Argument Essay写作解析

Argument的意思是争论或者辩论，所以国外大学的Argument Essay就相当是国内的议论文。当然，Argument Essay跟国内的议论文还是有很大区别的，毕竟国内外的教育有很大的差异，所以我们不能按照以前的写作习惯去写Argument Essay。那么Argument Essay要怎么写呢？下面就给大家讲解一下。

第一段：开头段。主要是归纳论点，说明论点有问题，存在逻辑漏洞，准备发起进。

第一层：This argument concludes/recommends/argues that…

第二层：To support this conclusion the writer cites…/points out that…

第三层：However, this argument suffers from several critical flaws and is therefore unconvincing/ unpersuasive as it stands.

第二段和第三段甚至第四段：分类别去攻击各个逻辑错误。(以因果关系类错误为例)One problem with the argument is that, the editorial observes a correlation between… and …, then concludes that the former is the cause of the latter. However, the editorial fails to rule out other possible explanations for…For example,… Any of these factors, or other social, political or economic factors, might lead to…Without ruling out all other such factors it is unfair to conclude that…

第五段：结尾段。作者的结论似乎是合理的，但是通过论证，不是这样的。因此作者在做出决定之前，应该还要考虑其他情况。

以上就是关于Argument Essay的写作讲解，其重点就在于你写出来的论文要具有说服力，即论证要强而有力。

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Paper代写：Impact of plant protection on agriculture

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- Impact of plant protection on agriculture，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了植物保护对农业的影响。植物保护与农业的发展之间有着巨大的联系。利用科技手段，减少农药的使用量，保证植物的正常、健康生长上，在提高经济效益的同时，也可以缓解植物保护与农业发展之间的矛盾，促进农业生产的经济、社会和环境效益的同步提高。

On plant protection and agricultural sustainable development was analyzed, and the actual, points out the plant protection and agricultural sustainable development complement each other, the dialectical unification relations, and to strengthen and implement the fundamental basis of plant protection is to promote agricultural sustainable development, the sustainable development of agriculture and plant protection work steadily, in the mouth township of plant protection work, for example, to study the relationship between plant protection and agricultural sustainable development, put forward the balance of plant protection and Suggestions of the sustainable development of agriculture.

Plant protection is a comprehensive use of multidisciplinary knowledge, scientific and economic methods to protect the human target plants from harmful biological hazards, improve the return on production inputs, and protect the material interests of mankind and environmental interests of practical science; As a measure of agricultural technology, it is a part of agricultural management activities according to the needs of human society, according to the natural law of occurrence and development of pests and the possibility of technology and management.

Sustainable agricultural development refers to the development of adopting some basic methods of using and maintaining natural resources, as well as implementing technological and institutional changes to ensure that the needs of modern humans and future generations for agricultural products are met. It is an agricultural mode that integrates yield, quality, benefit and environment to arrange agricultural production. Its connotation includes: first, on the premise of not harming the interests of future generations, to achieve the balance of supply and demand for agricultural products; Second, to protect the balance between supply and demand of resources and the environment. Among the natural resources to be protected by human beings, plants are the main source of energy needed by human beings, which determines the direction and sustainability of human agricultural development. Therefore, the protection of plant resources should be in the first place. The relationship between plant protection and sustainable agricultural development is very close.

Baikou township is located in the southeast of xiangheng county. It is at a lower altitude and about 78 kilometers away from the county seat. Township people's government in the dam area, the east and guangxi tianlin county, leye county across the river, border with buyou township south, west and connected to the town of balai, north and adjacent to the town of balai. The total area is more than 233 square kilometers. The elevation of the township government is 350 meters, with the highest elevation of 860 meters and the lowest elevation of 308 meters. In December 1991 from the original baikou township and Yang xiang township of the jiangcun, dongli village merged into the establishment of baikou township. Township jurisdiction over a total of 4 administrative villages, 32 village groups. Township with a primary school within 100 primary schools, a arable land area of 14,000 mu. Fertile soil, suitable for a variety of plants and crops, is the county's forestry and animal husbandry development of the key township, the main production of rice, corn, upland rice, wheat, rapeseed, soybeans, cedar, oil tung, oil tea, green staves, yunnan pine, citrus, shatian pomelo and other economic crops and economic forests.

In the face of the agricultural development of our country's reality, mainly there are biological disasters, some foreign biological invasion, the damage to the natural balance of ecological environment, and biological disasters also affected the agricultural products trade, threatening public security at the same time, combined with domestic biological disaster prevention and control mechanism is weak, always facing biological disaster problems of agricultural production; In order to increase output, many agricultural households use a large amount of pesticides, and only want to rely on pesticides to increase economic benefits, which leads to serious misuse and abuse of pesticides. The safety of agricultural grain production is a serious problem.soil and water pollution are caused by some harmful organisms that endanger the safety of grain production, quantity, quality, storage, ecology, market and availability, and other backward plant protection measures. Nowadays, the problem of pesticide residue has attracted the attention of all circles of society. The deterioration of agricultural production environment and poor plant protection will affect the sustainable development of agriculture. Agriculture is the foundation of China's economic development and the promotion of industrial development, is the key concept of promoting national economic progress. The overall goal of China's agricultural production is to protect plants reasonably, effectively and comprehensively, reduce diseases, insect pests and environmental pollution, protect the agricultural ecological environment, produce organic and green agricultural products and develop agriculture sustainably.

The basic characteristics of sustainable agricultural development are: emphasizing agricultural development, attaching importance to the rational development and utilization of natural resources and environmental protection. To achieve the strategic objectives of actively increasing food production and paying attention to food safety; Efforts should be made to promote the comprehensive and coordinated development of rural areas, increase farmers' incomes and eliminate rural poverty. Rational utilization, protection and improvement of natural resources and ecological environment. The basic method to realize the strategic goal of sustainable agricultural development is to adopt agro-ecological technology, including three-dimensional planting and breeding technology, material recycling technology, rural energy comprehensive construction and courtyard economy and development and utilization technology. From the perspective of the basic characteristics of agricultural sustainable development, the strategic goals to be achieved and the basic methods to achieve the goals, the sustainable development of regional agriculture will be more conducive to the protection of plant resources.

In the process of regional economic development, people's awareness of the development, utilization and protection of natural resources shows that the more economically underdeveloped areas are, the lower people's income will be and the weaker their awareness of environmental protection will be. With the increase of people's income, the consumption of cultural goods also increases, people will have more opportunities to learn and contact environmental protection knowledge, and their awareness of environmental protection will continue to strengthen. Therefore, the sustainable development of regional agriculture will increase farmers' income and make them gradually get rid of the status quo of "relying on mountains and mountains" and "relying on water and water", which is more conducive to the protection of regional plant resources.

From the perspective of the utilization mode of agricultural resources, the utilization mode of agricultural resources can be divided into three types: extensive management and utilization mode, fine and intensive utilization mode and high and new technology industry selection and utilization mode. Among them, extensive operation and utilization type has the lowest efficiency, which is the last resort choice under the condition of underdeveloped economy. It is not conducive to environmental protection, especially to regional plant protection. The latter two are agricultural resource utilization modes with high efficiency and little impact on the environment under the circumstance of relatively developed economy. Therefore, with the sustainable development of agriculture, the economic growth rate will continue to accelerate, people will continue to abandon the inefficient extensive management and utilization and gradually adopt fine intensive utilization and high-tech selection. In this way, the protection of regional plants will be strengthened continuously. At present, due to the lack of funds, it is often difficult to implement the protection measures for the rare plant resources and characteristic agricultural plant resources in some areas. With the sustainable development of agriculture, increasing funds, these problems will be solved.

Chemical pesticides are artificial synthetic substance by chemical means, often has a dual nature, at the same time of promoting agricultural production and plant protection, due to the incorrect or unreasonable for pesticide use, polluted environment and crops, destroyed the agricultural ecosystem, has affected people's physical and mental health, and endanger the sustainable development of agriculture. In order to protect the ecological environment, the agricultural sector must develop new and efficient, low dosage, easy to decompose, low residue pesticide reduce pesticide residues in soil, reduce the pollution of soil and ecological environment, is the main work of agricultural sustainable development.

Ecological agriculture is a development model of modern agriculture with higher economic, ecological and social benefits, which is based on the systematic thinking, the principles of ecology, economics and ecological economics, and the application of modern science and technology, modern management means and the effective experience of traditional agriculture. Vigorously constructing and popularizing ecological agriculture will get twice the result with half the effort to accelerate and continuously promote the sustainable development of agriculture.

Practice has proved that the cultural quality of farmers is in direct proportion to the level of scientific farming. According to the survey, the average yield per unit area of the main labor force is 18.9% higher than that of illiterate farmers whose education level is above middle school, and their per capita income is 67.31% higher. With the improvement of farmers' cultural quality, their awareness of science and technology will be enhanced, their acceptance of science and technology promotion projects will be improved, and the correct use of pesticides will become a reality. Therefore, all levels of departments should strive to create a variety of environments to improve farmers' cultural quality, and constantly improve and enhance farmers' awareness of plant protection.

To sum up, it can be seen that there is a great connection between plant protection and sustainable development of agriculture. The use of scientific and technological means to reduce the use of pesticides and ensure the normal and healthy growth of plants can not only improve economic benefits, but also alleviate the contradiction between plant protection and sustainable agricultural development, and promote the synchronous improvement of economic, social and environmental benefits of agricultural production.

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Annotated Bibliography的写作分析

想必经常写作英文论文的同学们都知道，Annotated Bibliography是英文论文里非常重要的一个部分，它需要对文献进行归纳整理，然后做成一个列表。从这里可以看出，Annotated Bibliography的写作关键就在于文献的选择和引用，下面就给大家分析一下。

挑选文献

文献的挑选决定了文章的整体质量。一般来说学术性的文章，如Journal article，是最受欢迎和认可的。其次可以找主流媒体或者政府网站上的文章，这也是很多数据的来源地。最后也可以找一些网站上文章，最好能确保网站和作者的可靠性。不要随意挑选一些博客上的评论来充数。

阅读文献

快速阅读文章的主要内容，确认文章与自己所写内容相关。很多情况下可以通过阅读文章的abstract(概述)来快速决定。

引用

根据所指定的引用格式，编辑文献的作者，年份，标题，出版处等信息。切记，英国高校对引用有着极其严格的要求，其严苛程度不仅仅局限于内容准确，更体现在格式上，小到作者姓名，甚至一个标点。任何小的失误都会带来不必要的麻烦。

完成Annotation

编辑好引用后，剩下的就是完成Annotation. Annotation具体的要请参考具体作业要求，但无外乎一下三点:

1）Summary总结总结文献的目的，主要观点以及主要的论据和数据。

2）Evaluation评价讨论文献是否有用，作者的观点是否准确，提供的数据和论点是否可靠，跟其它文献比，此文献的优点和缺点都有哪些。

3）Reflection反馈文献跟本来需要写的题目是否相关？是否有助于形成你自己的论点？是否改变了你的观念？在你的文章里，你会如何使用此文献？

以上就是关于Annotated Bibliography的写作分析，留学新生可别忽视这部分写作的重要性，建议同学们在处理文献的时候多花一点心思，这样对写作会有很大的帮助。

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Paper代写：The question of fees at American universities

本篇paper代写- The question of fees at American universities讨论了美国大学的收费问题。虽然给每个公民提供接受高等教育的机会可以提高国民的识字率，并为经济带来很多好处，但让所有的学院和大学都免学费并不是改善国家生活水平的最佳选择，这是一个理想但不切实际的计划。因为在经济上，免费大学并不是真正的免费；在教育方面，他们剥夺了学术上潜在的有利机会；在社会上，他们培养学生的依赖性和不负责任。因此，美国的公立大学不应该是免费的。本篇paper代写由51due代写平台整理，供大家参考阅读。

John Adams, the first Vice President of the United States, once wrote: "The whole people must take upon themselves the education of the whole people and must be willing to bear the expense of it.” Based on his ideology, the public higher education in the United States had been tuition-free from the 1820’s to the 1960’s (Georgen, 2016). The tuition-free education was feasible, due to the much lower number of college enrollments in the past than it is today. With a population attending post-secondary schools more than ten times larger than it was in the previous century, it is economically impractical, educationally disadvantaged, and socially hurtful to free college tuitions; therefore, higher education beyond K-12 should be paid in the United States today.

Public colleges operate by government fundings and tuition payments from the students. If colleges became free, there would be a necessary increasing demand of fund for the government to satisfy the initial required cost to run such en educational institution, without the extra financial source that comes from students. The government would end up cutting the military budget, increasing tax rates, or redistributing the current fund for financial aids and student loans towards establishing the higher education free (Redd, 2016). But with the declining capital, a weaker military force would not be able to guarantee a strong national security as it is today, and even though a tax increasing might help at contributing free colleges, the wealthiest is likely to take the advantage of tax loopholes and eventually leave the burden to middle-or-low income families who would pay more taxes to have a free college education that is not really free as it still charging the families through taxes. Reallocating student financial aid funds to supply free colleges is potentially unfair to hardworking students from a lower-income family who might have the opportunity to access more advanced teachings if been offered the financial aid granted by the government (Redd,2016). Public colleges being free is economically impractical, because no fund can be directly withdrawn from or reallocated by the government without increasing the burden of average taxpayers.

Considering the cost of education, someone may argue that the tuition fee is not the only worry that matters to students from middle class families. It is true that the skyrocketing cost of education can bring loan burden to some students, which may take a long period of time to pay off. However, here the return on education investment ratio should be seriously considered. It is generally acknowledged that higher education institution is the cradle of fostering creative talents and creativity as well as the key origin of knowledge and hi-tech creativity, diffusion and application. For instance, if a student has the chance to enter Standard or Oxford to further the study, no matter which major the student chooses, he or she will definitely go. The average lifetime earnings of such a famous university graduate will probably far exceed any debt he or she might shoulder (Bennett and Wilezol, 2013). Besides, students should make a clear plan about what knowledge they can acquire from the university and take full advantage of the resources in the university. Also they cannot waste time in parties and other entertainment affairs like that. Although some students may need financial aid during their campus period, they can get scholarships through their own endeavor. College education can bridge social, economic, racial, and geographic divides like no other force. It can mean the difference between an open door and a dead end. And nowhere is this truer than in higher education (Boehner, 2003). It should be admitted that the college diploma is much more valuable than a high school diploma; students from working-class can use this certificate or degree to find a decent job in the labor market and even have the chance to enter the upper class in the future. Thus, on a long-term basis, such investment as associated with universities makes particular business sense. For all the benefits that colleges can bring to the society, the charges that colleges take are quite reasonable. The governments can offer more types of loans or grants to assist students who are failing to afford their tuition fees instead of waiving all the charges.

From another point of view, colleges should have the funding to improve their productivity, and the funding is not easy to get from the government totally, since the government also has its own budget, the higher education expense just occupies a certain part of it. As the origin of science, the technology output of a college is the knowledge innovation, technical innovation and high-level personnel training base. Without sufficient financial support, the speeds of technology development of a college will surely slowdown, which can be very damaging to a college’s reputation. Also, the teachers and professors should feel motivated and safe if the research funds are sufficient, they will be concentrated on the research work as well as teaching jobs and the colleges can keep their talent. For students who enter colleges will also gain benefits as they will receive good education and enjoy the academic atmosphere in the college.

An alternative to collecting the enough fund that ensures free public colleges might be accepting donations for the institutions themselves. However, if the number of college enrollments keeps growing because of zero tuition, donation funds would probably not be keeping up, as a result, colleges would have to cut their staff members, reduce their facility renewal frequencies, or decrease the varieties of their programs such as researching opportunities and studying abroad (Kelley, 2016). With a larger student body but a less effective educational systems, neither the colleges nor the students can be benefited. Therefore, freeing higher education would lead to a less advantaged learning since the lack of teaching resources.

Nonetheless, a higher college enrollment number could still be beneficial to the nation as a whole. Claims been made by saying that the more educated people in the working force can take the unoccupied but knowledge-required job posts, and there might just be a fewer people who would reach to the government reaching for assistances (Redd, 2016). However, these would only be true if the students attending free colleges had ever been studying hard and earning the degree to post graduation. Students who go to college because it is free would not have as much motivation as for students who choose to get a higher education even if they struggle to pay the tuition. Research had shown that only 15 percents of students from public two-year colleges, and 63 percents of students from private, for-profit, two-year colleges go on and earn a bachelor’s degree (Ginder, 2016). If students do not value their learning opportunities and experiences, the college drop-out rate would be increased while the graduation rate would be decreased. These students would more likely become financially independent and seek for guaranteed public services whenever possible. In general, rewarding students who are academically exceptional would encourage them continuing hard work, but providing a free higher education that is reachable to everyone would cause the students irresponsible for their study and economically dependent.

Offering the opportunity of higher education to every citizen can increase the national literacy and give rise to possible benefit for the economy, but having all colleges and universities to be tuition-free is probably not the best choice of fixing the nation’s standard of living. It is an ideal but impractical plan, because economically, free colleges are not really free; educationally, they take away the potential advantaged opportunities in the academic; and socially, they cultivate students to be dependent and irresponsible. Therefore, public colleges in the United States should not be free.  

Reference

Cota, A., Laboissiere, M., & Dua, A. (2012, February 24). 5 Ways to Make College Much More Affordable for All Americans. Retrieved November 13, 2017, from https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2012/02/5-ways-to-make-college-much-more-affordable-for-all-americans/253564/

Ginder, S., & Research Triangle Institute. (n.d.). Enrollment in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2012; Financial Statistics, Fiscal Year 2012; Graduation Rates, Selected Cohorts, 2004-2009; and Employees in Postsecondary Institutions, Fall 2012: First Look (Provisional Data). National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved November 13, 2017, from https://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2013183.

Kelly, A. P. (2016, January 20). The New York Times Company. Retrieved November 13, 2017, from https://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2016/01/20/should-college-be-free/the-problem-is-that-free-college-isnt-free

Lewin, T. (2011, January 24). Public Universities Relying More on Tuition Than State Money. Retrieved November 13, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/24/education/24tuition.html?_r=3

Roads, R. A. (2016, January 14). Free college and healthcare for all. Retrieved November 13, 2017, from http://money.cnn.com/2015/10/16/news/economy/sanders-taxes-spending/

Sanchez, C. (2014, March 18). How The Cost Of College Went From Affordable To Sky-High. Retrieved November 13, 2017, from https://www.npr.org/2014/03/18/290868013/how-the-cost-of-college-went-from-affordable-to-sky-high

Thelin, J. R., Edwards, J. R., Moyen, E., Berger, J. B., & Calkins, M. V. (n.d.). Higher Education in the United States - HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT, SYSTEM. Retrieved November 13, 2017, from http://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/2044/Higher-Education-in-United-States.html

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Essay代写：The compulsory education law in Britain

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- The compulsory education law in Britain，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了英国的义务教育法规。英国义务教育法规经历了萌芽、全面确立和进一步发展三个阶段，每一个阶段都制定了相应的义务教育法规。《1988年教育改革法》是20世纪英国最激进的一次教育改革，它规定实行义务教育阶段的全国统一课程，实行全国统一的成绩评定制度，家长有权利为子女选择就读学校并参与学校管理，学校可以摆脱地方教育当局的管理，把资源的控制权下放给学校。

In the first half of the 19th century, Britain adopted a laissez-faire policy on primary compulsory education. As the industrial revolution drew to a close, the British government gradually realized the seriousness of the problem of primary education, and the original laissez-faire concept gradually changed to moderate intervention, and issued a series of laws and regulations on compulsory education.

In 1802 promulgated the apprentice health and moral act, the law regulation, "at least in the first four years, each apprentice work must take working days, as part of the in general working hours, depending on the age and ability of the such apprentice, paid for by such apprentice factory owners, employ appropriate, self-serious faculty, apprentice in a special place to teach reading, writing and arithmetic, or one of the three doors... The act, which stipulates that apprentices must receive a proper education, indicates that the British government has started to intervene moderately in compulsory education.

The factory act of 1833 stipulates that children aged 9 to 13 must provide proof of their participation in school education, and that children should spend two hours in their working hours to receive education and learn preliminary "3R" knowledge and religious knowledge... The factory owner must have the age certificate of the factory doctor and the teacher's certificate of admission to the school. The factories act was amended again in 1844 to require proof of schooling for child Labour. The factories act of 1846 further clarified that "factory education is compulsory and is one of the working conditions". The promulgation of the factory law played a positive role in promoting the education of the children of the working class.

In 1860, the "mining law" stipulated that 10-11 children could not receive further school education until they obtained the "3R" certificate.

As mentioned above, the government issued many laws and regulations to force children to receive primary education, but in fact, the situation of primary education in Britain was extremely backward during this period. However, there is no legislation on compulsory education in the real sense, which can only be said to be the embryonic stage of compulsory education legislation in Britain.

And the real sense of compulsory education is from 1870 the British government promulgated the "primary education act" began. Between 1870 and 1891, primary education in England became free and compulsory.

In 1870, the primary education act stipulated that children aged between 5 and 12 should receive compulsory education. If the parents could not give a proper reason for not sending their children to school, they would be fined less than 5 shillings. Public schools should be set up in areas where there is a shortage of schools. The weekly tuition fees should not exceed 9p, and private schools are not limited in amount. This statutory compulsory education for the development of Britain laid the foundation. For one thing, it stipulates the obligation of parents to send their children to school. On the other hand, tuition fees in public schools are limited to no more than 9p per week.

Article iv of the sandon act was passed in 1876 clearly stipulated the parents of the elementary education for children accept legal responsibility: "every child's parents have a responsibility to let their children receive enough reading, writing and arithmetic of elementary education, if the parents did not fulfill this responsibility, so they should obey this bill put forward by the various commands, and should be punished by the various of the bill." The act requires school districts that do not have school boards to set up a "school admissions service," which has the power to make and enforce compulsory enrollment laws.

1880 the British parliament passed the mandela act. The law further provides each school district school board or school admission committee shall have the duty to enact local laws and regulations, on the problem of students regulation 5-10 years old children unconditional admission, only 10 to 13 years old children reach a certain performance requirements or consecutive five-year normal school accept education, shall be released from their obligations so long as entrance requirements, specific criteria are determined by local laws and regulations locally. In the form of the education law, the article stipulates the minimum working age and the corresponding compulsory education age under the jurisdiction of the factory law, which marks the formal establishment of the compulsory primary education system in Britain.

Fees issue of compulsory education, in 1891 the government issued the free primary education law, the parents shall have the right to demand from the children of elementary education, the cost of 3-15 years old children's annual per capita government funding for ten shillings, original tuition schools are no longer with less than 10 s of charge to all students, higher than ten shillings may charge certain fees standard school, but the amount and the sum of per capita government funding shall not exceed the original tuition standard. By providing a certain amount of per capita government grants to primary schools, the act greatly reduced the tuition fees of a small number of primary schools in Britain and made free education available to most of them.

After the 20th century, the compulsory education laws and regulations in Britain have entered a stage of further improvement and development.

In 1918, the British parliament passed the education bill proposed by the education secretary fisher, and enacted a new primary education law, also known as fisher education act. The act makes the following main provisions for compulsory education: local authorities open early childhood schools for children aged 2-5 years; 5-14 years of age for compulsory education stage; Primary schools are free of charge; The employment of children under the age of 12 is prohibited. Local authorities should establish and maintain continuing education schools and provide young people who enter such schools with appropriate courses of study, instruction and physical training free of charge, and young people should receive 320 school hours per year in the continuing education schools. The fisher education law extends the compulsory education period to 14 years old, and all primary schools are free of charge.

In 1944, the British government passed the education reform program proposed by the education committee with butler as the chairman, namely the education act of 1944, also known as butler act. The provisions of the act on compulsory education are as follows: the implementation of compulsory education for 5-15 years of age. Parents have the duty to ensure that their children receive compulsory education and that enrolled students attend school regularly. Local education authorities provide full-time education and part-time education to persons who have passed the age of compulsory education. The butler act extended the compulsory education period to 15 years old, stipulated the responsibility of parents for their children's compulsory education, and local education authorities provided education for those who exceeded the age limit.

In November 1987, British education secretary baker presented the education reform plan, namely the education reform act of 1988, to the British house of Commons. The contents related to compulsory education in the act include the implementation of national unified curriculum for compulsory education. In the compulsory education stage, all students must learn 10 compulsory courses, including three core courses of English, mathematics and science, and seven basic courses of history, geography, technology, music, fine arts, physical education and modern foreign languages. Additional courses include classics, housekeeping, business studies, health knowledge, information technology applications, biology, a second language, and livelihood guidance. We will establish a national performance evaluation system for compulsory education. Each subject of compulsory education has corresponding achievement goals. Each achievement goal is divided into ten levels corresponding to the grade, and is evaluated at the age of 7, 11, 14 and 16. At the end of compulsory education, students take part in the national general certificate of secondary education (gcse) exam to assess their achievements. Give parents the "option" of enrolling students. Specific practice is, the "standard number" that limitative primary and secondary school enrolls students, the parent can be in this area or another area chooses a school for the child, the school is in when enrolling a number to be not full, cannot refuse the entrance requirement of the student. This is known as the "open enrollment" policy. The education reform act of 1988 is the 20th century Britain one of the most radical education reforms, it stipulates the compulsory education phase of the unified national curriculum, implements the unified national performance evaluation system, parents have the right to choose their children attend school and participate in school management, school can get rid of the management of local education authorities, the control of resources to schools.

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