Analysis of the hegemony learned from the module

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文 -- Analysis of the hegemony learned from the module，文章讲述在本周中，我读了詹姆斯·拉尔（James Lull）和塞莱斯特（Celeste）撰写的《霸权》和《迪士尼动画片中的女主人公从小美人鱼到巴黎圣母院的汉化》的东方化文章。前一篇文章主要讨论霸权的过程，并介绍了反霸权理论的思想，指出反意识形态的影响现在比以前更为重要，而不是经济因素。后者主要分析动画电影中女主人公角色的东方化，并提出了这些电影中性别和文化差异的表现方式，从而在文章的最后提出了两个问题。再次阅读这两篇文章，我发现这两篇文章都指出了影响人们生活的文化因素，这些因素可以极大地助长霸权，并在教导人们的下一代和下一代中发挥重要作用。

Analysis of the hegemony learned from the module
In this week, I have read articles of Hegemony written by James Lull and The Orientalization of Disney’s Cartoon Heroines From the Little Mermaid to The Hunchbak of Notre Dame by Celeste. The former article mainly talks about the process of hegemony and gives an introduction of an idea of a counter hegemony theory, which points out that it is the ideological influence that is more crucial now than before instead of the economic factors. The later mainly analyzes the orientalization of the heroine character in the animated films and puts forward how the representations of gender and cultural difference operate in those films, thus raising two issues at the end of the articles. Rereading these two articles again, I find that both articles indicate cultural factors that influence people’s life, which can contribute to hegemony largely and plat an important role in teaching people’s next generation and their generation.
After learning this week’s modules, I understand that hegemony utilizes a new form to spread, and will have deeper and more profound influences on other countries or cultures than before. As for the hegemony, it is known to us that the ideology of hegemony was produced last century and is always hot debate all over the world. At the beginning of the hegemony, economic factors were the leading factor of the hegemony, while ideology influence by the means of mass media gradually replaced the economic factors as the essential factor with the development of science and technology. Mass media speed up the transmission of information, especially the cultural elements, and guide people in different ideological directions. Meanwhile, one of the reasons that ideological influence on hegemony is that it can acquire social consent to a race, that is, the assimilation of one people. Social consent, more effective than force, requires the spread of culture, and mass media make it realized, such as the films, the TV, the Internet, etc.
Nowadays, many developed countries, especially the USA, try to spread the hegemony, wishing the whole world is ruled by one ideology. With the quick development of science and technology, they have more ways and forms to spread hegemony. For example, America tries to use their film industry to propagandize their way of life and political ideas, such as democratic idea. Hollywood films in America are one of the most important means to permeate their ideas and ideology. The ideas and ideologies presented in the films are almost the same as American actual ideas and ideologies in the real life, which can publicise American culture and ideas effectively and profoundly and thus carries out the spread of hegemony over time.
Luckily, with the rise and development of hegemony, an idea of a counter hegemony ideology, an ideology that resists the dominant hegemony, appears and develops a lot after its appearance. From the article Hegemony written by Lull, I understand that counter hegemony becomes a trend, which is formulated in process of communication, such as interpretations, social circulation and mass media. Learning this, when facing hegemony, I will try to announce it to people and let them know more about the counter hegemony. Meanwhile, knowing the forms of hegemony, I can fight against hegemony more pertinently and effectively. For example, I will pay more attention to my ideas and behaviors when I see American films. I will think about the ideas or ideologies presented in the films and treat them properly to form a good value principle, rather than pursue or imitate the American ideas in the films blindly.

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Analysis of "screw turning" from the perspective of psychoanalysis

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文 -- Analysis of "screw turning" from the perspective of psychoanalysis，文章讲述《螺丝的转弯》是由著名小说家亨利·詹姆斯（Henry James）撰写的著名中篇小说。自从1899年问世以来，它就受到了极大的关注，以至于对“螺丝的转动”的研究从此变得多样化。许多批评家一直试图从女主人公特征的分析，中篇小说的结构分析，中篇小说的技术分析等角度来分析中篇小说。作者试图从心理分析的角度分析中篇小说。没有名字的女主人公，女主人公，是一个淫荡的女人，在不同时期经历了几种不同的心理过程。本文分为四个部分，包括中篇小说的概述，对精神分析批评的介绍，对中篇小说的心理分析分析和结论。

Analysis of "screw turning" from the perspective of psychoanalysis
The Turn of the Screw is a famous novella written by famous novelist Henry James. Since its appearance in 1899, it has received such great attention that the studies on Turn of the Screw have been diversified ever since. Many critics have been trying to analyze the novella from the angles such as analysis of heroine’s characteristics, analysis of the novella’s structure, analysis of the novella’s techniques, etc. The author tries to analyze the novella in the psychoanalytic perspective, holding the view that the unnamed governess, the heroine, is a promiscuous woman and experiences several different mental processes in different periods. The essay is divided into four parts, including the summary of the novella, the introduction of the psychoanalytic criticism, the psychoanalytic analysis of the novella and the conclusion.
The Summary of the Novella
The Turn of the Screw mainly tells a story of a governess who takes the job of teaching and taking care of one beautiful eight-year-old girl named Flora and her ten-year-old brother. At the beginning, the young governess with no name met with a man, who was the children’s uncle on London’s Harley Street, for her first governess job. The young woman was very fond of him and thus the man was able to persuade her to accept the job of governess to his niece and nephew in his countryside house Bly. One situation should be noticed and mentioned: the young governess cannot contact him in the future and has to solve all the problems by herself. In one evening when she walks around the house and sees a man in one of the towers of the house, she thinks it were the children’s uncle at first but then she finds that she is wrong as it is a stranger. She is told that the man is the uncle’s former valet Peter Quint, who has been dead, when she talks the man with the housekeeper Mrs. Grose. Mrs. Grose also tells the governess that Peter spent a lot of time with Miles Before. Over time, she finds the other ghost named Miss Jessel as well. Thinking the two ghosts will hurt the two children, the governess decides to fight against the ghosts to protect the two children. However, with the development of the novella, the governess finds that two children’s behaviors are becoming odd, and seem to be possessed by the ghosts. The novella’s atmosphere becomes nervous, just like the screw is turned more and more tensionally.
Upon the novella’s publication, it attracts large numbers of critics’ attention and study. Some say the governess is a warm and kind person who fights against the ghost consistently to protect the children, while some think that the governess is mentally abnormally, holding the idea that what she sees the ghost is her illusion produced by her mental illness. I agree with the later idea and try to analyze the governess’s mental processes with theory of psychoanalytic criticism.
Psychoanalytic Criticism
The Turn of the Screw is either an outstanding example of the type of ghost novella written at the end of the 19th century or is a classic psychoanalytic study. When studying the novella in the perspective of psychoanalysis, the novella pays attention to sexual repression and the sources of insanity. Thus, based on the features of the Turn of the Screw that needs the theory of psychoanalytic criticism, it should introduce the nature of psychoanalytic criticism first.
Psychoanalytic criticism is form of literary interpretation that employs the terms of psychoanalysis (including the unconsciousness, repression, the Oedipus complex, etc.) in order to illuminate aspects of literature in its connection with conflicting psychological states (1900). The beginnings of this modern tradition are found in Frued’s The Interpretation of Dreams, which provides as “diplacements” of repressed wishes or anxieties (1900). In the essay “The Ambiguity of Henry James”, Wilson interprets the ghosts in the Turn of the Screw as imaginary projections of the governess’s repressed sexual desires.
Psychoanalysis of the Novella
The young governess in the novella has mental illness, which is produced by her subconscious mind. As we know, Frued takes the subconscious system as a big house, which is full of the governess’s admiration and love to the children’s uncle. The governess, born into a poor family, gets her first job and finds her master in the future is a gentleman, who is very handsome and vigorous as well as single. The governess has never seen such a good man in reality except for in her dream or in the novel. The words that I am easily smitten to someone, and I am smitten to one person in London largely reflect her unconscious love to the male master. In the Victorian era, the sense of class is pretty strong. The governess has no qualification to express her love to the man because of her poor family. Thus, the traditional concepts and the sense of inferiority cannot realize her dream but force her love to stay in her subconscious mind.
In the novella, we can see that the governess arrange herself in the place of lover in order to make her position close to the man’s position. When she arrives at Bly, she not only plays as the two children’s governess, but also moves the little girl’s bed into her room. She tries to play the role of mother, governess and lover or even the representative of the children. She says: “I have an illusion that we are the passengers in a floating boat. As for me, I am the captain”, which shows that she takes herself as a big heroine to save the world and the ghosts she imagined are just to present her charming and thus she can win the master’s love . The governess thinks the objective things or others’ behaviors as those things she has as well, to conceal her own inner weakness and wins the satisfaction of replacement and thus reduces her inner anguish.
Meanwhile, after meeting the failure from Flora, the governess becomes a strange “monster”, which is situated in the conflicts between “inner ego” and “super ego”. When Flora leaves away, she is worried about Flora, not because Flora is her student but because she concerns that Flora is so smart that she will persuade her uncle to fire her. So she stays at Bly to win Miles’ trust and support. However, she is so crazy that she forces Miles to admit he has some connection with Quint to establish a brave impression before the man.
Conclusion
The Turn of the Screw is both a ghost novella and a psychological drama about the disastrous effects of Victorian sexual attitudes. Meanwhile, Frued’s psychoanalytic theory, especially the psychoanalytic criticism, paves a path to know the governess for us. The theory provides an essential perspective to analyze human being’s spirit and mentality, and plays a profound role on the literature. Besides, it is Frued’s theory that lets readers go into the governess’ of theTurn of the Screw inner world and explore her mental processes in the whole novella.

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