiration as their beauty was more deeply appreciated. Butterflies are a good example of how people's attitudes toward familiar things around us can change over time.
①role【róul】(Ex:Sleep plays an important *role in your physical health.)
②wealth【wélθ】(Ex:For all his *wealth, he is not happy.)
③operation【ɑ`pəréiʃən】(Ex:She was in the hospital for an *operation.)
④rumor【rúːmər】(Ex:The *rumor turned out to be false. )
(A)an unofficial, interesting story or news that may or may not be true
(B)a large amount of money, property, etc. that someone owns
(C)the function of something in a particular situation
(D)the process of cutting into a patient's body for medical reasons
1990-(6)
□The first time I met him, everybody seemed to think that he was crazy and very dangerous. However, I was fascinated【to attract and interest you very much】 with him and gradually a new friendship was born between us. It all began on the day I visited a yacht in Newport Harbor.
□A friend of mine, Richard, owned the yacht. He and his wife had two female relatives staying with them during the summer. I wanted to drop by and say hello as Richard and I always had a good time fishing together, and I was interested in meeting the two women.
□As I approached the yacht, there was no sign of life and I guessed 【to give an answer or an opinion about something without definite knowledge about it】 that everyone had gone ashore. The yacht, however, was not completely empty. I noticed 【to become aware of someone or something】 a little creature sitting on the deck, looking at me with suspicion and fear.
□I then realized 【to know or understand a particular fact or situation】 that something terrible had happened on the yacht before I arrived. The deck was covered with broken objects including a little house in which the creature seemed to have been kept.
□Suddenly it jumped through the air to a long, loose rope, and as it came near me, I could see that it was a monkey. He looked down at me as he swung back and forth, performing all kinds of acrobatics and gymnastics. It was really interesting to watch what he did on the swinging rope; I myself had practiced【to do something repeatedly to improve your skill】 gymnastics in school, so every least thing the monkey did in his performance had a very special appeal to me. I started talking to him in a gentle voice and told him of my great interest in his tricks, and asked him to show me some more.
□Like a circus star, he walked with perfect【as good as it could possibly be】 balance on the wire between the two masts, and then took a long jump toward me. Without hesitation, I extended my hand to help him and he sat down beside me, watching every movement of my lips while I told him what a truly great artist he was. He moved onto my lap as if we had been friends for a very long time.
□Just then I heard noises behind us. Turning around, I saw a small boat coming toward us with Richard's wife and a policeman in the front. He was carrying a rifle and behind him sat two women nervously pointing at the yacht. As their boat came near the yacht, they began shouting【to say something loudly】at me, but I only half understood what they were saying. Once they were on board, the monkey became very excited and I soon understood what had happened on the yacht.
□Richard had received the monkey as a present, and they immediately became inseparable friends. Two days before, Richard had to go out of town on business and left the monkey in his wife's care. Separated from Richard, the monkey felt so lonely that he started breaking things, and when the women tried to stop him he attacked them. They fled in the small boat to get help from the police.
□After a heated discussion, I persuaded【to try to make someone do something by giving them good reasons for doing it】 the policeman not to shoot the monkey. I promised to take care of him until Richard returned; he could decide what should be done with his ‘crazy pet.’
□We left together in my boat while the three women and the policeman stayed behind on the yacht. The monkey gradually calmed down because there were no people around to upset him. My new friend sat quietly in front of me as we approached【to come near to someone or something】 the shore.
問１ What happened on the yacht before the writer visited?
① Someone cut the rope and let the monkey go.
② The monkey damaged things on deck.
③ The monkey fought with Richard's ‘crazy pet.’
④ The monkey played with the women.
問２ Why did “something terrible” (in the fourth paragraph) happen on the yacht?
① Because Richard's wife and his relatives left the monkey alone.
② Because the monkey felt abandoned【to leave someone or something you are responsible for permanently or for a long time】 by his owner.
③ Because the monkey lost his little house on deck.
④ Because the policeman tried to shoot the monkey.
問３ What was Richard doing on the day the writer visited?
① He was away on a business trip.
② He was fishing with his wife in the small boat.
③ He was reporting the monkey's behavior to the police.
④ He was visiting one of his old friends.
問４ Why did the writer go to the yacht?
① Because he had promised to go fishing with Richard.
② Because he wanted to play with Richard's pet.
③ Because he wanted to see Richard, his wife, and the two women.
④ Because he was going to take care of the monkey.
問５ What did the policeman do on the yacht?
① He helped the writer catch the monkey.
② He persuaded the women not to shoot the monkey.
③ He shot the monkey with his rifle.
④ He took part in a heated discussion.
問６ Why was the writer fascinated with the monkey?
① Because he had always loved monkeys.
② Because he wanted to keep the monkey as a pet.
③ Because he was interested in the monkey's tricks.
④ Because Richard wanted him to look after the monkey.
問７ What happened to the monkey at the end of the story?
① The monkey was left with the police for the moment.
② The monkey went to stay with the writer.
③ The writer had to look after him permanently.
④ They decided to give the monkey to the circus.
Ｂ 次の ①～⑩ のうちから本文の内容と合っているものを４つ選べ．ただし，解答の
順序は問わない．
① Richard and the writer became friends instantly.
② Richard and the writer shared an interest in fishing.
③ Richard had already told the writer about his pet.
④ The monkey learned how to move its lips.
⑤ The monkey was not used to living on boats.
⑥ The monkey was Richard's constant companion.
⑦ The policeman was ready to shoot the monkey.
⑧ The women on the yacht couldn't get along with the monkey.
⑨ The writer liked teaching animals all sorts of tricks.
⑩ The writer was scared when the monkey jumped at him.
□The first time I met him, everybody seemed to think that he was crazy and very dangerous. However, I was fascinated with him and gradually a new friendship was born between us. It all began on the day I visited a yacht in Newport Harbor.
□A friend of mine, Richard, owned the yacht. He and his wife had two female relatives staying with them during the summer. I wanted to drop by and say hello as Richard and I always had a good time fishing together, and I was interested in meeting the two women.
□As I approached the yacht, there was no sign of life and I guessed that everyone had gone ashore. The yacht, however, was not completely empty. I noticed a little creature sitting on the deck, looking at me with suspicion and fear.
□I then realized that something terrible had happened on the yacht before I arrived. The deck was covered with broken objects including a little house in which the creature seemed to have been kept.
□Suddenly it jumped through the air to a long, loose rope, and as it came near me, I could see that it was a monkey. He looked down at me as he swung back and forth, performing all kinds of acrobatics and gymnastics. It was really interesting to watch what he did on the swinging rope; I myself had practiced gymnastics in school, so every least thing the monkey did in his performance had a very special appeal to me. I started talking to him in a gentle voice and told him of my great interest in his tricks, and asked him to show me some more.
□Like a circus star, he walked with perfect balance on the wire between the two masts, and then took a long jump toward me. Without hesitation, I extended my hand to help him and he sat down beside me, watching every movement of my lips while I told him what a truly great artist he was. He moved onto my lap as if we had been friends for a very long time.
□Just then I heard noises behind us. Turning around, I saw a small boat coming toward us with Richard's wife and a policeman in the front. He was carrying a rifle and behind him sat two women nervously pointing at the yacht. As their boat came near the yacht, they began shouting at me, but I only half understood what they were saying. Once they were on board, the monkey became very excited and I soon understood what had happened on the yacht.
□Richard had received the monkey as a present, and they immediately became inseparable friends. Two days before, Richard had to go out of town on business and left the monkey in his wife's care. Separated from Richard, the monkey felt so lonely that he started breaking things, and when the women tried to stop him he attacked them. They fled in the small boat to get help from the police.
□After a heated discussion, I persuaded the policeman not to shoot the monkey. I promised to take care of him until Richard returned; he could decide what should be done with his ‘crazy pet.’
□We left together in my boat while the three women and the policeman stayed behind on the yacht. The monkey gradually calmed down because there were no people around to upset him. My new friend sat quietly in front of me as we approached the shore.
①guess【gés】(Ex:I *guess listening to the *boring *lecture made me tired.)
②realize【ríːəlàiz】(Ex:I came to *realize the need to *manage my time more *effectively.)
③persuade【pərswéid】(Ex:We tried to *persuade her not to *quit school, but our *efforts were in vain.)
④approach【əpróutʃ】(Ex:There were two *vehicles on the road *approaching the signal.）
(A)to know or understand a *particular fact or *situation
(B)to give an answer or an opinion about something without definite knowledge about it
(C)to come near to someone or something
(D)to try to make someone do something by giving them good reasons for doing it
①I gue------- listening to the boring lecture made me tired. 【to give an answer or an opinion about something without definite knowledge about it】
②I came to rea------- the need to manage my time more effectively. 【to know or understand a particular fact or situation】
③We tried to per------ her not to quit school, but our efforts were in vain. 【to try to make someone do something by giving them good reasons for doing it】
④There were two vehicles on the road app------- the signal. 【to come near to someone or something】
(1)(1)to ( )受けるsomething that is ( )提示された＝( )受け入れる
In *( ) a ( )正式の( )招待,
it is important to ( ) 応じるappropriately.
(2）to ( )something to someone or ( ) it ( )利用できるto them
＝( )提供する
Our ( )会社 *( ) our customers ( ) clothing
at ( )手頃なprices
(3）to ( ) 置くsomething in a ( )特定のplace ( ) people can see it easily
＝( )展示する
He is an artist ( ) paintings are *( ) in a ( )美術館 in Paris.
(4)to ( )形作る a picture of something ( ) your ( )
＝( )想像する
In an ( )ますます( )つながったworld, many people can't *( ) life ( ) the Internet.
(5)to ( )提供するsomething that is ( )＝( )満足させる
We cannot *( ) consumer ( )需要without ( )輸入する( )商品and services.
(6)to have a ( ) of great ( )尊敬for someone＝( )称賛する
Helen Keller, *( ) for her work ( )( )( ) …のためのpeople ( ) disabilities, visited Japan three times.
(7)to ( )増やす the ( )量or ( ) of something＝( )上げる
Dad, if my grades ( )良くなるby the end of the ( )学期,
would you ( ) *( ) my allowance?
(8)to ( )なる( )気づいている of someone or something＝( )気づく
Have you ever *( ) the different ( )やり方
people use to ( )( )対処するproblems?
(9)a large mass of land ( )囲まれた( )( )＝( )大陸
In the 1930s, flights ( ) the *( ) were not ( )一般的な.
(10)the ( )( ) someone is going to＝( )目的地
( )( )…のおかげでthe good ( )天気, we arrived at our *( ) an hour ( )( )( )予定より早く.
(11)the ( )一般的な( )印象that you have in a particular place
＝( )雰囲気
Many cafes try to ( )作る a ( )くつろげる*( )
( )( )～のように customers can enjoy their tea break.
(12)the ( )過程( ) making or ( )育てる something for sale
( ) large ( )量＝( )生産
( )( )…のためseasonable *( ) patterns,
the ( )大部分of Mexico's oranges arrive in the US market ( ) December ( )June.
(13)an ( )手配 to meet with someone at a particular time
＝( )予約
Did you ( ) the dentist and make an *( )
for the ( )治療?
(14)someone who has a ( )特定の( )能力 or who knows a lot about something＝( )専門家
In the past, the old ( ) to be ( )( )( ) …とみなす*( )
in ( )解決する( )さまざまなproblems in life.
(15)a person who ( )( ) you＝( )近所の人
I saw a cat sneaking into my *( ) yard.
(16)the ( )過程of building something ( )( ) …のようなhouses, bridges, roads etc.＝( )建設
The *( )( ) the new building is ( )( )進行中の.
(17)( )感じる( ) 喜んだand ( ) 満足したabout something that you have done＝( )誇らしい
Graduating from university is a ( )巨大な( )達成 and you should be *( ) of yourself.
(18)( )費用がかかるa lot of money＝( )高価な
Making ( )エネルギー-saving changes in the home can be *( ),
but it will ( )節約する your money in the ( )( )長期的には.
(19)not ( )存在する at a ( )通常の or ( ) 予想されるplace
＝( )欠席の
In my school, when a ( ) 正規のteacher is *( ), another teacher teaches the class ( )代わりに.
(20) ( ) the ( )能力to do something＝( )できる
( )( ) …によればthe newspaper, even a teenager is *( )( ) sailing a yacht around the world ( )ひとりで.
(21)to ( )許すsomeone to ( ) something＝( )許可する
Children ( ) six and under are not *( ) to use the swimming pool
( )～でなければ they are with an adult.
(22)to ( )( )( )参加するsomething＝( )参加する
The most important thing in the Olympics is ( ) to win ( ) to *( ).
(23)to be ( ) or ( )( ) someone＝( )魅力を持つ
Benjamin Day is remembered as a revolutionary ( )人物who showed that newspapers could *( ) to a mass ( )大衆.
(24)to ( ) something quickly＝( )振る
We nod our heads up-and-down for “yes” and *( ) them left-and-right for “no”.
(25)to ( )( ) to someone or something＝( )近づく
There were two ( )車両on the road *( ) the signal.
(26)to ( )調べる( ) things or people are ( )類似したor different
＝( )比較する
*( )( ) the same ( )期間last year,
( )工業の( )生産( )上がる by one percent this year.
(27)to ( ) someone about something in a ( )あり方that ( ) them understand it better＝( )説明する
The engineer *( ) how to ( )操作するthe sophisticated system.
(28)to ( )( )扱うsomeone or something in a particular way＝( )扱う
I am extremely ( ) of animals, and I can't ( ) 我慢するanyone
*( ) them with ( )残酷さ.
(29)the ( )感覚( ) good things will happen in the future
＝( )期待
It's quite hard for new companies to ( )( )( )応える customers' *( ).
(30)a ( )原因or an ( )説明for why something happens or why someone does something＝( )理由
The *( )I ( )( )( )( ) …とうまくやっていく
my best friend is that we have many things ( )( )共通の.
(31)difficult situations that ( ) you ( )( )不安な
＝( )圧力
We've been working ( ) so much *( ) lately in our office that we all need a holiday.
(32)the ( )地域 of a town that ( )囲むyour home
＝( )近所
The leaves in my *( )have recently ( ) yellow.
1990-(5)
□About fifteen hundred years ago the Japanese imported many aspects of Chinese culture:the writing system, political institutions, and perhaps most important, Buddhism. Buddhist priests were expected【to think that someone should do something】 to eat only vegetables, and tôfu, made from the soybean, was a very important food in their diet. When Buddhism was introduced from China, tôfu was also brought to Japan.
□Tôfu developed in different ways in China and Japan. While the Chinese often changed the taste of tôfu by mixing it with strongly-flavored vegetables or meat, the Japanese preferred to eat it using only a simple sauce. Even now, traditional Japanese cooking preserves【to keep something in its original state】 the original delicacy of tôfu, though the way it is served may change from season to season. In summer, for example, it is simply served cold, while in winter it is often eaten as part of a hot dish.
□The soybean was introduced to the West in the eighteenth century, but little interest was taken in it; only scientists recognized its high food value. During the Second World War, when meat was in short supply, the U.S. government encouraged【to suggest that someone does something】 the American people to eat soybean products. However, they never became very popular and, after the war, interest in them dropped off as the supply of meat became plentiful again.
□In recent years, people in the West have become increasingly aware of the dangers of eating too much animal fat, and as a result, they have turned more and more to soybean products. This is mainly because the soybean provides【to give something to someone or make it available to them】 almost the same food value as meat, and in addition is a lot more healthful. Much of the margarine, salad oil, and cooking oil in daily use is now produced from soybean oil. Tôfu, a representative soybean product and originally one of the main foods in the diet of Chinese priests, is considered to be one of the
healthiest foods available to man.
問１ Tôfu came to Japan together with Buddhism, because
① Buddhist priests ate tôfu rather than vegetables.
② it was a very important food in the diet of Buddhist priests.
③ the religion came to Japan together with political institutions.
④ the religion was the most important aspect of Chinese culture.
問２ Japanese tôfu dishes differ from Chinese tôfu dishes in that
① the original taste of tôfu is preserved in Japanese dishes.
② they are served the same way throughout the year.
③ they have a better taste than Chinese tôfu dishes.
④ they have a greater variety than Chinese tôfu dishes.
問３ During the Second World War the United States government encouraged the American people to eat soybean products because
① Americans recognized their high food value.
② little interest was taken in the soybean.
③ meat was less available than before.
④ they were found to taste very good.
問４ The reason people in the West have become more and more interested in tôfu and other soybean products is that
① eating too much animal fat is considered unhealthy.
② meat has become too expensive to buy.
③ these products are more readily available.
④ they have become tired of eating meat.
1990-(5)
□About fifteen hundred years ago the Japanese imported many aspects of Chinese culture:the writing system, political institutions, and perhaps most important, Buddhism. Buddhist priests were expected to eat only vegetables, and tôfu, made from the soybean, was a very important food in their diet. When Buddhism was introduced from China, tôfu was also brought to Japan.
□Tôfu developed in different ways in China and Japan. While the Chinese often changed the taste of tôfu by mixing it with strongly-flavored vegetables or meat, the Japanese preferred to eat it using only a simple sauce. Even now, traditional Japanese cooking preserves the original delicacy of tôfu, though the way it is served may change from season to season. In summer, for example, it is simply served cold, while in winter it is often eaten as part of a hot dish.
□The soybean was introduced to the West in the eighteenth century, but little interest was taken in it; only scientists recognized its high food value. During the Second World War, when meat was in short supply, the U.S. government encouraged the American people to eat soybean products. However, they never became very popular and, after the war, interest in them dropped off as the supply of meat became plentiful again.
□In recent years, people in the West have become increasingly aware of the dangers of eating too much animal fat, and as a result, they have turned more and more to soybean products. This is mainly because the soybean provides almost the same food value as meat, and in addition is a lot more healthful. Much of the margarine, salad oil, and cooking oil in daily use is now produced from soybean oil. Tôfu, a representative soybean product and originally one of the main foods in the diet of Chinese priests, is considered to be one of the healthiest foods available to man.
大学入学共通テスト 時間内で解ける力がつく英英直読英単語・熟語は、８００の例文と大学受験生向けに新作した８００の英英定義文の中に２０００語以上の共通テストのキーワードになる英単語・熟語を網羅的に組み込み、四択問題と英英挟み撃ち問題からなる練習問題にしました。以下は、高校教科書レベルの基本的な単語から大学入学共通テスト 時間内で解ける力がつく英英直読英単語・熟語と全く同じ形式で作成した練習問題です。 左ページ
①～④の単語に合致する(A)～(D)の英英定義を例文を参照して選んでください。 (1)
①enjoy【indʒɔ'i】(Ex:I *enjoy fishing every weekend.)(001)
②imagine【imǽdʒin】(Ex: In an *increasingly *connected world, many people can't *imagine life without the Internet.)(002)
③learn【lə'ːrn】(Ex:I *learned English from a Canadian teacher. )(003)
④join【dʒɔ'in】(Ex:When did Japan *join the United Nations?)(004)
(A)to form a picture of something in your mind
(B)to get pleasure from something
(C)to become a member of something such as a club, company, or other organization
(D)to get knowledge or skill in a particular subject or activity
(2)
①approach【əpróutʃ】(Ex: There were two *vehicles on the road *approaching the signal.) (005)
②travel【trǽvəl】(Ex: Sound *travels at different speeds, depending on the temperature of the air.)(006)
③deliver【dilívər】(Ex: Photographs will be *delivered within three business days.) (007)
④hit【hít】(Ex:She suddenly *hit me on the head.)(008)
(A)to bring your hand against someone or something quickly and hard
(B)to move closer to someone or something
(C)to go from one place to another
(D)to take something to the requested place
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(3)
①wear【wéər】(Ex: He always *wears black shirt.)(009)
②sleep【slíːp】(Ex: Fred was so excited that he couldn't *sleep.)(010)
③float【flóut】(Ex: Why do boats *float and rocks *sink? )(011)
④catch【kǽtʃ】(Ex: Learning how to *catch a football is an important football skill.)(012)
(A)to stay on the surface of a liquid without sinking
(B)to rest your mind and body with your eyes closed, usually while lying down
(C) to stop and hold something that is moving, especially in the hands
(D)to have something on your body
(4)
①destroy【distrɔ'i】(Ex: *Rainforests are likely to make more money if they are not *destroyed.)(013)
②escape【iskéip】(Ex: When *escaping from fires, smoke and gases should be *avoided.)(014)
③judge【dʒʌ'dʒ】(Ex: You should know better than to *judge by *appearance.)(015)
④notice 【nóutis】(Ex: I opened the door quietly so that the teacher wouldn't *notice me.)(016)
(A)to get away from a dangerous situation
(B)to break something down *completely
(C)to become *aware of someone or something
(D)to *form an *opinion about someone or something
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①～④の単語に合致する(A)～(D)の英英定義を例文を参照して選んでください。 (5)
①marry【mǽri】(Ex: She decided to *marry him.)(017)
②protect【prətékt】(Ex:Why should we *protect our environment? )(018)
③kick【kík】(Ex:She *kicked the door open. )(019)
④remember【rimémbər】(Ex:Do you *remember how we met?)(020)
(A)to hit someone or something with the foot
(B)to become the husband or wife of someone
(C)to keep someone or something safe from harm
(D)to have an image of someone or something in the past in your memory
(6)
①provide【prəváid】(Ex: Cows *provide us with milk.) (021)
②forget【fərgét】(Ex:I wrote down her name so I wouldn't *forget it. )(022)
③belong【bilɔ'ːŋ】(Ex: I used to *belong to the tennis club when I was a student.) (023)
④collect【kəlékt】(Ex:I didn't know you collected old coins. )(024)
(A)to be unable to remember
(B)to be a member of an organization
(C)to bring things together from different places
(D)to supply somebody with something
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①cancel【kǽnsəl】(Ex:How do I cancel my order? )(025)
②introduce【ìntrədjúːs】(Ex:She *introduced her daughter to me. )(026)
③exchange【ikstʃéindʒ】(Ex:Do you know how to *exchange business cards in Japan?)(027)
④lend【lénd】(Ex:Would you *lend me your dictionary?)(028)
(A)to say that an event that was planned will not now happen
(B)to give something and receive something else in return
(C)to allow someone to use something for a short time
(D)to bring one person to another person so that they can meet
(8)
①elect【ilékt】(Ex: Lincoln was the first member of the Republican Party elected to the presidency. )(029)
②invite【invɑ'it】(Ex: Thank you for *inviting me to your birthday party.)(030)
③sell【sél】(Ex:What is the quickest way to *sell a car?)(031)
④wait【wéit】(Ex:I'm sorry to have kept you *waiting.)(032)
(A)to stay in a particular place until someone arrives
(B)to give something in exchange for money
(C) to ask someone to come to an event
(D)to choose someone by voting
(9)
①discussion【diskʌ'ʃən】(We should avoid *discussion of religion and politics at the dinner table.)(033)
②background【bǽkgrɑùnd】(Ex:People from different *background gather in workplaces. )(034)
③advice【ædváis】(Ex: Her *advice is always helpful to me. )(035)
④elevator【éləvèitər】(Ex: In the event of fire, don't use the *elevator. )(036)
(A)an opinion that someone gives others about what they should do
(B)the type of career, training, or education that shapes somebody's life
(C)the process of talking about something important
(D)a machine that carries people and goods up and down in a building
(10)
①fashion【fǽʃən】(Ex:It is very expensive to keep up with the latest *fashions.)037)
②economy【ikɑ'nəmi】(Ex:Why is trade so important to Japan's *economy?)(038)
③gesture【dʒéstʃər】(Ex:Hand *gestures can mean very different things in different cultures.)(039)
④dream【dríːm】(Ex:What does it mean when you see fire in your *dream?)(040)
(A)the system by which a place's money and goods are made and used
(B)a series of events or images that happen in your mind when you are asleep
(C)the fact that something is popular at a particular time
(D)a movement of your body that communicates a feeling or instruction
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(11)
①imagination【imæ`dʒənéiʃən】(Ex:How does reading help children's *imagination?)(041)
②hobby【hɑ'bi】(Ex:My *hobby is taking pictures of wild animals.)(042)
③noise【nɔ'iz】(Ex:There was so much *noise in the classroom that Hisako could not make herself heard.)(2012センター)(043)
④means【míːnz】(Ex:The bus is the common *means of public transportation.)(044)
(A)an activity that someone does for pleasure in their free time
(B)the ability to create pictures or ideas in your mind
(C)a loud or unpleasant sound
(D)a way of doing or achieving something
(12)
①salary【sǽləri】(Ex:He was earning a large *salary when he retired.)(045)
②talent【tǽlənt】(Ex:He has a great *talent for music.)046)
③penalty【pénəlti】(Ex:There are severe *penalties in Japan for drinking and driving. )(047)
④rival【ráivəl】(Ex: Two *rivals have different policies on several key issues.)(048)
(A)a punishment for breaking a rule
(B)a person or thing that competes with another
(C)the money that a person receives each month or year from their job
(D)a natural skill or ability to do something well
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定義文を参考に例文を完成してください。定義文→例文の順で音読すると一層効果的です。
(033)We should avoid dis------- of religion and politics at the dinner table. 【the process of talking about something important】
(034)People from different bac------- gather in workplaces. 【the type of career, training, or education that shapes somebody's life】
(035) Her adv------- is always helpful to me. 【an opinion that someone gives others about what they should do】
(036)In the event of fire, don't use the ele------- . 【a machine that carries people and goods up and down in a building】
(037)It is very expensive to keep up with the latest fas------- 【the fact that something is popular at a particular time】
(038)Why is trade so important to Japan's eco------- ? 【the system by which a place's money and goods are made and used】
(039)Hand ges------- can mean very different things in different cultures. 【a movement of your body that communicates a feeling or instruction】
(040)What does it mean when you see fire in your dre------- ? 【a series of events or images that happen in your mind when you are asleep】
