Canadian Immigration Policy Review

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文-Canadian Immigration Policy Review。加拿大作为一个主要位于北美高海拔地区的国家，已经成功地吸引了来自世界各地的移民为其经济和社会建设服务。与美国不同的是，加拿大的气候比美国冷得多，人口也比我们少得多；然而，加拿大每年仍设法吸引数百名移民。尽管加拿大拥有丰富的自然资源和优越的地理位置（与美国接壤的邻国），但加拿大在吸引移民方面的成功与加拿大的移民政策和其他与移民有关的政策密不可分。本文旨在探讨加拿大的移民政策，特别是20世纪后时期的移民政策。加拿大是一个在经济发展方面非常依赖移民的国家。本文将探讨这些政策背后隐藏的吸引力，并分析政府实施这些政策的原因，以及它们给加拿大和加拿大社会带来了什么样的结果。务实的政策帮助加拿大保持了稳定的经济增长，在世界上树立了良好的声誉。

Canada, as a country which is located mainly in high altitude areas in North America, has been successfully attracting immigrants from all over the world to serve its economy and social construction. Unlike United States, Canada is much more freezing in terms of climate, and has a much smaller population than that of US; however, it still manages to attract hundreds of immigrants every year. Despite the country’s rich natural resources and outstanding geographical location (a bordering neighbor of U.S.), Canada’s success in immigration attraction has inseparable connections with Canada’s immigration policies and other policies related to immigration. This essay aims to discuss the immigration policies of Canada, especially during the post-20th Century period. Canada is a country which relies much on immigrants in terms of economic development. The essay will explore the attractions hidden behind these policies and analyze the reason they are carried out by the government and what results they have brought to Canada and Canadian society. The pragmatic policies have helped Canada to maintain a stable economic growth and created a good reputation in the world.

By the end of WWII, Canada had gained an autonomous status from the British Empire, despite full sovereignty still being held by the United Kingdom, it acted just as an independent state on its own. With the destruction of European Continent brought by the world, Canada witnessed a large wave of immigration from Europe, especially those of Britain, Ireland and France. These people, either serviceman or war refugees, were under great pressure in their former countries. The Canadian governments embraced these immigrants with great enthusiasm, passing the Immigration and Nationality Act in 1952, allowing the European immigrants to come in as long as they meet financial demand of the Canadian government, which means that they can feed themselves (Eckerson, 1958). Also, Canadian government welcomed the alien spouses and children of Canadian citizen and permanent residents as well, resulting in the large number of influx of women and children during the 1940s and 1950s. The demand for immigrants during this period had little to do with the following concerns in terms of economic growth or social development, the government and the Immigration and Nationality Act simply encouraged people to seek new homes in North America, since their old homes were destroyed during the war. It was estimated that among the nearly 1.5 million Canadian immigrants who moved to the country from 1946-1956 (Eckerson, 1956), nearly 40% of them were British, and the second largest group were French, followed by United States and other countries of Europe.

Despite welcoming the immigrants, the immigration policy of Canada still had very obvious preference over the nationality of the immigrants. The European and American immigrants, especially those from Britain, France and colonies of British Empire (Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, etc.), were given very casual conditions in terms of immigration (Parai, 1975); some even regulated that as long as they have enough funding to support themselves (among which a lot of them do), they can obtain the legitimate identity of Canada only after a short period of time. For the Asians, however, the policies are much stricter, as the Canadian government is unwilling to change the basic population character of the country. Only a few people from India, Punjab and Ceylon were admitted as citizens every year. The Chinese immigrants were also strictly handled during the 1940s and 1950s (Parai, 1975). It was not until 1960s did Canadian government adjusted its policy and weakened the preference over nationality when admitting immigrants, but that difference still exists today. Another factor which influenced Canada’s immigration policy was the hostile situation between West and East, also known as the Cold War, particularly during the 1940s and 1950s when the tensions were much heated. Immigrants and refugees from East Europe moved into Canada in escape of Soviet control and occupation. The first set of immigrants were Polish soldiers who were unable to go back to Poland because of Soviet occupation after the Great War, they went to Canada in large number in 1940s. Afterwards, in 1956, refugees of Hungary and Poland entered Canada again out of the anti-Soviet revolution in the two countries. During 1968 and 1969, approximately 12,000 Czechoslovakian refugees entered Canada to flee from the consequence of Prague Spring (Parai, 1975). Canada, as a member state of NATO, was pushed to stand on the frontier against Warsaw Pact states during the Cold War. Taking in refugees and deserters from East Europe is a unique war fought by Canada against the Soviets, and it had become a magnet for people behind the Iron Curtain who thirsted for life in the West.

The social and political attractions towards the immigrants to Canada can be thus attributed to the following issues: first, the immigration policy encourages the Europeans to move from their countries that were destroyed by the war into Canada, so that it will gain a large population growth; second, the immigration policy tolerates the political refugees from Soviet controlled area in Europe as a unique way to fight its own cold war. These two issues played a predominant role in Canada’s immigration policies during the 1940s and 1960s, and had to give way to economic concerns after 1960s, when the world entered the wave of the third Industrial Revolution and Canada gained its own independence.

The resurrection of Europe in 1950s and 1960s made European immigrants fall drastically among all immigrants in 1960s, along with the rise of status of Australia in Europeans’ mind in terms of immigration. In order not to jeopardize the population situation in Canada, the government adjusted its policy and allowed more people from Asia, Africa and United States to immigrate to Canada. Also, the government began to focus more on immigrants’ skills and education background so that they can provide valuable workforce to Canada’s economic development. But the assessment was not in a good order from the beginning, since the immigrants from Asia and Africa have generally lower capability in occupations than those from Europe. In 1967, the Canadian government issued a point system to determine the ones that can stay as qualified immigrants (Green & Green, 1999). The point items included educational background, occupational experiences and skills, age, reading and writing ability in English and French, relatives, etc. Among these factors, the most important ones have fallen on education and skills, which shows that the government is taking these two factors as the prior conditions before immigrants can come to Canada.

Also, after the elimination of ethnical and racial discrimination in immigration policies, some groups that were considered unwelcomed in Canada had gained much better conditions both in their lives in Canada and potential immigration opportunities to Canada. The Italians were one of the most typical kinds that got benefit from this shift. Actually, the Italians were able to immigrate to Canada right after the Depression took place in United States and Europe, but their status was not taken as important as the British and the Americans, given the fact that they were not Anglo-Saxons that formed the majority of Canada’s occupation. After World War II, a large bulk of Italian migrated into Canada, while the Canadian government still viewed them discriminately from the Anglo-Saxons; they nonetheless took a pragmatic attitude since there was a shortage of workforce in Canada at that time, and that Italians could compensate the lack to a large extent. In 1949, the deputy minister of immigration of Canada even toured Italy and reached an agreement in 1950 with the Italian government, so that “bulks” of Italian immigrant workers along with their families are sent to Canada to help the local economy, mainly the construction of the two main railway programs across Canada (Iacovetta, 1991). In addition, entrepreneurs, or business immigrants, became a new growing point in Canadian immigration in 1978. The decision was made upon various situations at that time—first, there were insufficient skilled workers coming to Canada after 1970s, which was essential for the further development of the country; second, the total number of immigrants declined during 1974 and 1978, causing a shortage of manpower once again in the country (Green & Green, 1999); third, under the influence brought by the recession in 1974, Canada’s economic pace went slow and suffered from downturn. All these issues brought the government to issue the permission of business immigration, which allows businessmen coming into the country and start their own business, so that they could bring in funds, create jobs and bring more opportunities to the society (Harrison, 1996).

To sum up the economic predominant immigration policy after 1960s, we can see that Canada adjusted its immigration policy to keep its attraction towards potential immigrants in two ways: one is that the Canadian government abandons the discrimination imposed upon Asians, Africans and non-Anglo Saxon Caucasians, expanding the admission range to a wider extend; the other is that it takes a pragmatic strategy in accepting the immigrants, they could see clearly the most needed group of the society and brought them to Canada, such as the Italians and the business immigrants mentioned above. These strategies helped Canada to overcome the influence of several economic recessions in the 20th century, while maintaining its status in attracting immigrants, even compared to Australia and other new preferred immigration destinations.

After 1990s, the Canadian government abandoned the “absorption capacity” which had always been in its immigration policy, indicating that it does not see immigrants as an essential way to keep its own population to a stable figure (Sweetman & Warman, 2013). Also, the government is restricting the number of business immigration to control the domestic demographic structure in prevention of possible conflict between different social classes of the country. The immigrants have played a special role in Canada’s development after the World War II; while it stays out of the main conflicts between superpowers of the world, it maintained a rather stable economic growth and gained precious opportunities brought by immigrants from all over the world. Canada had not only become a successful, developed entity of the world, but also a country which holds good reputations in the world, and there are many potential immigrants waiting to go into Canada even today. All these achievements have inseparable connections with the successful adjustments of Canada’s immigration policy: it welcomes the skilled, educated workforce from the entire world to settle down, while also absorbing funds and investments to make profits for its citizens. The pragmatic immigration policies will keep benefiting Canada and its people in the new era of globalization.

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Essay writing skills and writing experience sharing

Essay代写团队51due将为你分享essay写作技能，帮助你写出更好essay。
Essay 由 introduction，body, conclusion, reference四部分组成，我们Essay 代写网以下面以这篇文章为例，教你如何写作一篇符合格式的essay全文统一用times new roman字体，小四，1.5倍行距。

一、Essay 是理论性较强的论文，通常情况下，一定用第3人称，禁止出现“I”，“we” “our”， “you”, “your”这些第一,二人称字样，注意语言措辞，多用些副词。为了避免使用 第一人称，某些地方可以用被动语态或其他句型代替。
内容方面：
1， 由于essay理论性较强，请用相关例子来支撑论点，避免空谈理论
2， 在叙述完了理论之后，请一定要对理论进行评论，体现作者的critical thinking
3，请多用的数据和图表，使用数据图表时请附上reference表明出处。
Start getting your online academic help earnings todayIntroduction （essay的introduction只有一段，但由两部分内容组成。蓝色字体的地方是introduction的第一部分， 它相当于一个开篇，引出Essay代写这篇essay的主旨。然后从this essay will开始是introduction的第二部分，介绍本文结构，不要再用the structure is like this这样的语句了，比较chinglish。介绍结构请统一用将来时态）
Since the setting up of the first factories in the late eighteenth century, management had become a problem seriously affecting the factories’ production. Then, management was gradually recognised as an important element of the success or failure of a company. Until the nineteenth century, the systematic and scientific management theory came out with its leading thinkers, two of whom were well known as Frederick W. Taylor and Elton Mayo. Both Taylor and Mayo stated the importance of the productivity and cooperation between managers and workers. This essay will firstly discuss these similarities in their different management theories and how they relate to each other. Following this, it will explain the differences of the two theories concerning the consideration of the human beings during management. Finally, it will look at how the two theories affect the feeling of workers and support increasing the productivity and maximizing the efficiency.
（Introduction之后body，把文章分成几大部分讨论，每一个板块写一个小标题，加粗）
Similarities and relations in management theories of Taylor and Mayo
Although Taylor and Mayo have different management theories, they both aim to make workers more productive and efficient during the management. Taylor, the founder of the movement known as ‘scientific management’, states ‘The principal object of management should be to secure the maximum prosperity for the employer, coupled with the maximum prosperity for the employee’ (Taylor, 1947, p.36). According to this, workers should be trained as ‘first-class’ and follow the methods of the work which managers have carefully analysed and set up. Workers are not responsible to think about the way of doing the work, and they just do what managers
Start getting your online academic help earnings today tell them to, and that makes them more productive, which is the aim of work. Taylor is much concerned about increasing the output of the production systematically and scientifically and at the meantime decreasing the cost per output. Taylor (1947) believed that by scientifically selecting them, workers would possess the physical and intellectual qualities to enable them to get work done systematically and efficiently and consequently achieve the output. Similarly, Elton Mayo also pays much attention to productivity and efficiency. Mayo (1933) introduced rest pauses as one technique and explained its importance for accomplishing work productively. The rest periods eliminate the monotony of the work, which can lead to ‘pessimistic reveries’ (p.59). Workers could re-participate into the task fast due to the relief of postural fatigue and impaired circulation during the rest pauses. Generally speaking, both Taylor and Mayo treated labor as the main sour

二、怎样用昵称
1， 在essay 里，你不能用第一人称，比如：I，me，mine，my(我）这些你要是一用，就是扣分。
2， we（我们）这只有在指很大一个数不清的集体的时候可以用，比如 ：our humans 我们人类，这样的可以用。要是只是指你和你朋友我们，那样的话不行。
3， essay里一定不能有私人用语，比如 stuff 东西，这种说法感觉太私人。
4， essay 里的语句一定要很肯定，不能含糊，比如：she is like friendly towards him. 她好像对他很友好。 句子用了 ‘好像’，这就是不肯定。
5， essay里的段落一定要有顺序，每个段落里都要先有开头句topic sentence（一个话题），然后支撑句 support sentence， 结合句 linking sentence，总结句conclusion
6， 段落里一定要赞成主题的题目，不能跑题
7， essay 里不能写缩写字，比如 cause，because 的缩写，不能有
三、如何写Essay；简易十步法
"Half my life is an act of revision."--- John Irving(美国著名近代作家)
写一篇文章如此费神的原因是什么？学写作可能是一个令人发狂的过程，但是如果你知道步骤并且明白怎么做，写作也可以是简单有趣的。
GreatEssay机构专家提出一个:“简易十步法”教申请留学的学生怎样去写作。

四、简述ESSAY写作的十大步骤
本文将对essay写作的十步骤依次做简要阐述。你可以选择相关链接，对某一具体步骤进行深入了解。也可以利用左边的蓝色导航条，浏览全部写作步骤。阅读时，你可以按照先后顺序依次浏览，就如同正在构思一篇essay，我们essay代写认为你也可以就某一步骤深入挖掘。
1、研究题目 Research ：写作一篇essay时，应从研究题目开始入手，让你自己变成一个专家。充分利用网络、学术数据库以及图书馆。做好笔记，让自己沉浸在大师们的思考和言论之中。
2、分析评论 Analysis ：现在，你拥有了很好的知识基础。你可以试着对文章评论进行分析。清楚地定义争论所在， 列出原因和论据，寻找出逻辑上的不足和优势。要学会写essay，就必须从学会分析他人的文章开始。
3、头脑风暴 Brainstorming ：你的essay必须具备你自己的观点，这才是真正的亮点。多问自己几个为什么，可以握着笔沉思，或者一边散步一边思考，直到你想出关于写作的创意为止。
4、提炼论点 Thesis ：选出你最棒的观点，用清楚地语言表述出来，作为整篇essay的中心论点。你的论点就是你的中心思想，用一句简洁的话总结出来，让你的读者知道你想说什么。事实证明，没有明确的论点就不可能写出好的essay。
5、列出提纲 Outline ：在动笔之前先列出文章的大纲。用一行句子概括一个段落，点明该段落包含的要点内容。斟酌essay的行文布局，勾勒出文章结构，确保文章整体风格统一。
6、撰写简介 Introduction ：现在可以开始动笔了。简介必须抓住读者的眼球，抛出问题，逐渐引入你的论点。但简介只是为了将读者带入你的论述而准备的铺垫。
（注意：标题和第一段可以说是整篇essay中最重要的元素。这个观点在essay写作过程中几乎屡试不爽。读了你的第一段，读者要么就很感兴趣，要么就彻底丧失兴趣。当然，作为拿你报酬、教你写作的老师，无论如何都会拜读你的文章， 但在现实世界中，读者们只要瞄一眼你的标题就会决定要不要继续看下去。
7、撰写段落Paragraphs: 每个人应该专注于自己一个想法，支持你的论文。 以段落主题句开始，加上证据支持的说法，并以最清晰，最明智的方式阐述，您尽您的能力表达您想法。 您是在对坐在你面前读者的发言。换言之，您谈的是文章感受，而不仅仅是写文章。
8、一语中的Conclusion: 优雅地退出并快速地用一句话总结你的文章，然后结束对一些值得纪念的思想的表达，也许是引文，或有趣且奇特的逻辑，或某些行动的呼吁。 为什么要让你的读者走开呢？让他或她知道下面继续的究竟是什么。
9、他山之石MLA Style: 根据您的文章引文正确的指导方向。 所有借来的想法和引用语，应当正确地引用在你的正文，然后用一个工程引用（引用了）页列出您的来源的详细信息。
10、咬文嚼字Language: 你不是写完了你的文章，直到纠正你的文法打磨你的语言，造句流，节奏，重点，调整的形式，给它一个冷静的音调，并作出其他直观的编辑。你才算是写完了你的文章。 写一篇论文，很乏味，但你不可以贻误工作，将你留下一个开头然后把你的文章放在小时后再写。
大功告成。伟大的工作。现看看海明威 - 一个新的作家是时代来临！ （当然是虚构的作家海明威，而不是散文作家，但他知道如何写一篇好文章。）
51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明：原创优秀代写范文源自编辑创作，未经官方许可，网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为，未经同意的情况下，51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写、作业代写服务。
51due为留学生提供最好的作业代写服务，亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多代写范文提供作业代写服务，详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

How to overcome in-class essay

In-class essay是大部分留学生头痛的作业，尽管要求的essay字数不多，难度也不会是很大，但是却需要学生在极短的时间内完成，这主要就是考核学生平时的积累，所以对于这种临场发挥式的作业，大部分基础不是很好的学生常常分数不高。Essay代写专业团队51due将分享几个写作方法来帮助同学们更好的完成in-class essay。
准备随堂ESSAY最佳方式
一般来说有两种情况学生会知道将要有随堂essay：
1. 老师会直接告诉大家某节课上会有一个in class essay，而没有说了任何细节。学生不知道他们将写什么，essay的重点是什么。
2. 老师会给大家某个话题或者问题列表来指导大家来准备。
AcademicSaviour essay代写团队按照上面两种情况将要给出一些准备写随堂essay的建议。
准备那些“突然冲击”一样的随堂ESSAY
要是老师只说某天会有一个随堂essay，并且其他信息都没有透露，那么同学们需要动用所有能力试试预测可能的主题。下面我们就告诉你如何去提前进行猜题。
1. 观察一下老师讲课的喜好
学期刚开始的时候，同学们还没有时间来认识老师、TA教学方式以及TA在课堂上通常强调的内容。而如果已经到了期中时间，学生大概已经知道了老师的喜好。请不用误会，我们的意思不是说你们老师喜欢带哪种帽子或早餐喜欢吃啥。我们想让你们观察一下老师认为哪种话题或哪节课内容更重要，如此，按照老师个人的教学喜好随堂essay更容易出题。
比如，老师是否经常提醒同学们复习每章节后面的study questions？如果是这样的话，那么TA会从study questions其中选取几个，你们可以提前准备它们。或者说，老师不断地提到越南战争起因，那么有可能性这场战争的要素会出现在随堂essay问题中。
2. 需要复习所有的课程材料、课程提纲和课本
回顾一下学到课程的内容，并确认你有最近学过的主题列表。如果实在没有或想不起来，尽量去参考该单元的学习目的以及该课程的大纲。抓住时间在课本每个章节标明出重点，同时补充笔记其中的空白点。整理课程资料和笔记的过程在大程度上有助于随堂essay的应对。
如果已经知道随堂ESSAY的大概题目
经常老师会提前提供一些关于随堂essay写作的建议，甚至给同学们一种sample，同学们不用得意忘形。记得嘛，国内开卷考试的时候，即使把课本都给你了，你依然找不到如何下手？无论如何，写作准备环节无法落掉。
1. 仔细查看老师给出的SAMPLE
要记住，这个sample本质上就是随堂essay的要求，以此老师想告诉你大概要去怎么写。请注意题目中的动词：同学们应该discuss, compare, summarize 或者explain? 从3个问题需要抽出两个写essay的话，只写一个意味着你们不会控制时间，写全部也表示同学们不懂写作的要求。
2. 一定要设置好时间
因为时间的关系，留学生经常不能写完随堂essay。如果一位同学知道完成一篇essay他们需要10分钟，而课堂上在写作过程已经过了9分钟还没写完，这意味着同学需要尽快一点。如何知道你们需要多长时间？下面的tip向大家解答。

3. 首先练习写一个类似ESSAY或者ESSAY 大纲
AcademicSaviour essay代写网建议，如果老师提前给同学们随堂essay的要求或题目列表，最好抓住任何机会来练习写作。随堂essay不仅要靠学生的知识积累，而也要察看他们如何管理自己的时间来解答一个问题。因此，尽量用每一个由老师提到的题目去撰写几个drafts，在此同时，essay写作思路会出现在脑袋里并在其收藏。这样一来，在课堂上开始写的时候，你们就能够节省时间，也肯定会慢慢应对essay。
51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明：原创优秀代写范文源自编辑创作，未经官方许可，网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为，未经同意的情况下，51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写、作业代写服务。
51due为留学生提供最好的作业代写服务，亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多代写范文提供作业代写服务，详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

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哈佛商学院大家都耳熟能详，作为全球最优秀的商学院之一，在对留学生的考核方面也分外严格，文书是重点考核之一。51due论文代写团队将为你分析哈佛商学院的essay并介绍一些essay写作技巧，让你也能写出优秀的essay。
把大学规定的TOPIC做一个简单的归纳，会发现除了少数几个学校的Essay话题稍显另类之外，其他大部分学校一般都会提出或者涉及如下几类Essay要求：回忆类，描述你的成长经历，自省类，启发类，憧憬类等等。下面做一下简单的举例：
1.评价你的一个重要经历、成就、风险决定、或者你曾面对的两难选择的经历，并评价对你造成的影响。英文原文是：Evaluate a significant experience, achievement, risk you have taken, or ethical dilemma you have faced and its impact on you.
2.讨论某个个人的、地区性的、国家性的、或国际性的关注话题以及对你的重要性。英文原文是：Discuss some issue of personal, local, national, or international concern and its importance to you.
3.说明一个对你有重要影响的人并描述对你的影响。英文原文是：Indicate a person who has had a significant influence on you, and describe that influence.
4.描述一个影响你的人物并说明对你的影响，该人物可以是小说中的、历史中的、或者某创新性作品(比如在艺术、音乐、科学等方面)中的。英文原文是：Describe a character in fiction, a historical figure, or a creative work (as in art, music, science, etc.) that has had an influence on you, and explain that influence.
5.一系列诸如学术兴趣、个人前途、生活经历等能够显著增添教育多样性的事情。结合你个人的背景，描述一个可以说明你将会带给大学社区的多元化带来何种贡献的经历，或者一个表明多元化对你有重要意义的经历。英文原文是：A range of academic interests, personal perspectives, and life experiences adds much to the educational mix. Given your personal background, describe an experience that illustrates what you would bring to the diversity in a college community, or an encounter that demonstrated the importance of diversity to you.
6.题目自拟
A.　下面是一篇哈佛大学优秀essay原文及解析：
“Growing Up”
I’m short. I’m five foot five – well, five foot six if I want to impress someone. If the average height of American men is five foot ten, that means I’m nearly half a foot shorter than the average Joe out there. And then there are the basketball players. My height has always been something that’s set me apart; it’s helped define me. It’s just that as long as I can remember, I haven’t liked the definition very much. Every Sunday in grade school my dad and I would watch ESPN Primetime Football. Playing with friends at home, I always imagined the booming ESPN voice of Chris Berman giving the play-by-play of our street football games. But no matter how well I performed at home with friends, during school recess the stigma of “short kid” stuck with me while choosing teams.
开头简单明了，吸引人。谈身高很矮曾经使他被伙伴排除在外;谈到自己喜欢看ESPN的节目，并谈到自己曾经想象着ESPN的解说员Chris Berman能给他和伙伴的足球比赛来一次现场解说。也说到即便自己足球的表现很优秀，在校队选队员的时候，他也还是被贴上“小个子”的标签。对自己的情况有认知，有小孩天马行空的想法。令人耳熟能详的ESPN和解说员Chris Berman也容易引起读者的共鸣。
Still concerned as senior year rolled along, I visited a growth specialist. Pacing the exam room in a shaky, elliptical orbit worried, “What if I’ve stopped growing? Will my social status forever be marked by my shortness?” In a grade school dream, I imagined Chris “ESPN” Berman’s voice as he analyzed the fantastic catch I had made for a touchdown when – with a start – the doctor strode in. damp with nervous sweat, I sat quietly with my mom as he showed us the X-ray taken of my hand. The bones in my seventeen-year-old body had matured. I would not grow any more. Whoa. I clenched the steering wheel in frustration as I drove home. What good were my grades and “college transcript” achievements when even my friends poked fun of the short kid? What good was it to pray, or to genuinely live a life of love? No matter how many Taekwondo medals I had won, could I ever be considered truly athletic in a wiry, five foot five frame? I could be dark and handsome, but could I ever be the “tall” in “tall, dark and handsome”? All I wanted was someone special to look up into my eyes; all I wanted was someone to ask, “Could you reach that for me?” 讲述自己去检查身体的过程，提出“如果我不能长高可怎么办”，然后马上列出自己的一个想象：由于有优势的身高，完成了完美的接球。然后突然转折，说到自己得知再也不会长高。I clenched the steering wheel in frustration as I drove home.这句话也让人仿佛看到shim沮丧的样子。他觉得如果自己无法再长高，那即便自己再成功，又有什么意义呢?读到这，读者就很想知道，接下来shim的这些疑问是怎么解答的。
It’s been hard to deal with. I haven’t answered all those questions, but I have learned that height isn’t all it’s made out to be. I ‘d rather be a shorter, compassionate person than a tall tyrant. I can be a giant in so many other ways: intellectually, spiritually and emotionally.
Shim没有直接回答上面提出的问题，但是他得出了自己的结论，也许自己身高不可能再长高，但是他可以成为知识的巨人、精神上的巨人或感情上的巨人。
I’ve ironically grown taller from being short. It’s enriched my life. Being short has certainly had its advantages. During elementary school in earthquake-prone California for example, my teachers constantly praised my “duck and cover” skills. The school budget was tight and the desks were so small an occasional limb could always be seen sticking out. Yet Chris Shim, “blessed” in height, always managed to squeeze himself into a compact and safe fetal position. The same quality has paid off in hide-and-go-seek. (I’m the unofficial champion on my block.）
这段讲到shim发现其实矮也有矮的好。比如，在地震的时候，他可以灵活自如的躲到别人躲不进去的桌子下面，而且在社区里，他也是捉迷藏时的“非正式冠军”。他用这种看上去有些自嘲的方式展示了自己的乐观积极。值得一提的是，shim还提到The school budget was tight and the desks were so small 这种非常细节的信息，非常有趣幽默。
Lincoln once debated with Senator Stephen A. Douglas – a magnificent orator, nationally recognized as the leader of the Democratic Party of 1858… and barely five feet four inches tall. It seems silly, but standing on the floor of the Senate last year I remembered Senator Douglas and imagined that I would one day debate with a 4 future president. (It helped to have a tall, lanky, bearded man with a stove-top hat talk with me that afternoon.) But I could just as easily become an astronaut, if not for my childlike, gaping-mouth-eyes-straining wonderment of the stars, then maybe in the hope of growing a few inches (the spine spontaneously expands in the absence of gravity). 主要讲述自己在政治上和天文上的兴趣，同样描写生动的细节。
Even at five feet, six inches, the actor Dustin Hoffman held his own against Tome Cruise in the movie Rainman and went on to win his second Academy Award for Best Actor. Michael J. Fox (5’5”) constantly uses taller actors to his comedic advantage. Height has enhanced the athleticism of “Muggsy” Bogues, the shortest player in the history of the NBA at five foot three. He’s used that edge to lead his basketball team in steals (they don’t call him “Muggsy” for nothing). Their height has put no limits to their work in the arts or athletics. Neither will mine.
shim列举了两个很成功的“矮个子”的成功人士，一方面表明他用这些人物来激励自己，二是他似乎让我们看到了他未来的样子。
I’m five foot five. I’ve struggled with it at times, but I’ve realized that being five-five can’t stop me from joining the Senate. It won’t stem my dream of becoming an astronaut (I even have the application from NASA). My height can’t prevent me from directing a movie and excelling in Taekwondo (or even basketball). At five foot five I can laugh, jump, run, dance, write, paint, help, volunteer, pray, love and cry. I can break 100 in bowling. I can sing along to Nat King Cole. I can recite Audrey Hepburn’s lines from Breakfast at Tiffany’s. I can run the mile in under six minutes, dance like a wild monkey and be hopelessly wrapped up in a good book (though I have yet to master the ability to do it all at once). I’ve learned that my height, even as a defining characteristic, is only a part of the whole. It won’t limit me. Besides, this way I’ll never outgrow my favorite sweater.
他曾经因为自己的身高而困扰，但是他现在意识到身高的问题不会阻挡他的任何一个愿望和理想，身高只是生命和生活的一小部分而已。在结尾，shim也没有抒情或者使用假大空的句式，一句简单的Besides, this way I’ll never outgrow my favorite sweater.将他幽默风趣的性格特点展示地淋漓尽致，引人会心一笑。
《长大》这篇essay形式上讨论了申请者(Shim)的身高问题和性格特点，事实上深度挖掘了以上两点对其人生的影响。Shim的写作方式让读者感受到身高给他带来的挫败感，在他与家人、朋友和同龄人的相处中，这个身体上的特点对他看待自己的方式上起了至关重要的作用。这篇essay成功主要是因为其坦诚、直接和切中要害的特点。文章的开头“我很矮”很清晰的向读者传递了文章的主旨信息。随着文章的继续，shim表露了他的内心感受和很多愿望，他让我们切身感受到他在得知自己再也不会长高时那一刻的心情，读者仿佛在一段旅程中了解到shim的变化。身材矮小塑造影响了shim的世界观，并且没有削弱他追求自己目标的信念。他能意识到身材矮小的优劣势，最可贵的是，他能用一种非常有深度的方式将 这些优劣势表达清楚。此外，这篇essay不仅让我们看到shim对于身材矮小的一些想法，重要的是，他让我们看到了他在政治、太空探索、体育和艺术等多方面的兴趣。Shim并没直说他的身高如何没有限制他，但是他用事实来说明了他的身高为何没有限制他。
B.2013年，哈佛商学院文书的题目如下：
You're applying to Harvard Business School. We can see your resume, school transcripts, extra-curricular activities, awards, post-MBA career goals, test scores and what your recommenders have to say about you. What else would you like us to know as we consider your candidacy? (No word limit)
你正在申请哈佛商学院。我们可以看到你的简历、学校成绩单、课外活动、奖项、工商管理硕士职业目标、考试分数和你的推荐者所说的关于你的事。那么，作为候选人，你还有什么是希望我们知道的？(无字数限制)
也就是说，在你的文书中不能出现任何材料中已经提及的经历或过去，而是需要通过这篇文书补充一些招生官不了解的事情。那么该写些什么？如何去写？不妨让我们来看一篇范文。
What else would I like you to know?
I am who I am today mostly because of my brother [name]. [name] was born when I was four years old, and he had an extremely rare birth defect called Robert's Syndrome. At the time, he was one of a handful in the world to have it. He was born without arms, couldn't walk or talk, and had many other severe physical and mental defects. It was a complete shock to my parents. He was only expected to live for a day or two, but after a few weeks in the hospital he was healthy enough to come home with us. I was too young to really understand what was going on; I was just excited to have a brother. 
[name] was a full-time job for us. For his entire life he was incapable of doing anything for himself. My parents and I didn't have much, but we did have an amazing family and group of friends to support us. We couldn't have taken care of [name] without all of them, and seeing this level of sacrifice from so many people had a huge impact on me. No one ever complained. No one ever hesitated. We just did what we had to, and I saw first-hand at a young age how important it is to work together and help those around you. And our family (extended included), became so much closer because of how we came together for [name], and that closeness still holds today. 
[name] ended up living for about four years, and I'm so grateful for the lessons I learned from him. My generosity, kindness, team work, and independence, come directly from him being in my life. And learning to deal with that level of stress and responsibility made me a much, much stronger person than I would have been without. 
So my family and I have carried [name]'s memory with us since he passed in the form of giving to others. About ten years ago, we started a charity called [institution], whose purpose is to supply beds and bedding to children in our area who are without. The thought was that [name] spent most of his life in bed, and if we hadn't had a decent one for him his life would have been so uncomfortable. As of this year, we have supplied almost [number] kids with mattresses, blankets, and stuffed animals, and each year we are able to help more and more children.
This mentality of service has been a big part of my life since we started [institution], and as I got older I wanted to start branching out to new service opportunities. And let me tell you, [city] has been a great place to start. This city has made a serious impression on me. Anyone who's from here either loves it or hates it, but either way, [city] is the kind of place that defines a person. [city] is the underdog, full of unrealized potential. Living in a place like this has opened my eyes to the heartache of missed opportunities (not even mentioning our sports teams…), and it's because of this that I've become so involved in the community. I've been able to work with so many very smart, driven people, and together we've done a lot to make a positive impact. My work with the [institution] has allowed me to help raise over [number] for small, local NFPs, and my work with the [institution] has complemented that with a more hands-on, service based focus. And being a Big Brother through [institution] has allowed me to make a lasting, consistent impact in a more focused way. 
All of these, together with working for a commercial bank, have given me a very satisfying life balance. I'm able to do so many things, and able to make a tangible impact in each of them. But sometimes I do so much that I don't take the time to stop and look around – to process what's happening. This was missing in my life. I know that the path I'd been taking was the right one for me, I'd just never truly felt ready to move on to the next phase. 
This changed this past summer when I did my first [event]. If you're not familiar with this, it's a [number] mile swim followed by a [number] mile bike and then a [number] mile run. Still seems nuts to me. I'd never done a triathlon of any kind before I signed up for this, but was so overwhelmed by watching my friend compete in the same one the year before. I'll never forget the moment: I was watching a quadriplegic go up the final – and largest – hill in his wheelchair, sweating, grunting, and crying. And finishing. I'm pretty sure everyone watching that was crying; it was one of the most moving things I'd ever seen. So I signed up. 
Training for this requires a serious amount of time, most of which you're alone with your thoughts (no music allowed during the race, so you train without). Eight hours biking, five running, and two swimming, each week for seven months, is so mentally taxing, and your mind goes to some new places. I started reflecting a lot, and really began to understand the choices I've made and the impact they've had. I thought a lot about where I was in life, why I was there, and what I would have done differently along the way. I thought about what I wanted for my future, not just career-wise, but in order to be happy. And it's not so much that my views changed from this experience, but I feel like I've gained a new level of clarity. I'm much more confident in my life goals, and can pursue them with pride and conviction. 
I'm now ready to move on to the next phase of my life, and am very excited to do so. 
这篇范文出自2014年的一位申请者，essay题目叫做《The Giver》，通读全文你会发现这篇essay遣词造句出人意料的简单朴实，高中生也能毫无障碍地看懂，但是却成功入选HBS“essay写作指导”的最佳范文之一，为什么呢？
首先，文章情感表达的真实感人，每段衔接的非常自然，语言朴实地道，不露声色的回答了why MBA, why now。
其次，哈佛商学院“essay写作指导”的编辑是这样评价的：这是一个关于某人的人生轨迹如何被自己兄弟出生而影响的事件，事件本身就很有意义。而且，这件事改变了作者对待社会对待他人的方式，甚至改变了他的信仰，这种影响力是强大的。而能够用简单清晰的方式表达出这种强大的文章就是powerful essay 。
每篇powerful essay都需要做到的一点是“show who you are beyond your resume”——具体来说就是“你的重点是什么，生活中你想要做什么，什么事成就了现在的你，现在你为什么想做这件事”。
51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明：原创优秀代写范文源自编辑创作，未经官方许可，网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为，未经同意的情况下，51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写、作业代写服务。
51due为留学生提供最好的作业代写服务，亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多代写范文提供作业代写服务，详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

The difference between paper and essay

关于paper、essay、assignment三者的区别而言，paper是相对于正式一些。paper需要注意的写作格式，因此对于写手的要求也更高一些，所以paper代写机构在选择时需要更注意，51due专业论文代写团队能给你提供最好的服务。
下面提供一些比较好的paper题目集锦，是我们paper代写老师汇总的，留学生写作paper的朋友可以参考。
Controversial Topics
Abortion Rights Human Rights
Adoption Immigration
Advertising Ethics Internet Privacy
Affirmative Action Juvenile Offenders
Alcohol Landmines
Alternative Medicine Legalization of Marijuana
Animal Experimentation & Rights Legal Drinking Age
Anti-Semitism Media and Terrorism
Bioethics Media Images of Minorities
Biological Weapons Media in Wartime
Bilingual Education Media Violence
Business Ethics Medical Ethics
Capital Punishment Medical Malpractice
Censorship Mental Health
Civil Liberties & Anti-Terrorism Measures Minimum Wage
Child Abuse Middle East
Class Action Lawsuits National Security
Cloning Nuclear Waste
Crime Victims Nuclear Weapons
Corporate Corruption & Responsibility Nutrition
Death Penalty Prescription Drug Advertising
Domestic Violence Political Corruption
Driving Under the Influence Population
Drug Legalization Pornography
Eating Disorders Poverty
Endangered Species Prayer in Public Schools
Environment Prisons
Euthanasia Racism
Evolution Rape
Family Relations School Violence
Female Genital Mutilation School Dress Code
Foreign Aid School Reform
Free Speech Sex Education
Freedom of the Press Sexual Harassment
Gambling Smoking
Gangs Social Security
Gay Marriage and Parenting Stem Cell Research
Gay Rights Steroids
Gays in the Military Suicide
Genetic Engineering Teenage Pregnancy
Global Warming Terrorism
Globalization War
Gun Control Welfare
Hate Crimes Women’s Rights
Health Care Women In The Military
Home Schooling Working Mothers
Homelessness Workplace Violence
TERM PAPER范文：关于业务流程重组原理的思考
分析业务变更和业务流程重组的原则，以及它们与组织的关系
对组织中工作流模式和可用性测试的概念和应用的描述和评估
对您使用的三种建模工具的评价，以及通过建模练习测试拟议过程的证据。
在评估业务流程的有效性时要考虑的因素的列表和分析
在我们的学前教育中，我们每天都使用过程，并且总是希望改进我们的设置和测试过程。我们的学前教育使用商业变革来审视我们的处境，我们想去的地方，我们将如何到达那里，为什么我们要改变，我们需要什么措施才能取得成功。我现在正在完成一个SDP，SDP是学前教育未来一年的战略发展计划，我们来看看我们想在学前教育中实现什么，以及我们将如何实现它。看一个组织内的变革管理原则可以帮助你支持受变革影响的人们。在任何一种过程中，为了成功都必须使用通信。
业务流程再造是看你的员工，确保你的工作力量，优化资源，你有。重新设计的重新设计工作流程，在一个组织。当我们审视业务流程再造时，我们希望看到如何在最短的时间内完成所选择的任务，其中一个例子就是维护。在育儿的保障是最重要的与你所做的一切的过程中需要不断重新设计，由于电流的变化和立法，这方面的一个例子是，最近问父母在我们诞生起，也不求照片出现在社交媒体网站，由于儿童的身份被陶醉的许可或同意。然后，我们不得不重新设计我们目前的设施，以确保这一声明被用于保护儿童。
Produce a log or a reflective journal which shows:
An analysis of the principles of business change and business process re-engineering, and how they relate to your organisation
A description and evaluation of the concept and application of workflow patterns and usability testing in your organisation
An evaluation of three modelling tools used by you, and evidence of having tested a proposed processes through a modelling exercise
A list and analysis of factors to be taken into account when evaluating the effectiveness of business processes
Within our pre-school we use processes daily and are always looking to improve our setting and test processes. Business change is used within our pre-school to look at where we are, where we want to be, how we are going to get there, why we want to change and what measures will we need in order to succeed. I am in the process at present of completing an SDP, an SDP is a strategical development plan for the next coming year within pre-school, we look at what we want to achieve at pre-school and how we are going to achieve it. Looking at change management principles within an organisation can help you to support the people effected by change. During any kind of process communication must be used at all times in order to succeed.
Business process re-engineering is looking at your workforces and ensuring that your work force optimises the resources that you have available to you. Re-engineering is the redesigns of work flows within an organisation. When we look at business re-engineering we look to see how to get the chosen task done in the least amount of time, an example of this is Safeguarding. Safeguarding within childcare is paramount with everything you do the process constantly needs to re-engineered due to current changes and legislation, an example of this is, recently asking parents for permission or consent at our nativity play and also asking for no photos to appear on social media sites due to children's identities being revelled. We then had to re-engineer our current set up to ensure this announcement was put in to protect the children.
Business re-engineering is an important part of rethinking and redesigning during the business process. Business improvement looks at key areas for change such a performance and then sets about to take drastic measures to enhance, speed, profitability, training, cost control and efficiency are measured.
Workflow patterns are specialised forms of design pattern for different perspectives for process aware information systems. Work flow patterns can be described as independent, interdependent or sequential. A method that can be used for testing these patterns is through usability testing, using real users and being observed by a researcher to see where they encounter problems. Scenario testing is a type of testing that can be used to test a product or process to highlight any problems they may encounter, the advantage of using this type of testing is that its real people being used for real situations or tasks and feedback can be given before a process is put into place, an disadvantage of this is that it's not a true real life situation so would the feedback be any use to us. Another type of testing is hallway testing, using large places to set up and stop people asking them to give feedback on a product, this type of method has an advantage of the people being random so it's very real like and people are put on the spot which could usually be very helpful and should reveal the truth, gaining better results. A disadvantage of this type of testing is that people are usually in a rush and will not want to stop to give feedback, it becomes a hard method by trying to attract people's attention and get some results.
At pre-school I use usability testing by using trial periods of new business process ideas. When I first started at pre-school I changed the settings routine by adapting free flow play, we trialled it and spent a lot of time talking about it, looking at any weakness and talking about the benefits, the advantage of trial systems is that its testing the water before you make this change, it usually highlights any areas in need of tweaking. A disadvantage of this is that sometimes it takes time to see a huge problem and by then it is too late and in pre-school sometimes there is no room for error, an example of this could be getting the ratios wrong by trialling a new process if this happened we would be in big trouble and could cause unnecessary stress and accidents on children in the setting. In our setting with
Modelling types that I have used to look at business process and change are; brain storming and critical path an analysis. Brains storming allows a lot ideas to be involved when creating a change or business process and allows you to put down the unthinkable, however sometimes this creates a bigger picture that has more problems when we only need a quick brainstorm to address an idea or change.
A critical path allows help to plan all the tasks that must be completed as part of the process. An advantage of this is that it has clear steps and addresses the tasks that need to be achieved, although a disadvantage of this is that you have to complete the steps in order, so step 3 can't be completed before step 2.
There are many factors to consider when evaluating the effectiveness of a business processes. Are the processes more efficient and effective? Are they helping improve our organisations performance? Is it helping me be better connected with internal and internal customers and stakeholders? Is this new way more flexible and easier? Are the helping our business objectives?
PAPER代写网为你分享ESSAY范文：创造力与因果循环 CREATIVITY AND CAUSAL LOOP
什么是创造力？在课堂上，我们讨论了这个问题，我们了解到，研究者从天才和优秀人才的创造力的角度来研究创造力，而在过程取向的方法中，创造性被认为是一个可以获得和改进的思维过程的特性。通过教学和实践。创造力包括使用直觉、机智、洞察力，而不是缩小到“一个最好的决定”，它正在打开创造新的可能性、更多的选择、训练和经验的增长。在现代生活中，人们总是面临着工作中的问题，同时，由于工作经验和教育的需要，他们以创造性的方式来解决问题，因此他们需要以自己已经知道的方式去解决问题。
Part A
Introduction 简介
What is creativity? In class, we discussed this very question, and we learn that researchers studied creativity in the perspectives of creativity in geniuses and people with outstanding talents; while, on process-orientation approach, viewed creativity as a property of a thought process that can be acquired and improved through instruction and practice (Sulaiman，J., 2017). Creativity involves the use of intuition,ingenuity, insight, rather than narrowing down to“one best decision”,it is opening tocreate new possibilities, manyalternatives, outgrowth of training and experience. In modern life, people face problems in their jobs all the time,meanwhile, they lose their ability to solve the problems in creative ways due to the answers from work experiences and education that they need to solve the problems in the way they already knew. Those are the creativity blocks(Sulaiman，J., 2017). Creative block is your worst enemy, and it can come from almost anywhere. It caused the failure of creativity or innovation. We look at how to treat the problem areas, and get your ideas moving. So, when it comes to a problem that needs innovative solutions, most of us can’t really do a creative thinking, and furthermore to figure out a creative idea. To define whether an innovation is unsuccessful or failed, we need to figure out whether it provided a good influence on its user or make its innovator better in his health situation, reputation, wealth, or any other aspects in the time when the innovation has been created. In this paper, I will discuss the concepts, purpose and applications of the methods which were used in the creativity that is not successful.
Main Body 正文
As all we know, tire is an unmissable part of all kinds of vehicle, and vulcanized rubber is the basic material for the tire production. But to the innovator of this certain industrial material, Charles Goodyear (1800-1860),（Zumdahl, S.,&Zumdahl, S., 2014)to him, his innovation was not very successful: at his time, rubber is a material that is not stabilized when the temperature changed (Haven, K., and Berg, R., 1999). So Charles wanted to find a way to stabilize the rubber so it can endure the temperature changes while keep its shape (Hosler, D., Burkett, S. L., and Tarkanian, M. J, 1999). But without the help of specialized knowledge in science or chemistry, he was only able to try all the ingredient he could image, and spend massive time in his experiment (Iles, G., 1912). Although he finally figured out the right chemical process to produce stabilized rubber-vulcanized rubber, his innovation didn’t have a well-sold chance to him, and it actually “dead” at the investment and incubation approaches to creativity, since he was unable to afford the investment and he couldn’t payback the debts for the investment, so he hadbankruptcy and dead in prison at the end. Sadly, his name had been used by his debtors as the tire product brand to make and sell the tire and rubber products that had been innovated by Charles to become one of the top three tire brand all around the world after Charles dead. There are 5 types of creativity blocks in Charles’ case. 
1.Constancy blocks
Constancy blocks constrain the way problems are defined that define a problem in one way and pursue only that definition to reach a solution. In this case, at the time Charles had no idea on which receipt should be used to get rubber a stable status that allows the rubber to insist the temperature changes before its boiling spot, so he kept adding new ingredients into rubber to try his luck without certain planed ideas. He only had very a few number of solutions perceived to be relevant, so he could just try millions of receipts to find what he needed, which required plenty of time, money, technique, manpower, and passion (McGuinness,M., 2017). This type of block makes the biggest obstacle to the innovation activity especially when there is no clue of what should to be done, and this obstacle normally dedicated to whether a innovation can be successful or not at the end, since the innovator has no idea nor direction of how to get the answers, the innovator has totry just everything he/she could try, and by lucky, he/she can find a clue, and may or may not get the results they need. In a conclusion, this block is every innovator need to face and solve on the very most. Like if the direction is wrong, then no matter how much effort the innovator put into his experiment, he/she will not get what he seemed to. 
Practical Solutions:
Since Charles was not a chemist or a scientist, and what he desired to accomplish was fit in chemist or scientist’s job description, the specialized education in chemistry and science would probably the best shots to his dream. The knowledge in these science fields would help him to broad his view in solving creativity problems and shorting the whole processes of research and incubation in next step of creativity approaches.  
2.Mental obstacles constrain the way
In Charles ‘family, his father and grandfather were all famous innovator, so the light circles on their heads certainly made Charles a burden, that he must become someone successful in innovation creation. Charles was not a chemist or a scientist, If he don’t have this burden, then he may start his career in other field, like business, and may innovate something that suit the time and most important suit his characteristics, then he may get a better chance to have a successful life, live longer, and become richer. That’s why we can always see a poor kid get rich at end, but a rich kid gets poor finally. Burden makes people doing things they don’t want to do, and the thing may not be the right thing to do ('Charles Goodyear'. 2017). 
Practical Solutions:
This one is tricky. Normally it is hard to figure out the solutions by the people themselves, since it is related to psychological and mental status. But a lateral thinking may solve the problem (Cooper,B.B., 2014).
3.Poverty
Charles had used all his money and debts to innovate the vulcanized rubber, which but he can’t afford the scale of the investment, and at that time, he can’t get his investment back. In the time he created the vulcanized rubber, the rubber industry was struggled all around the world, due to the unstable status of rubber that become softer in warm weather and get harder in cold temperatures, in short, rubber has not been widely used in that time, nor customer-like product, so he hasn’t get investment repay quickly enough to pay back his debts. 
Practical Solutions:
Poverty is very hard to deal since there are a bunch of millionaires with a millions way to get rich, but there’s no such a way to extinguish poverty. Hard working on making money, saving money, and constraining the use of money only to those necessary spending may help a bit, but no promise. Stop the blinded business expending or investment, and make sure each penny spend on the investment are well-thought and wisely, then poverty may leave away. Those action are vital to improve the financial status of a innovator (Shoor,I., 2012).
4. Overload
Charles has faced various problems in various categories, like poverty, nine kids in house, law suits, debts, poor health status, and so on. It is important to solve the correct problem one by one in turns. If all these problems come together and all of those need to be solved at the same time, him would be overloaded for sure, and if overload happens, then his mental and physical ability to manipulate the problems is gone or almost gone (Goodyear, C. 1939). If he was not that high-pressured, he would figure out a better way to continue his innovation, a sustainable way that allows him to keep doing his innovation without go bankruptcy; or demonstrated it in another but suitable time, he may have a better situation. 
Practical Solutions:
We can always say “take easy, pal”. But when it comes to ourselves, we always try to believe that we are the superman who is unbeatable. So slow down, and deal with the problem one by one, otherwise, none (May,T., 2017).
5.Compression block
Charles is a hard-working guy, and he focused on how to keep doing something but looking too narrowly at a problem without take a deep look at whether the direction of for solving problems is suitable or not. This habit is good for people doing those work requires low level of creativity, like moving guy, or room cleaners. But for an innovator or scientist, critical thinking and research plan are the most crucial part that should have been done at the beginning of their hardworking, since all of those results are very likely unknown and unpredictable and need huge time consuming (Goins,J., 2017). To most innovators, time is the most valuable resources and a vital requirement to their innovations, because if others innovate something earlier than theirs, then their creative project may mean nothing at all, and all effort wasted. This block was exactly the one caused him misjudged in fund management and debts management, and this misjudgment made him go bankruptcy and had cost his life at the end.
Practical Solutions:
Thinking out of circle. Broaden the view of solving problems, and need to filter out inaccurate, misleading or irrelevant information, so the innovator can have less constrained and limitation on solving problems (Vengoechea,X., 2017).
Conclusion 结论
In a conclusion, we can see that if an innovation activity wanted to be successful at the end, the innovator need to conquer various type of creativity blocks, and by lucky, the customers like their innovations, his/her partners didn’t betray them, and finally, their innovation get successful. If any steps went wrong, then the result may have high possibility goes fail. A strong mind and consistency mental were usually required for the great innovators. After all, people usually don’t really know what they are doing, or what they are going to do next. With the right method to think through all the creativity blocks and their corresponding solutions, we can have a better chance to be finally accomplished. And if Charles could find the solutions for his creativity blocks, he may innovate an innovation that satisfy the requirements of its customers, and be a Thomas Alva Edison-like great innovator at that time. 
Part B
Explanation of future decision making of the QUINCE Company
In purpose to get a better and full understanding in the relationships between downsizing strategy and the financial pressures and therefore figure out a better solution to deal with financial woe in The QUINCE Company, we draw this casual loop diagram(Cuva,A ., 2015). In this diagram, the short-term-to-long-term consequences of downsizing causes by the financial pressure in the equipment service division of the company has been shown clearly, as same as the relationships between different variables in the loops (Businessclass, 2017). Since people of the service team and the finance teaminside the company held strong different views about their company’ strategies to deal with the financial troublethat whether downsizing strategy is the best way to deal with the crisis and further more, if the downsizing strategy is not the best solution, then which strategy/way should be chose to deal with the financial pressures currently that has been faced by the company (Sulaiman, J., 2017) The desire and urgency forced the administrators of the company must to find the appropriate way to conquer their financial crisis and hold the company together before all the company fall apart.   
In this diagram, the sign of the arrow (the “+" sign for same and meanwhile the “-” for opposite) indicates whether the variable increases or decreases relative to the other variables. The sign of the loop types(the “Rs” sign for the reinforcing feedback loop, and the “Bs” sign for the balancing feedback loop, and all balancing feedback loop are goal-seeking processes) (Kim, D. H., 1992).
There are two balancing feedback loop and two reinforcing feedback loop in this diagram. The balancing feedback loop B1 shows the short-term behavior of using downsizing to combat financial pressure. While the reinforcing feed back loop R1, in other hand, draws out the long-term consequences of this behavior, showing that it actually increases financial pressures (Researchgate,2017). The balancing feedback loop B2 shows the real relationship between service personnel and the profits (Betterlesson, 2017). The reinforcing feedback loop R2 shows the possible way to increase sales (that is the advertisement), and further more the relationships between advertisements and the sales. Inside the reinforcing loop R1, the arrows with “+”sign show the possible way to increase the service quality, and the service quality variable directly increase the sales and profits consequently, and release or even deal with the financial crisis finally. And the balancing feedback loop B2 shows the possible way to increase the sales directly while has an opposite (sign “-”) affect on the profits.  
The upper balancing feedback loop B1 shows the short-term behavior of downsizing without think the unintended consequences of this behavior. In short-term, downsizing strategy seems to improve profits by cutting the number of service personnel, which means fewer personnel costs and therefore fewer total costs, this consequence indeed seem to have higher profits correspondingly, and more profits to deal with financial pressure. In short-term, an increase in financial pressure directly makes the scale of downsizing of the equipment servicing division. An increase in downsizing of the division directly causes the decrease of the total number of the service personnel. A decrease in service personnel directly causes the decrease in workforce. A decrease in workforce causes decreases in service quality directly. A decrease in service quality causes directly in decreases in sales, and a decrease in sales causes the directly decreases in profits, and the decreases in profits make the financial pressure bigger directly. 
But in the long-term (which has been shown in the reinforcing feedback loop R1), since the downsizing strategy decreases the number of the service personnel in the service division, which the variable is directly related to the workforce variable, since the number of service personnel decreases, and so each service personnel remain need to perform more service, and therefore the service quality for each service job decreases, and the sales decreases due to the decreases in the service quality, since the quality usually related to the CORE VALUE of a company (D,S. J., 2000), and the core value is the value that customers clarify one brand to another. Since the sales decreases, the profits go down, and the financial pressure is still there and maybe become even worse. So it is obvious that the downsizing strategy should not be taken as a long-term strategy of the company in order to deal with their financial woe. In long-term (shown by Loop R1), service personnel increases the workforce of the division, and workforce is the basic variable for service quality, and service quality related directly to the sales and profits, and profits is the one that has a directly positive effect on releasing financial pressures. So in the long-term decision making, we need to find out a way to improve service quality, and more directly, if possible, increase the sales and profits directly. 
Archetype are useful for gaining insight into the “nature” of the underlying problem and for offering a basic structure or foundation upon which a model can be further developed and constructed. (Braun, W., 2002) The organizational archetype in QUINCE Company is a limit to growth archetype. Since in the CLD, we can easily identify that in the QUINCE Company there are the balancing feedback loops and the reinforcing feedback loops (systems-thinking.org, 2004). In this case, the company’s downsizing strategy swap outs service personnel, and in short-term it cuts the total costs of the business, but in long-term, it actually decreases the service quality, and service quality related to company’s reputation, and then decreases the sales and profits, and makes the financial woe worse. 
So, in order to improve the future decision making, there are two solutions. One is shown in reinforcing feedback loop R2, which shows the way that use the advertisement as a way to increase sales directly. The relationships between sales and the advertisement is in a positive reinforcing feedback loop (Clay,J., 2010). An increase in advertisement increases the sales directly, and an increase in sales increase the profits directly, and so release the financial pressure of the company; an increases in sales also increase the amount spend on the advertisement since the company sees the positive effects of the advertisement; the second way to deal with the financial pressure is providing professional training can increase the workforce of every single service personnel by improving their skills level which in fact is improving their efficiency in providing service and means in the same period of time, each service personnel can performing more times of services to their customers with a better service quality(Miller,M., 2017). An increase in workforce increases the service quality, and then follows the reinforcing feedback loop R1, and increases the profit, and releases the financial pressures at the end. In other way, an increase in advertisement increases the sales directly (shown in the reinforcing feedback loop R2). While the advertisement increases the costs, and the costs decreases the profits, and then follow the long-term loop R1 (Thwink.org,2017). Indeed, the personnel cost, professional skills training, the advertisement fees and any other possible and applicable costs increase the total costs, and the total costs decrease the profits, and the decreases in the profits increases the level of the financial pressures. 
In a conclusion, the administrators of the company need to make future decisions for the long-term profits which means they need focus on not only the short-term win or lose, or not even the short-term profits, but also and must to focus on the “bigger scale”, which means instead of just figuring out one small decision every single step in short-term strategies the company makes, they need to perform a critical and systematical decision making process that allows them to seeand get a clear idea about the whole picture of their own business (Systemsandus, 2007). First of all, they need to figure out what are their core values that keep the company steady in the professional business service, as well in their competitions in markets, and the core value is most like the “spare” of the company. In this case, their service quality is the most important,critical, and strategical business values to keep the company together. And the most of the most important part of this very business value is performed by the service personnel of the service division of the company. So instead of cutting off the positions of those very important personnel, the company should provide the professional skills training to improve the service team’s skills, and to sharp its “spare” and make it even more steady, and also, try as much as they can to keep all the positions inside the service division, that means increase the crews’ warfare, and give them more commitment, way of promotion, and a deep pride feeling about being the crew of the company. The company also need to see that the profits equal to the sales minus the all the possible costs, which refer to total costs (Spicar, R., 2014). Soonly perform a cutting in personnel costs may have a very limit effect tothe situation, and may not last long enough to release the real financial crisis, and the short-term decision may actually cut the very last chance of the long-term decision making, which is more important and vital to the biggest problem of the company it faced. And also, the solutions used to take care of the crisis themselves, may be problems also. Like the professional skills training, the advertisement fees, and the personnel costs in employees’ welfare, payments, and insurances are a heavy burden to keep important people, if the administrators can’t deal with the problems, then they will face new crisis related to the new solutions. If this happens, then the company would face a more complex problems, and no one could easily deal with it.
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