The Initiation of US Intervention in the 1890s: A Historical Analysis

下面51due教员组为大家整理一篇优秀的代写范文- The Initiation of US Intervention in the 1890s: A Historical Analysis，供大家参考学习。这篇文章讲述的是在1890年代的美国，工业化进程为该国带来了大量财富和繁荣。但是，仅美国的消费者市场规模不足以实现高效和现代的生产方式。开始寻找新市场，这要么是通过商业扩张，要么是军事干预。本文将通过分析两个主要的历史渊源将重点放在后者上。从最初的人道主义主义表达到仅仅一年后的狂热主义，通过比较这两个文件，美国政客和政府官员的思维方式发生了明显变化。
The Initiation of US Intervention in the 1890s: A Historical Analysis
Introduction

In the US of the 1890s, the process of industrialization had brought the country significant amounts of wealth and prosperity. However, the consumer market size of the US alone wasn’t big enough for the efficient and modern way of production. The search for the new markets began, which was either in the way of commercial expansion or military intervention. This essay will focus on the latter, by analyzing two primary sources of history. From the initial expressions of humanitarianism to the fanaticism just one year later, the changes in the mindset of the US politicians and government officials are clearly shown by the comparison of the two documents. Overall, the wars waged by the US in Cuba and the Philippines show the hypocrisy and arrogance of the US government, which may have severely damaged the national image of US in the third world.

Primary Source One

The initial intentions of US intervention may have been grounded in good intentions. The first primary source to be analyzed is the transcript of speech made by President William McKinley in 1898, on the issue of the liberation war of Cuba. The purpose of the speech is to seek support and authorization of the US Congress for the Cuban wars. In this speech, President McKinley established several grounds based on which he thought the US intervention in Cuba is indeed necessary. There are multiple moral appeals in his arguments, asserting the US the role of the savior and protector of the Cuban people. In addition, the adjacency of the crisis to US territory also justified the intervention (Cobbs Hoffman, Blum, & Gjerde, 2010, 100). Despite the respectful and objective tone, President fails to consider the consequences of this initiation. Without proper guidelines that restrict development of imperialism, things could easily go out of control, in a world yet to be stabilized. And they did.

Primary Source Two

The compassion for the foreign people was quickly replaced by the heat of nationalism. The second source is a continuation of the first, an essay written by Governor Theodore Roosevelt in 1899, praising the manly virtues of foreign intervention. Despite the same topic, the tone of Roosevelt is much more radical than that of McKinley. The essay was written to condemn those in opposition to the US intervention, calling them “the timid man, the lazy man, the man who distrusts his country, the over-civilized man, who has lost the great fighting, masterful virtues (Cobbs Hoffman, Blum, & Gjerde, 2010, 102).” In the time when there were heated domestic debates on the issue of US intervention, the essay served both as counterattack, and encouragement and agitation for the US people. It is noted that the people of real concern, those suffering from the wars in these foreign lands, were barely even mentioned by Roosevelt. The elements of humanitarianism, which were still detected in the speech by McKinley, was now completely gone, replaced by invalid logics and fanatic arguments.

Conclusion

There are many theories trying to explain why the US got itself involved in the unethical wars since the 1890s, many not even supported by its own people. The idea of “racial imperialism” proposed by Paul Kramer is one possible explanation (Cobbs Hoffman, Blum, & Gjerde, 2010, 110). The seemingly sense of justice and “responsibility” originates from the arrogance of some of the government officials, which then showed their sense of superiority in race and culture. Studying the historic period from now, it’s obvious that the US made the wrong choices and brought misery to the Philippines people. The past centuries in world history may have been dominated by the US, but the rise of Asian powers such as China and India may change the situation in the future. To continue to lead the world, the US government must learn from the historical mistakes, change the long-established self-centered mindset, and intervene in international disturbances in a more honorable manner.

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A Discussion of New Women in the United States

  下面51due教员组为大家整理一篇优秀的代写范文- A Discussion of New Women in the United States，供大家参考学习。这篇文章讲述的是美国最早的女权运动对美国社会以及全世界的女权运动产生了深远的影响。在本文中，将讨论美国新女性的含义及其成因。 新女性的含义意味着女性在社会中的新权利和地位。长期以来，妇女受妇女领域等传统观念的束缚，无法参与社会生活。 1913年，“女权主义”一词在美国出现（24）。随着女权运动的全面开展，女性的自尊心和自信心得到了增强。女权运动的主要焦点是妇女的选举权（“什么是女权运动”）。
A Discussion of New Women in the United States
The first feminist movement in the United States has had a profound impact on the American society, and the feminist movement all round the world. In this article, it is to have a discussion of meaning of new women in the United States and contributing factors to it.
The meaning of new women entails new rights and position of women in the society. For a long time, women were bound by traditional ideas such as women's sphere and they could not participate in social life. In 1913, the word “feminism” appeared in the US(24). With the feminist movement in full swing, women's self-esteem and self-confidence were enhanced. The main focus of the feminist movement was women's suffrage( “what is feminist movement”). Politically, the right of women to vote is won so that they can justifiably participate in their own political process. When women begin to have equal rights to men, they finally enjoy political equality. Also, it is to wipe away the idea of domination that exits in different aspects of Western society(Feminist Movement). Economically, women's career scope has been greatly expanded, and women can take on work of both physical and mental nature. In terms of education, the number of girls in tertiary institutions increased. More than 40 percent undergraduate in the US are women(28). At the same time, the society has changed the attitude of the women and marriage, so that women can no longer bear the pain of marriage. A large number of women with educational degree did not marry or marry later(28). In short, after the first feminist movement, American women have basically emerged from the characteristics of traditional women, and began to appear in the American history arena with new women's image.
The development of new women made the community and the public change the traditional view of gender difference between men and women. In 1913, a big change of women in terms of sex relations appeared(28) . Before, the majority of American families were provided by male in terms of financial sources and female were dealing with housework. Only in the families which are forced by the stress of life, women will go out to work. The then antis, religion, and evolutionary theory generally believe that women's “emotion and intuitive knowledge” is only proper in families, not enough to maintain the demand for politic activities(32). Given these ideas, the whole American at that time thought that women were supposed to adhere to the family and to be good wife and mother, but the performance of women in this movement, make people realize that women are no different from men in terms of intelligence and ability to work. The feminist movement changed the life of the family of the Americans in the past. However, under the inspiration from feminist movement, more and more American women enter the social field, and were engaged in public activities. Thus, the number of women who stay at home is relatively reduced, so that the pattern that women in the past was completely limited in the family was broken.

A variety of factors contributed to the emerging of new women. At the beginning of the twentieth century, a variety of household electrical appliances from the iron, telephone, electric oven, electric stove to the washing machine appeared, so that domestic work was more and more reduced. The responsibility for education and child raising of the mother was now decreased with the building of more and more schools and kindergartens. The advancement of medicine has led to the eradication of many diseases and the reduction of the mother's troubles, which have made the majority of middle-class women have a really free time. There is a considerable number of women who have received good education, but are unable to devote themselves to social activities, and nowadays, modern technology has liberated them. In addition, the growing expansion of women's rights organizations appeared to meet the demands of the broad masses of women to improve their political and social status and to mobilize them to participate actively in the movement for rights of women. The first feminist movement in American history took place from the mid-nineteenth century to the 1920s, under the leadership of several generations of leaders, as well as numerous feminists and progressive men. For example, the Women’s Political Union and Women’s Suffrage Party were found by Blatch in the early twenties(19). It gradually changed the phenomenon in the past that a woman was attached to a man, women than in the past to obtain a great liberation. After the World War I, there are more and more women participated in labor and work. Also, rising divorce rate and single parenthood force more women enter into the workforce(28). There are indications that American women had played an important role in the economic front.
To sum up, feminist movement has greatly changed the situation that women can not participate in political activities, education, and work in the past. And with the advent of world war, more women’s organization, and household electrical appliances, the rising of new women has some implications for the cause of women liberation in the world, which has a positive effect on the same freedoms and equal rights of women and men.
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A discussion of "Ulysses" and Homer' s epic---"Odyssey"

下面51due教员组为大家整理一篇优秀的代写范文- A discussion of "Ulysses" and Homer' s epic---"Odyssey"，供大家参考学习。这篇文章讲述的是我发现乔伊斯的小说《尤利西斯》就是一个当前神话的例子。《奥德赛》的神话为其情节和结构提供了丰富的资源，因而具有特殊性。但它们之间有很多相似和不同之处。在《奥德赛》中，尤利西斯经历了艰辛、死亡的危险，最终与妻子佩内洛普幸福地从战场重逢，踏上了回家的旅程。奥德修斯遇到了来自运动员的挑战，国王要求显示它的力量，海王星阻止尤利西斯回家的努力，等等（荷马，第八册，第六册）。它们可以理解为主人公奥德修斯心态的标志：他必须要有自制力，要抵御神话的外在威胁和诱惑，要有智慧和勇气，才能达到和平、安宁和家庭幸福的史诗般结局。
A discussion of "Ulysses" and Homer' s epic---"Odyssey"
An example of a current myth I found is Joyce 's novel "Ulysses" . It is special as the myth of "Odyssey" provides a rich resource for the plot and structure of it. But there are a lot of similarity and difference between them.

In “Odyssey”, Ulysses has gone through hardships, danger of death, and eventually had happy reunion with his wife Penelope from the battlefield to the journey to return to their home. Odysseus encountered the challenge from the athletes and request of king to show its power, the effort of Neptune to prevent Ulysses from getting home, etc(Homer,Book VIII,Book VI ). They can be understood as the signs of protagonist Odysseus mentality: he must had self-control, to resist the external threat of mythical and temptation to have wisdom and courage to achieve the epic end of peace, tranquility and family happiness. It also shows a double journey of Odysseus whose body and inner return to his home after a war almost destroyed the soul. Just as Ulysses said when he answered Laodamas, “I have been through infinite trouble, and am come among you now as a suppliant, praying your king and people to further me on my return home."(Homer,Book VIII, para 12 ).Also, it reflects the social customs, lifestyles and so on of ancient Greek ancestors from the primitive clan society late to slavery, for example, the athletic meeting and life of Nausicaa, daughter to King Alcinous.

There are a lot of similarity between "Ulysses" and Homer' s epic---"Odyssey". Myth is not just about the past, but about the thing we do today and how we tell the thing we do in story(Travis, 2010, 1103IntroA10 ). In "Ulysses", the most important hero Bloom, a Jewish in spirit inherited Odysseus’ drifting destiny. Early in the morning, Bloom was in the kitchen preparing breakfast for the wife in bed, but also gave his wife lover letter from his love rivalry. And then being uneasy, he went out of the house, and began his wandering in the street. Bloom's wandering away from home is more of a helplessness, because he knows his wife will be in the afternoon with his lover at home. Thus, he traveled all the streets of Dublin, from post offices, churches, newspapers stands, libraries, to hospitals, waterfront and brothels. In the wandering of the day, although nothing serious happened, Bloom’ trivial behavior in his body and soul is marked by the infiltration of all the miseries. First, he found himself at home as an outsider. His wife had an affair, for which he was ashamed, embarrassed, but helpless. As a member of the modern world, Bloom’s spiritual world is extremely empty, and eager to find some kind of soul can rely on. At the funeral of a friend, he was reminded of the death of his son and the gap between Molly's thoughts and sex, so he produces an extreme pain and boredom. As a Jew, Bloom met with all kinds of discrimination in the community, and always feel that he is an outsider. To cover up his Jewish identity, Bloom repeatedly changed his name and religious beliefs. hoping to integrate with the mainstream society. The hero Bloom’s activities in Dublin for a day and Odysseus’s drifting 10 years is similar as they are outsiders and seeking a place can accept them. They all represent how human beings make every effort to seek their own life center. After the hardships, they seek not only to narrow the distance between their own home and time, but also return to self, and dream life at home. Odysseus's journey back home, both physically and mentally, have expressed the desire to survive, and embodied the courage to survive, revealing the true meaning of life. "Ulysses" inherited the meaning and structure of "Odyssey"’ return.

There are also differences between "Ulysses" and Homer' s epic---"Odyssey". Bloom did not look like an ancient heroic physique like Ulysses in appearance. Bloom has no expertise and makes a living by advertising. He was not handsome, with a short stature, and pale looks. There was no manhood. Bloom was particularly afraid of his wife. His wife Molly was a small singer, who is romantic and beautiful. So there was a modern interpretation of the myth, or the author borrowed the myth of "Odyssey" to express a modern people looking for a spiritual home. From 18:00 on June 16, 1904 to 2 am the next day, within a total of 18 hours, Bloom was depicted as the representative of the middle class in Berlin with such life experience and spiritual experience, showing the problems and crises of an era of 20th century. The aim of the myth is to express a modern spiritual to find home.

The current myth of “Ulysses”and myth "Odyssey" shares the the plot and structure a lot but the former shows precisely the whole life and confusion of people in the modern society.

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A Discussion of the Main Characteristics of Qing Governance and Qing Society

下面51due教员组为大家整理一篇优秀的代写范文- A Discussion of the Main Characteristics of Qing Governance and Qing Society，供大家参考学习。这篇文章讲述的是清朝是封建专制制度的鼎盛时期。清朝是一个少数民族占多数的政权。因此，它采取一定的治理方式，努力巩固社会的统治和稳定。本文旨在探讨清政府与清社会的主要特征清初的统治比较开明，清初社会还比较繁荣。
A Discussion of the Main Characteristics of Qing Governance and Qing Society
The Qing dynasty marks the peak of the feudal autocracy . The Qing Dynasty ruled by nature is a regime in which a minority race rule the majority. Thus, it takes some governance approach, and efforts to consolidate the rule and stability of society. In this article, it is to have a discussion of the main characteristics of Qing governance and Qing society

The rules of the early Qing Dynasty were relatively enlightened and early Qing society was still relatively prosperous. Duirng the early and middle Qing Dynasty, economic revolution was carried out to increase the productivity of the country(32). And the population greatly increased, so that the production of grain crops need to be improved. The Qing Dynasty adopted reclamation of wasteland, migration of border areas and promotion of new crops to increase production(55). Taxes on land was main source of revenues, composed of number of man and yield(43). Due to domestic and foreign trade promotion, economic agriculture is relatively developed. There was also development of textile and porcelain industry. Taxes on the Qing Dynasty business was few and ignored as a source as revenues(44). A number of water conservancy, such as the Grand Canal also makes sure the transportation of grains(32). This is useful to defend themselves and economic development. Also, Confucian idea and culture is used as a tool to promote civil and military administration of Qing rulers. “Benevolent governance “ of Confucian value was advocated, leading to a smaller institution(33). Thus, the cost and budget of Qing governance was low.In terms of politics, an “inner” and “outer” administration was set up, in responsible of different matter (33). But the inner administration enjoyed more power, which makes it a centralized regime. The civil service exam system was set up to make sure upward mobility(45). It successfully and completely rule the majority of ethnic, from the ideological, economical and institutional.

There were sable elements of Qing society: “patrilocal marriage, patrilineal kinship, male inheritance, household unit, sedentary agrarianism, land ownership, civil service exam system, and unbroken line between elites and commoners(90). But in the late Qing Dynasty, when characteristics of Qing society and foreign situation began to change, Qing governance began to have some problems as they were hard to adopt those changes. Under the influence of negative side of the idea of Confucius, the nature of obedience, compliance, harmony and passiveness is stressed(32). The concept of political rigidity, cultural autocracy, closed-door policy, and ideological imprisonment was paid attention to by Qing rulers. In the late Qing Dynasty, the situation of Qing society got more and more complex there was a great increase of number of population, mobility of people, and foreign invasions and interfere(33). In this hundred years time, the world powers have launched more than 10 wars of aggression against China. To decide the size of state for controlling it to deal with foreign rebels and rebels at home is important and difficult for Qing governance(33). The Opium War, the Second Opium War, the Sino-Japanese War, the Eight-Power Allied War of Aggression against China occurred one by one. The Chinese government gradually transformed from a feudal system to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal system. As the Qing authorities were ignorant, barbarous and brutal, they adopted the brutal violence in the domestics. As the Manchu became more brutal at home and was forced to be submissive to the foreign countries, which greatly aggravated the hardship of the Chinese people oppressed by the Manchu authorities, and certainly accelerated the struggle of the Chinese people to overthrow the Qing government. Thus, the Chinese people's awareness of the Chinese nation began to awaken. Some large-scale anti-aggression, and anti-feudal peasant movement in modern Chinese history, such as the Taiping movement broke out, which try to break the attempt of Western colonialists’ rapid colonial , and speeding the Qing Dynasty and the feudal system’s decline and collapse.

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A Discussion of Sima Qian and Han Historical Writing Based on His “Letter To Ren An”

下面51due教员组为大家整理一篇优秀的代写范文- A Discussion of Sima Qian and Han Historical Writing Based on His “Letter To Ren An” and Records of The Historian，供大家参考学习。这篇文章讲述的是《史记》是伟大的史学家司马迁毕生致力于研究中国历史的一部巨著。这一历史书写对于人们了解中国历史，反映汉代历史书写的作用，提供了坚实的参考。本文以《致仁安的信》为例，以《史记》中的将军和侍从的故事为例，探讨《史记》中的主要概念及其向读者传达这些主要概念的方式。
A Discussion of Sima Qian and Han Historical Writing Based on His “Letter To Ren An” and Records of The Historian
Records of the Historian is a great book on the Chinese history in which the great Historian Sima Qian devoted all his life. This historical writing plays a key role of providing a solid reference to people to understand the Chinese history and reflecting the role of historical writing during the Han Dynasty. In this article, it is to discuss the major concepts included in the Grand Historian and the way he used to communicate those major concepts to the reader based on specific examples from the text of his “Letter to Ren An” and his story about the general and the retainer in Records of the Historian.

The main concept and the objective intended to express by Sima Qian in the Records of the Historian is the authenticity based on drawing a wide range of classical works. Sima Qian wrote a historical record, with a serious attitude, and the spirit of the record is shown by his “Letter to Ren An”. Just as he wrote to his friend Ren An in“Letter to Ren An”, during the writing of Records of the Historian he “gathered and brought together all the old traditions of the world that were lost and scattered”(Qian, translator by Watson, 1993, p.236). Just at the bottom of translated version of Records of the Historian, it can be seen that a lot of classical historical works appeared in the lists of reference. This shows how widely Sima Qian has red. In addition to documents , there are material obtained from the field investigation, which are the important sources of materials for the writing of Records of the Historian by Sima Qian. What of particular value is that Sima Qian did a careful analysis and selection of historical materials. He left the capital Changan many times across mountains and rivers, to have a field visits of historical sites. For example, in the bibliography of Chen She, it was written that Chen She’s grave still “enjoyed blood and flesh of sacrifice”(Qian, translator by Watson, 1993, p.236). The customs, diplomatic situation, religious situation, business situation, astronomical calendar, geography of thousands of years is to be reflected in historical works. In addition, in the selection of characters, Sima Qian did not select them according to their official or social status, but their actual performance. For example, he wrote many businessmen, doctors from the lower or middle social class. His article is fair, realistic and reliable, which reflected Sima Qian's scientific attitude and historical records of the truth.

However, the collection of materials made a careful analysis and selection, eliminated some nonsense. Sima Qian's historical records to the characters as a historical event center of the writing, making the lack of continuity of historical events. Sima Qian first created a genre with man as the center of historic events, and always describe a person 's life story in his writing. As a result of focus on writing centered on man, and man’s complexity , there is subjective feature of Sima Qian's writing. For example in the writing of Xiang Yu, character, Sima Qian had a lot of sympathy for him, and with a very full of enthusiasm wrote the failure of the hero. He not only praised his brave, but also criticizes his brutality. Thus, in addition to record the fact and the historical events, at the same time, he was mixing into his own feelings in the depict of the image of the historical figures and was making an evaluation them from a perspective of future generations who pay his last respects. Thus, his writing is filled and mixed with too much personal emotion, especially after Sima Qian difficult situation in his late years. it is inevitable for him who have embraced difficult issues to carry out too many emotional description, from his point of view. Just as Sima Qian remarked in “Letter to Ren An”, he wrote Records of the Historian to “ examine the events of the past and investigate the principle behind their successes and failure”(Qian, translator by Watson, 1993, p.236). It can be seen that it is not just a historical records, but a book where he could discover laws of the world with his own wills and perspective. It is no wonder that in individual characters biography such as Li Guang, there were some exaggeration. Li Guang is better at playing defense against, mobilizing the morale of the generals, rather than attack, and strategy. But under the writing of Sima Qian, he was so prominent in every aspect. his love and hate of all characters is clearly expressed in the narrative. This view of Sima Qian for Li Guang, is more or less, motivated by a personal emotion. For people living in the era of Sima Qian, there is a little God perspective to view descendants and to blame their predecessors. This emotional judgment constitutes main flaws of his Records of the Historian.

Based on his “Letter to Ren An” and Records of the Historian, there are some conflicting concepts expressed by Sima Qian, that is, the unity of authenticity and emotion, which is communicated through drawing a wide range of classical works and personal investigation of historical facts.
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