What is genetic engineering？

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文 -- What is genetic engineering？在本文中，我首先要给出基因工程的定义。然后，还将介绍有助于基因工程的学科。人类创造的每一项技术都是为人民服务的。因此，我想介绍一些基因工程在当前和历史上的应用实例，以及基因工程的类型。同时，我还将提供一些基因工程潜在进展的实例。最后，基因工程对我们和整个世界的影响将得出结论。
What is genetic engineering？
In this paper, I would like to give a definition of genetic engineering firstly. And then, the disciplines that contribute to the genetic engineering will be introduced, too. Each technology that human created is to serve the people. So, I would like to introduce some examples of the applications of genetic engineering currently and historically, as well as the types of genetic engineering .And I will provide some examples of potential advances in genetic engineering. Lastly, the effects of genetic engineering have on us and the whole world will be concluded.
Genetic Engineering
What is genetic engineering? Genetic engineering, also called the genetic modification, is to manipulate an organism’s genome by using biotechnology. By synthesizing the DNA and then inserting it into the host organism, or insert new DNA in the host organism by first isolation and copying the genetic material of interest, the genes may be removed. Or they will just be knocked out[1]. And the IUPAC also define genetic engineering as Process of inserting new genetic information into existing cells in order to modify a specific organism for the purpose of changing its characteristics[2].
Disciplines That Contributes To Genetic Engineering
The modern genetic engineering includes many different disciplines such as molecularbiology, biochemistry, genetics, cellbiology, embryology, immunology, organic chemistry physical chemistry, physical, information science, computer science. It’s common that a new technology can contain so many disciplines, cause
that all most no technology is independent. With the development of the researches of other disciplines, the genetic engineering developed so quickly .And also it is technology which is related to materials like DNA, RNA, chromosome, genome, heredity, mutation and so on.
Historic and current applications of transgenic biotechnology
Looking back the history of genetic engineering, we maybe surprised that this kind of technology firstly developed in agrarian age. Back in the ancient time, our ancestors began to use this kind of technology to select seeds. And it is the pioneer of transgenic biotechnology. The farmers select and bred the best suited crops which have the highest yields to produce more food to feed the growing population. As crops became difficult to maintain, people discovered that specific organisms and their by-products could effectively fertilize. And the farmers are clover enough to breed one plant to other plants. For example, the Chinese people altered the genetics of their apple tree by breeding them with other plants such as the plum trees, which was one of the first forms of transgenic biotechnology.
However, It was in 1970s that humans began the direct manipulation of DNA out side breeding and mutations. In 1951,Jack Williamson first coined the term Genetic Engineering in his science fiction novel called Dragon's Island. In 1972 Paul Berg combined DNA from monkey virus SV40 with that of the lambda virus, and so, he created the first recombinant DNA. In 1974,Rudolf Jaenisch created the first transgenic animal by introducing foreign DNA its embryo[3]. The first genetic engineering company was founded by Herbert Boyer and Robert Swanson ,which is
called Genentech. And a year later, the company produced a human protein. In 1995,after having been approved by the FDA, Bt Potato was approved by Environment Protection Agency. And another thing to say is that in 2009,transgenic crops grown in 25countries such an China, Brazil, India and Canada. In 2010,It was announced that the scientists had created the first synthetic genome, which was added to a cell that contained no DNA. Now, the scientists are making efforts to do more experiments to achieve more.[4]
Types Of Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineering is used mainly in four areas, including health care, crops and agriculture, environmental uses and the non food uses of crops and other products. And the health care and agriculture are closely linked to our daily life.
Health Care, The Medicine
Modern Genetic engineering applied in medicine care is mainly in areas such as pharmaceutical drug, genetic screening and pharmacogenomics. Pharmacogenomics is the combination of pharmacology and genomics, and it analyses the effect a genetic makeup has on an individual’s response to drugs by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with a drug's efficacy or toxicity. And modern genetic engineering contributes a lot to the manufacturing of traditional small molecule pharmaceutics drugs. And it also makes it available to manufacture existing medicines cheaply and easily. To cite an example, diabetes was thought as a incurable disease, because insulin was hard to produce and so, it’s relatively expensive. However, In 1978,when Genentech firstly developed a synthetic humanized insulin,
things changed to be different. He joined the gene of the insulin with a plasmid vector and inserted the new gene into the bacterium Escherichia coli. In this way, he achieved the manufacture of insulin and makes it easier and cheaper to cure diabetes.
Genetic testing is also popular. It is mainly used in testing vulnerabilities in inherited diseases and it can also be used in determine a child’s parentage. And it is normal for a couple in China to have a physical examination to assure that their chromosomes are normal and it can reduce the risk for them to have an abnormal child.
Agriculture
Genetic engineering is widely used in agriculture. And the most widely used technology is the transgenic technology, which is to modify the genes of crops. In 1994,when Calgene first marketed its delayed ripening tomato called Flavr Savr, the commercial of genetically modified foods began. And now, this kind of technology has been used in the manufacture of soybean, corn, canola, and cotton seed oil to improve the outputs. To cite another example, the Chinese scientist Yuan Longping is called “The Father of Hybrid Rice” by the Chinese Media, for that he developed the first hybrid rice varieties in 1970s.And in 1979,his technique for hybrid rice was introduced to America, which is memorable in history. In 1991,the statistics of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization showed that 20 percent of the world’s rice output came from the world’s 10 percent fields that grow hybrid rice. And later, Africa also began to plant hybrid rice. Hybrid rice is a great contribution that China has to the whole world. Genetically modified foods are widely adopted among farmers, for that GM crops are always highly productive. In 2011,11 different kinds of
transgenic crops were grown on 395 million acres in 29 countries such as the USA, China, Mexico, Austria, South Africa and so on.
Genetic Engineering Applied In Industrial
Industrial genetic engineering is the industrial that applies genetic engineering ,including the industrial fermentation. It includes the practice of using cells to generate industrially useful products. Genetic engineering is to provide people with a better life, so, it mainly uses raw materials that are renewable and it may contribute to lowering greenhouse gas[5].
Potential Advances In Genetic Engineering
As I have described, genetic engineering is mainly used in health care, agriculture and industrial. However, only genetic engineering usage in health care is wide. There are a lot of aspects for us to explore. It is to say, there are potential advances in genetic engineering.
1.Hybrid crops and vegetables
At present, we have already did experiments on hybrid crops to make a higher output. However, can you imagine that we can use the hybrid technology to produce a tomato which tests like cucumber, or a potato which is on a potato tree? It’s a long way to achieve, but it’s possible.
2.Bacterium to cure the AIDs
HIV/AIDS has had a great impact on society, both as an illness and as a source of discrimination. The disease also has significant economic impacts. And many people in Africa suffer from HIV, and it is inherited. In the future, maybe we can cure AIDs
with the help of genetic engineering.
3.Create a new organ using a stem cell
Stem cells have already been used to cure leukemia. However, what if we can create a new organ to cure our organic diseases? With the help of transgenic biotechnology, we can change our lungs or other organs to a fresh one to help us live longer. But it may be dreams .Because in this way, human may never die, and it’s against the natural rules.
Comments on the effects of transgenic biotechnology
Genetic engineering is related to our daily life. We eat genetically modified food and we take medicine which may be produced with the help of genetic engineering .On the one hand, we benefit a lot from it. However, one the other hand, we don’t know what genetic engineering would bring to us. It’s natural for man to draw on advantages and avoid disadvantages. We use genetic engineering to improve the outputs of agriculture and industrial and other aspects of our life. Maybe one day, there would be genetic engineering, which may ruin the world. So, Regulation is important.

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What is biotechnology?

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文 -- What is biotechnology?，文章讲述在本文中，我想先对生物技术进行一个定义，然后再介绍对生物技术有贡献的学科。人类创造的每种技术都是为人民服务的。因此，我想介绍一些举例说明生物技术在当前和历史上的应用以及生物技术的类型。我将提供一些生物技术潜在进展的例子。最后，将总结生物技术对我们乃至整个世界的影响。

What is biotechnology?
In this paper,I would like to give a definition of Biotechnology firstly.And then,the disciplines that contribute to the biotechnology will be introduced,too.Each technology that human created is to serve the people.So,I would like to introduce some examples of the applications of biotechnology currently and historically,as well as the types of biotechnology.And I will provide some examples of potential advances in biotechnology.Lastly,the effects of biotechnology has on us and the whole world will be concluded.
Biotechnology
What is biotechnology?The UN Convention on Biological Diversity had given a definition.Biotechnology the use of living organisms or living systems to make or develop useful products.And it also includes any technology application that uses biological systems,living organisms or derivatives to make products and processes or just modify them.Modern usage also includes cell,tissue culture technologies and genetic engineering.[1]
Disciplines That Contributes To Biotechnology
The modern biotechnology includes many different disciplines such as genetic engineering,molecular biology,biochemistry,genetics,cell biology,embryology, immunology,organic chemistry physical chemistry,physical,information science,computer science.It’s common that a new technology can contain so many disciplines,cause that all most no discipline is independent.With the development of other disciplines,the biotechnology developed fo quickly .

Historic and current applications of biotechnology
Thinking about the history of biotechnology,we maybe surprised that this kind of technology firstly developed in agrarian age.Back in the ancient time,our ancestors began to use this kind of technology to select seeds.And it is the pioneer of biotechnology.The farmers select and bred the best suited crops which have the highest yields to produce more food to feed the growing population.As crops became difficult to maintain,people discovered that specific organisms and their by-products could effectively fertilize.And the farmers are clover enough to breed one plant to other plants.For example,the Chinese people altered the genetics of their apple tree by breeding them with other plants such as the plum trees,which was one of the first forms of biotechnology.
And the fermentation of beer is also an important form of biotechnology.This process was firstly introduced to Mesopotamia,China,Egypt and India,and now it is still widely used.In this process,malted grains convert into sugar.Then,after adding specific yeasts,the grains finally convert into alcohols.It was in 1857that Louis Pasteur discovered the way for grains to convert,but it has been used to produce alcohols for al long period of time.It’s the first use of biotechnology to convert one source into another form.[2]
In the early 20th century,scientists gained a greater knowledge about the microbiology and some scientists have explored ways to manufacture some products such as acetone,which was used during the World WarⅠ[3].In 1928,Alexander Fleming discovered the mold Penicillium,which benefited many people and was used for
medicine to treat people with bacterial infections in1940.Paul Berg’s early success in the experiment of gene splicing is generally thought to be the first step of modern biotechnology.After that another two scientists advanced this technology by transferring genetic material into bacterium.From that time on,the development of the biotechnology was really fast.And now biotechnology plays an important role in our society and boosts farm productivity which benefits a lot of people.
Types of biotechnology
Biotechnology is used mainly in four areas,including health care,crops and agriculture,environmental uses and the non food uses of crops and other products.And the health care and agriculture are closely lined to our daily life.
Health Care,the medicine
Modern biotechnology applied in medicine care is mainly in areas such as pharmaceutical drug,genetic screening and pharmacogenomics.Pharmacogenomics is the combination of pharmacology and genomics,and it analyses the effect a genetic makeup has on an individual’s response to drugs by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with a drug's efficacy or toxicity.And modern biotechnology contributes a lot to the manufacturing of traditional small molecule pharmaceutics drugs.And it also makes it available to manufacture existing medicines cheaply and easily.To cite an example,diabetes was thought as a incurable disease,because insulin was hard to produce and so,it’s relatively expensive.However,In 1978,when Genentech firstly developed a synthetic humanized insulin,things changed to be different.He joined the gene of the insulin with a plasmid vector and inserted the new gene into the bacterium Escherichia coli.In this way,he achieved the manufacture of insulin and makes it easier and cheaper to cure diabetes.
Genetic testing is also popular.It is mainly used in testing vulnerabilities in inherited diseases and it can also be used in determine a child’s parentage.And it is normal for a couple in China to have a physical examination to assure that their chromosomes are normal and it can reduce the risk for them to have an abnormal child.[4]
Agriculture
Biotechnology is widely used in agriculture.And the most widely used technology is the transgenic technology,which is to modify the genes of crops.In 1994,when Calgene first marketed its delayed ripening tomato called Flavr Savr,the commercial of genetically modified foods began.And now,this kind of technology has been used in the manufacture of soybean,corn,canola,and cotton seed oil to improve the outputs.[5]To cite another example,the Chinese scientist Yuan Longping is called “The Father of Hybrid Rice”by the Chinese Media,for that he developed the first hybrid rice varieties in 1970s.And in 1979,his technique for hybrid rice was introduced to America,wich is memorable in history.In 1991,the statistics of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization showed that 20 percent of the world’s rice output came from the world’s 10 percent fields that grow hybrid rice.And later,Africa also began to plant hybrid rice.Hybrid rice is a great contribution that China has to the whole world.
Genetically modified foods are widely adopted among farmers,for that GM crops are always highly productive.In 2011,11 different kinds of transgenic crops were grown on 395 million acres in 29 countries such as the USA,China,Mexico,Austria, South Afric and so on.
Biotechnology Applied In Industrial
Industrial biotechnology is the industrial that applies biotechnology,including the industrial fermentation.It includes the practice of using cells to generate industrially useful products.Biotechnology is to provide people with a better life,so,it mainly uses raw materials that are renewable and it may contribute to lowering greenhouse gas.
Potential advances in biotechnology
As I have described,biotechnology is mainly used in health care,agriculture and industrial.However,only biotechnological usage in health care is wide.There are a lot of aspects for us to explore.It is to say,there are potential advances in biotechnology.
1.Hybrid crops and vegetables
At present,we have already did experiments on hybrid crops to make a higher output.However,can you imagine that we can use the hybrid technology to produce a tomato which tests like cucumber,or a potato which is on a potato tree?It’s a long way to achieve,but it’s possible.
2.Bacterium to cure the AIDs
HIV/AIDS has had a great impact on society, both as an illness and as a source of discrimination. The disease also has significant economic impacts. And many people in Africa suffer from HIV,and it is inherited.In the future,maybe we can cure AIDs with the help of biotechnology.
3.Create a new organ using a stem cell
Stem cells have already been used to cure leukemia.However,what if we can create a new organ to cure our organic diseases?With the help of biotechnology,we can change our lungs or other organs to a fresh one to help us live longer.But it may be dreams.Because in this way,human may never die,and it’s against the natural rules.
Comments on the effects of biotechnology
Biotechnology is related to our daily life.We eat genetically modified food and we take medicine which may be produced with the help of biotechnology.On the one hand,we benefit a lot from it.However,one the other hand,we don’t know what biotechnology would bring to us.It’s natural for man to draw on advantages and avoid disadvantages.We use biotechnology to improve the outputs of agriculture and industrial and other aspects of our life.Maybe one day,there would be biotechnological weapons,which may ruin the world.So,Regulation is important.

51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明：原创优秀代写范文源自编辑创作，未经官方许可，网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为，未经同意的情况下，51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写、作业代写服务。
51due为留学生提供最好的作业代写服务，亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多代写范文提供作业代写服务，详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

The huge legacy of Porfirio Diaz

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文 -- The huge legacy of Porfirio Diaz，文章讲述波菲里奥·迪亚兹（Porfirio Diaz）在他统治墨西哥的35年中，在墨西哥扮演着非常重要的角色。他是给墨西哥留下了巨大的遗产还是给墨西哥带来了巨大的灾难，仍然是一个激烈的辩论。阅读这些材料后，我学到了很多东西，并且感到引导一个国家走上光明道路的最佳方法是执行一项仁慈的改革科学政策。实行仁慈的政策，尤其是坚持这样的政策，并非易事，因为这样的政策要求州长爱他或她自己的人民，正如中国人所说，水可以使小船漂浮而其可以倾覆。它也是。
The huge legacy of Porfirio Diaz
Porfirio Diaz played a very important role in Mexico during his 35-year rule of Mexico. Whether he made a great legacy or brought a huge disaster for Mexico still remains a heated debate. Afer reading the materials, I have learnt a lot and felt that the best way to guide a country into a bright road is to carry out a benevolent and reforming scientific policy. To carry out a benevolent policy, especially to insist on such the policy, is not so easy, because such the policy requires the governor to love his or her own people, as a Chinese saying goes, water can float a boat while it can overturn it as well.
I think Porfirio Diaz performed well at first, because he extremely declared to support the democratic policy. We can see his famous interview with an American journalist in 1908, when he claimed that “it is a mistake to suppose that the future of democracy in Mexico has been endangered by the long continuance in office of one President”, and “I fear the principles of democracy have not been planted very deep in our people. But the nation has grown and it loves liberty”. Porfirio Diaz loved democracy and proposed that people could be president by election.
However, with time went by, he became more and more autarchic and went away from his people. One Mexican maxim says that Mexico is the mother of foreigners and the stepmother of Mexicans. The maxim reflected the antipathy to the foreigners. There was even a movement of “anti-foreignism” before. The movement was owed to Porfirio Diaz’s policy of supporting foreign policies. For his personal interest, he supported foreign business people, especially American business people, that the country was extremely dependent on the foreigners so that the native people lost their own markets and even their opportunity of survival.
Apart from the benevolent policies, the continual reforming policies cannot stop in accordance with the development of the era as well. During the rule of Porfirio Diaz in Mexico, he largely supported to go modern scientific road. He declared to build railway and telegraph. He also wished to promote agriculture. In 1863, he issued the law of vacant lands, by which public lands were ceded to whoever would locate, survey and exploit them, just paying for them at a fixed price and receiving a part gratis in turn for his engineering services. Meanwhile, he restricted the sphere of action of the town councils and restricted trial by jury, which made a great contribution to Mexico.
Meanwhile, Chinese revolution in the last century gives us a lot of things as well, as no reforming or revolution, no development when one society is in the situation of unbalanced era. In the 1920s, China produced two large parties, naming the Nationalist Party, or Guomingdang and Chinese Communist Party. These two parties made great contributions to China, which was in the dark era, and did not know how to go forward in the future. At that time, Chinese nationalism, one kind of revolutions and reforming conditions, guided China in a good direction. The May 4th Movement, influenced largely by the ideas of Communist Party, gave China great motivations to reform.
All in all, to carry out the benevolent and policies and reforming policies to adapt to the development of the era, it needs large courage and wisdom, unless no one can avoid the result of death, even if you are the great governor, such as Porfirio Diaz.

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Stereotypes affect our lives

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文 -- Stereotypes affect our lives，文章讲述在某种程度上，所有人都具有刻板印象，这意味着对某些特定的人或事物有固定的看法。经过研究，导致刻板印象的原因包括过去存在的现象，时间和个人环境带来的变化。刻板印象的存在既有利也有弊。通过刻板印象，我们可以快速了解目标人物或事物。然而，归因于刻板印象的不正确，也损害了目标人群的利益。
Stereotypes affect our lives
All people, to some extent, hold stereotype which means fixed opinions on some specific people or things. After researching, reasons causing stereotype include the past existing phenomena, changes brought by time and personal environment. The existence of stereotype provides both advantages and disadvantages. Through stereotype, we can have a quick learn about the target people or things. However, attributed to incorrectness of stereotype, it also imperils the benefit of the target people or thing.
Reasons leading to the existence of stereotype include a lot. First, it should be admitted that phenomena reflected by stereotype do exist in some specific time or areas. As the article has mentioned, “traditional stereotypes about Asian students being geeky came about when the pupils tended to be ‘ABCs’, and there are photos of “Asian students sleeping in the library, usually slumped over their study materials”. The direct reason for the formation of this stereotype is that there really existed a period when ABC was popular and some of the Asian students did not work hard enough. The second reason giving rise to stereotype is that as time moves forward, some of the situation will change, which makes the stereotype not right any more. It is well known that the world is changing everyday. As China has gained remarkable economic and political success in the past decades, the domestic environment and the Chinese people’s quality also greatly improved. The article points out that “China produces vast numbers of highly qualified applicants whose families can afford to pay American fees” and Chinese students “have more on their minds than studies” and “have more confidence than American students in general”. Therefore, the change of the real situation also results in the emergence of stereotype. Third, although the situation changes, not all the people can realize it. In the article, Mahlon Meyer, a teacher of University of Washington, can directly get in touch with Chinese students and thus can recognize the bias of the stereotype. However, for those of rest who have not been to China and got in touch with Chinese students, it is very difficult for them to change their minds because they even do not realize they are wrong. As Buswell, Carol says, “many are constantly being reinforced by personal experiences, family discussions, and Hollywood productions as well”. Therefore, individual environment also has a direct link with the formation of stereotype. Once a person has no chance to face the real situation, it is easier for him to insist his stereotype. All the aspects mentioned above interact with each other and result in the coming up of stereotype.
The existence of stereotype brings us positive impacts as well as negative impacts. Reasons can be explained in the example of stereotype that women’s performance in mathematics, engineer and technology is poorer than men’s. It is always said at school by teachers that girls are not so good at science as boys. On one hand, it really can help us know more about the respective strength of girls and boys. We, therefore, will pay different attention to girls and boys in different subjects and promote better resources allocation. In a word, stereotype sometimes can give us a quick learn about target people and thing, and facilitate preparations of higher quality. However, on the other hand, totally being directed by stereotype will cause many following problems. Although it seems like that boys are smarter than girls in science, there are always some exceptional girls who are far more intelligent than boys. If we totally insist the stereotype, it may result in the fact that we lose some talents. Moreover, girls at school generally are more diligent than boys, which to some extent offsets their insufficiency and thus they have the equal chance to success. In a word, stereotype may bring about the loss of students with potential. Moreover, from the perspective of women, it is really unfair to them. First, they cannot enjoy the same attention from teachers, which will indirectly influence their confidence and enthusiasm in studying science. Second, caused by stereotype, learning resources may not be equally available for women and men. Third, when being told that they are not as talented as men in science, women may bear greater pressure during the learning process. As the research of Good Catherine and her teammates points out, “negative stereotypes can undermine women's performance on mathematics tests” and “even among the most highly qualified and persistent women in college mathematics, stereotype threat suppresses test performance”. Furthermore, the influence of such gender stereotype not only exert itself in school life, but also spread into work area. Powell Abigail and his teammates reveal the phenomenon that in UK, the number of women joining jobs related to engineering and technology is far less than that of men. “It finds that women often maintain contradictory views; upholding gendered stereotypes about women's suitability for the so-called masculine work, yet also subscribing to ideals that the sector is accessible to all who wish to work in it”. It can be concluded from the result that gender stereotype has already influenced women’s career choices, and thus has an impact on the gender distribution of some specific fields. From this example, it is clear that stereotype imperils the benefits of many people, not only those who have misunderstandings, but also those who are misunderstood.
The reasons why stereotype exists involve many factors. First, there do exist some phenomena which are described by the stereotype. Second, these phenomena have changed as time flies. Third, limited by personal experience, some people cannot realize the mistake of the stereotype. The existence of stereotype brings us both benefits and adverse impacts. It can help us generally know the characteristics of a person or a thing. However, it will also distort the truth about the relevant things and people. Therefore, in daily life, we should pay attention to the drawbacks of stereotype and explore truth by ourselves.


Works Cited
Buswell, Carol.(2011).Confronting Stereotypes. Social Education, 75(6),310-313.
Good Catherine; Aronson Joshua and Harder Jayne Ann.(2008). Problems in the Pipeline: Stereotype Threat and Women's Achievement in High-Level Math Courses. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 29(1),17-28.
Powell Abigail; Dainty Andrew and Bagilhole Barbara.(2012). Gender Stereotypes among Women Engineering and Technology Students in the UK: Lessons from Career Choice Narratives.European Journal of Engineering Education,37(6),541-556

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"Repeat" Analysis of Poetry

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文 -- "Repeat" Analysis of Poetry，文章讲述菲尔·凯（Phil Kaye）是美国一位出色的口头诗人，他写了《重复》这首诗。他非常擅长创新表演诗歌艺术。此外，他还是出版某些作品的作者。他与Sarah Kay共同创立了VOICE项目。大多数时候，他都环游世界，在学校，剧院和监狱等场所进行工作并教授诗歌研讨会。他的母亲是日本人，父亲是犹太裔美国人。所有这些都表明，菲尔·凯伊（Phil Kaye）的观点将指向自由化，开放和多元化。 2013年写的诗与文学创新运动有关。这首诗的风格具有叙事性。同时，它的形式是新诗，其中有三个节。它的主要主题是孩子在父母通过语言重复探索离婚后的心理活动。

"Repeat" Analysis of Poetry
Phil Kaye, an excellent spoken word poet in America, writes the poem “Repetition”. He is very skilled in innovating the art of performance poetry. Besides, he is also the author publishing certain works. With Sarah Kay, he founded Project VOICE. Most of the time, he travels around the world and performs his work and teach poetry workshops in venues including schools, theaters and prisons. His mother is a Japanese and his father is Jewish-American. All of these can suggest that Phil Kaye’s point of view would point to liberalization, opening and diversification. The poem written in 2013 relates to literary innovation movement. The style of the poem is narrative. Meanwhile its form is new poetry and there are three stanzas in it. Its main theme is that a child’s mental activity after his parents’ divorce by language repetition exploration.

In my opinion, the speaker is a 7-year-old boy who is different from the poet. He speaks in the first person because the first person is real and unknown. Through the detailed description towards myself in aspects of language and mentality etc., it can let the readers have empathy towards the speaker so as to arouse their inner feelings and thoughts. The tone of the poem is steady, a little ironic and humorous, which is very clearly embodied in this poem so that readers could easily understand it.

As for the beginning of the poem, the main idea is that the speaker’s mother taught him a trick and some examples of repetition are given. The rhyme scheme here is very harmonious and distinct. There are also internal rhymes such as the repetition of ‘apart’ and ‘homework’. The poet has used certain alliteration such as the repetition of ‘wake’ and ‘family’. There isn’t onomatopoeia used here. The poet uses personification here like ‘it loses its meaning’. Metaphor is used here like ‘When I came back there was no gravity in our home, beds floating’. Simile is also used here as ‘like some astronaut jettisoned from the shuttle’. It is evident that synechdoche and anaphora are used here as well. These make the content and expression of the poem more attractive and connotative. Then its meaning would be more profound. Readers can see the vivid pictures the poet creates.

As for the middle of the poem, the main idea is about some more examples towards the trick so as to prove its authenticity. Words here are linked by a certain strong rhyme scheme. Internal rhymes still exist like the repetition of ‘see, nothing’. Alliteration is used here like the repetition of ‘separation’. Onomatopoeia isn’t used here. Personification like ‘the sting of words’ is used. Meanwhile synechdoche like ‘it made the sting of words evaporate’ is also used. It’s obvious that anaphora is used here like the repetition of ‘I love you’. These details deeply affect the meaning of this part, which makes it more enchanting. Then certain pictures are created by the poet.

As for the end of the poem, the main idea is that the speaker became a stutter after his parents’ divorce. The rhyme scheme here is rhythmed and catchy. Internal rhymes like ‘ok’ and ‘say’ exists. Alliteration still appears here like ‘hundreds of hours practicing away my stutter’. The use of onomatopoeia is not obvious. Personification is used like ‘the meaning of every word drag itself up your throat’. Many examples here like ‘Fate is a cruel and efficient tutor’ refer to metaphor. ‘Is a glaring reflection you cannot escape’ is the use of synechdoche. Anaphora exists as well. All of these make the meaning of this part deeply rooted in the readers’ hearts and lead them to endless aftertastes. Certainly, the poet creates pictures that he wants the readers to see.

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