下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- The secrecy of caravaggio's work，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了卡拉瓦乔作品的隐秘性。意大利杰出现实主义画家卡拉瓦乔，一生狂妄叛逆、放纵古怪，无视艺术规则，却影响了文艺复兴之后的所有风格，为美术史添上了浓墨重彩的一笔。《生病的巴克斯》是卡拉瓦乔重病期间的自画像。身穿白色长袍的年轻男子，裸露着上半身侧向我们，手中的葡萄和脸上的表情带着明显的邀请和性挑逗意味，究其身体疲惫的感觉，导致画作的象征意义如此难以辨认，让观众在面如青色的人物肖像面前无法揣摩画家的心意。如自画像中的卡拉瓦乔是否会接受观众的亲吻，是否带有死亡之前弥留的喜悦。此时应是卡拉瓦乔艺术生涯里最困顿、最难解的日子。
Italian outstanding realistic painter caravaggio, life is arrogant and rebellious, indulgence and eccentric, ignore art rules, but affected all styles after the Renaissance, art history to add a thick black color. His wild and confused life is known by the spread of paintings. This paper analyzes the situation and theme of caravaggio's works of different periods and works that contain self-portraits, trying to interpret his painting miracles.
Michelangelo merisi da caravaggio's life is like a controversial novel. He is defiant, independent, brilliant and bad-tempered. At the height of his fame, Italy's upper classes were proud to own his work. His life was marked by a series of fights, and his acerbic, arrogant, and violent character made him a frequent presence in Roman police stations and courts. The greater his fame, the more devious his conduct. His use of light influenced the whole of the west. His understanding of religious themes and mastery of images influenced later western artists' treatment methods and became their rich source of creation. He was worldly, sophisticated, and knew how to impress the bishops with words, words, and pictures so that they could submit to him. He also knew how to find in the crowd the feet of the virgin Mary that he needed for his picture, the instantly polished fingertips of Jesus, the calloused hands and thick, rough backs of the laborers who carried out the killing.
Born in milan, he was better known as caravaggio when his family brought him home as a child to escape the plague. When caravaggio was 13, he studied with Simon petzano, who was said to have been titian's closed disciple, but no records or paintings show how good a painter he was. But in the contract with Simon, the teacher had to teach the students the necessary painting skills, such as sketching, perspective, anatomy, murals, and the method of turning paint into paint, so that students could earn their own living after the end of their apprenticeship. Besides, it is necessary for students to maintain the personal property of teachers during this period, and of course, the most important thing is to work hard. Caravaggio's apprenticeship ended in 1588, and at the age of 21 he left for Rome.
Rome at this time, like a bustling town square farmers gathered together, all kinds of heavy goods pulling wagons, donkeys, sheep, combined more than people. This is an era of caravaggio thank, in 1527, the army of the holy Roman emperor, Charles v after Rome ransacked the, churches and palaces were burnt into ashes, in Rome without a complete piece of glass, many celebrities and art forty-five thousand Roman people fled from Rome, here is rapidly declining to ruins.
When caravaggio first arrived in Rome, reconstruction work was under way, building monuments, planning churches and palaces, painting large religious paintings, churches and priests sought artists to actively create works of art that could whitewash the peace, and Roman cardinals became art collectors and patrons.
Smart and poor caravaggio knows how to please his wealthy employers, his work at this time in every social class has a representative image, whatever high or lowly, rich or poor, in caravaggio flash, they only need to replace a set of gear can be church frescoes in the religious subjects of Mary magdalene and Mary, John, lowered miracles of Jesus. But before he met his patron, caravaggio barely made a living painting portraits of people on the street, often moving from room to room with people he knew, making ends meet by painting three portraits in a studio. According to one account, caravaggio worked for eight months as an artist for cesari, a favorite of both the Pope and cardinals, and he asked caravaggio to help paint decorative fruits and flowers. It was certainly not a very pleasant apprenticeship, for only inexperienced and unrecognized apprentices were called upon to paint the fruit in the corner, but it enabled caravaggio to quickly master the art of still life.
"The sick bacchus" and "the boy with the fruit basket" are two of caravaggio's remaining works in the cesari studio, which were acquired by Pope Paul in 1607.
"Sick bacchus" is a self-portrait of caravaggio during his serious illness. Dressed in a white robe, the young man approached us with his upper body exposed. The grapes in his hands and the expression on his face were obviously inviting and sexually provocative, which led to the feeling of physical exhaustion. As a result, the symbolic meaning of the painting was so illegible that the audience could not figure out the painter's mind in front of the blue-faced portrait. For example, whether the caravaggio in the self-portrait will accept the audience's kiss, whether it is with the dying joy, whether it rejects us to see into his little happiness, whether it knows that he can rise in the future. This should be the most difficult and unsolvable day of caravaggio's career.
"The fruit basket boy" is a more recent companion to "sick bucks." A typical Italian boy holds a basket of ripe fruits and looks at the audience with uncomprended eyes. What is different from the previous picture is that the host of the picture is healthy, youthful and full of vitality. The boy selectively poses in a provocative manner, with his head slightly tilted back, his eyes blurred and his mouth slightly open, a look full of temptation that makes one wonder whether the painter's intention is to attract our attention or to intensify our attention to his model's intention. In this dreamlike image, we see caravaggio finding classical elegance and being able to present his own suffering in a state of perfection or high inspiration in the brush.
In 1595, cardinal del monte bought caravaggio famous works "Nostradamus" and "cheat", invited him to his wife house with hundreds of artists, sculptors, singer and musician live together, to the creation of caravaggio extremely favorable environmental and economic sources, "musicians" caravaggio is specially for gold main del monte, creation of the first picture. The scene in the painting seems to be instantaneous. Four young people are preparing for a concert. The boy in the center, dressed in an almost transparent white coat, is tuning the lute. The red ribbon hanging from his shoulders tests the artist's grasp of the overall tone. He is brewing feelings, and his eyes are already full of tears. The young man on the left seemed to be an angel, cutting grapes from a vine for a feast. The boy on the right, dressed in a transparent robe, is studying music scores, unaware that we are admiring the smooth skin and thick muscles that his selflessness reveals. And the musician between the two young men who were tuning and turning over the sheet music had a familiar and youthful face, and it was the 23-year-old caravaggio himself, who had been gazing at us, singing, and idly gazing at us for centuries.
It is said that cardinal del monte, caravaggio's patron at the time, as a young man was particularly fond of women with bad reputations, but as he grew older he turned his attention entirely to young boys. Before he was elected Pope, he could still control his power and sexual desire, and then, like a flood of water, he recklessly kept his boys in the lady's palace, and even named a boy as his successor in his dying will. Rome was a city in which men far outnumbered women, and even the most devout fathers and conscientious officials could not repress their impulses and desires for same-sex partners. Academic studies in recent years have revealed that homosexuality is very common in Florence, and even priests hope to reduce the occurrence of certain incidents by legalizing prostitution. Public flogging, humiliation, imprisonment, and even castration of a few have not been effective in saving the souls of those trapped in such discriminatory, sacrosanct violations. Against such a background, it is more difficult to determine whether the privacy of caravaggio's work is a tribute to the youth of a young man by its patron, or whether caravaggio's feelings have temporarily found earthly sustenance. These things were as difficult to understand as when he had left the studio of his first teacher, but left behind "the sick bacchus" and "the boy with the fruit basket", and left the luxurious and disorderly life in the lady's palace of cardinal del monte. But what we do know is that caravaggio's reputation grew with it, and with it, his competitive streak, the cutting, the arrogant, the bad-tempered, the debauched, the eccentric -- almost all the words that early biographers used to describe the low moral quality of mankind. Caravaggio always worked in the studio for two weeks, then marched in the square for two months with weapons and aides, defiant and involved in endless fights with his friends.
Caravaggio's Rome was violent and indulgent, haunted by scenes of disaster and tragic death, but always with subjects that were popular with artists. The scene of caravaggio grew dim and composed, changing from a bright frame to a light effect against a dark background like a drama of life. Caravaggio's habitual treatment of light Settings was also met with heated debate from conservatives at the time, who argued that "he would never get out of the basement, and would always have to set the characters on a flat surface and under a beam of light for technical reasons."
Dark and indistinct background, allegorical plot and dramatic body language appeared in works of this period, such as the controversial death of the virgin, the conversion of st. Paul, the calling of st. Matthew, and the martyrdom of st. Peter. Caravaggio was no longer concerned with the pious eyes of the saints in the audience, but with the tortured faces of life, people who needed to be roused violently in extreme ways. The black background like a curtain, the still and simple composition, the simplified characters and the climax of the story all become the details depicted in the picture. It is also the charm of these details that gives us another way to imagine these potentially eternal moments that are inadvertently frozen into the picture by caravaggio.
The mastery of the use and technique of light soon led to caravaggio's many followers. One of his rivals, giovanni baglion, who imitated him so closely, not only copied caravaggio's composition and tone, but also his lighting and body language, which annoyed caravaggio. What was especially humiliating for caravaggio was that baglion's images of excessive chaos played to the taste of the jesuits, taking a share of caravaggio's increasingly large bill. But it is puzzling that baglion, who had always pretended to be moderate, should have brought a libel suit against the viceroy of Rome in 1603, exacerbating his conflict with caravaggio.
Caravaggio had no remorse for this, and went on living a life of pleasure and strife and violence. Frequent legal disputes, clashes with warnings, and capricious temper finally led to a major clash at a tennis match in 1606, when caravaggio stabbed his opponent to death and fled Rome in a street brawl over reputation, dignity, and anger. Fortunately, wherever he went, he quickly gained fame and money, as well as the popularity of the local aristocracy and upper class and the following and adulation of local artists. Not content, caravaggio joined the order. The general, vignacott, was so pleased with caravaggio's portrait that he made him a knight. Caravaggio was soon imprisoned for fighting a knight, stripped of his knighthood, and expelled from the order like "rotten limbs."
"David with the goliath's head" is caravaggio's last self-portrait. His face was thick and ugly, with blood streaming from his forehead, his eyes weak, his eyelids drooping, a dying and feeble figure, as if he were wearing a mask of uneasiness, faced with impending death and weakness, and pain and fear surrounded him.
If it were not for the superb painting skills, we might not be able to remember caravaggio in the vast list of famous artists in the history of art; Had it not been for such a moody, irascible caravaggio, he might never have been able to tell such a compelling story. As far back as 1610, when the 39-year-old caravaggio lay dressed in a hospital in the port of elcolai, art history might have been made better if he had survived for a few more days until his powerful Roman friends would have helped him get a pardon.
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