英文论文写作常见误区分析

由于文化差异和用语习惯的问题，很多留学生在写作英文论文的时候会不经意的就犯错了。虽然这样的错误不算很严重，但也会影响论文的质量，所以我们得改掉这些写作习惯，提升自己的英文写作水平。那么英文论文写作常见的误区有哪些呢？下面就给大家分析一下。

1、写英文不能一逗到底，句子与句子间应该用句号或者分号，或者用连词连接。中文写作有时一个段落的句子之间都用逗号隔开，在段末一个句号。在英文中，如果是两个完整的句子，一定要有连词and、but、because连接，要不用句号或者分号。例如，he wants Edmund to be well, he cares about him这一句话，正确的形式应该是he wants Edmund to be well, and he cares about him. 还有以下一句，This dissertation only focuses on one book by Shakespeare, some findings may not be accurate. 第二句中间也应该有一个and.

2、喜欢用as far as I am concerned, I think, in my opinion等一类的表达。在口语中，偶尔加一个I think无大碍。在正式的写作中，这类表达应尽量避免，尤其不要出现诸如In my opinion, I think这样的句子，显得重复累赘。

http://www.51due.com/online-tutoring/writing-skills/sample68351.html​

3、惯用always, everyone, everywhere, nobody等一类过于绝对的词汇。比如，everybody would agree...世间少有everybody都同意之事。因此，英文写作中也应尽量避免使用As we all know一类的表达，世间很少事情乃人人皆知。

4、标题首字母的大小写问题。比如，An Overview of studies on Hemingway，这里studies需要大写。在标题中，实词的首字母需要大写，虚词的不用大写。但是，如果第一个单词和最后一个单词，无论实词还是虚词，都需要大写。比如，The Day You Went Away， away系虚词，但出现在最后一个词，故需要大写。

5、滥用also, just, so等副词。有的学生几乎每一句话都出现also这个词，恐怕源于他在中文写作中不正当使用“也”；也有学生过度使用just, 许多句子中出现不必要的just，恐怕也因在汉语表达时喜欢用“就”。

6、含蓄而不知所云的题目。中文论文题目往往谦虚、含蓄。通常是“对于…分析”，“…的作用”，“对于…的研究”之类的。这大概是中文论文比较通用的题目格式，但是对于英语读者来说，这类题目太含蓄，基本上等于什么也没说。从而他们会觉得作者并没有明确的主题和立意，和对自己研究的自信。所以，依照英语习惯，一般不说“The Effect of X on Y disease”, 最好说 “X prevents Y via … mechanism”。不说“The study of X in Y function”, 而是说明X在Y功能中到底起了什么作用。

7、充满数字但没有总结的结果。经常看到结果部分的描述充满了数字。这其实是很让读者头疼的一件事。很多中文文章的结果部分就是数字的堆砌。一堆数字之后戛然而止。好像是在考验读者的智商：我看你能从这些数字里面的出什么结论？试想你是一位工作繁忙的教授，恐怕忙到连自己学生的数据都没有时间细看，在审稿的时候会仔细的推敲一大堆数字之后的深刻含义？除非你是本领域内大牛任务。这样的行文一般都是让审稿人省事了－直接拒掉。

一般来说，结果部分数字并不是必要的，而是“佐料”。贯穿的主线应该是逻辑链条和一个故事。应该以数据作为依据，但是重点是讲出明白、准确的结论。不要说“XX检测中，Ａ组值是0.322，Ｂ组值是0.432，Ｃ组值是0.877，．．．”，而是最好写成“Ｃ组在XX检测中，值最高，表明Ｃ组给药效果明显，从而说明该药物有某某效果。”

8、几乎是自我反省的讨论部分。有相当多的文章，讨论部分总有一两个段落，是自我反省式的：“本文的缺点有如下几条：．．．”。“本研究虽然。。。但是样本量较小”。你要知道，杂志所接受文章的数量是极其有限的，所以忙碌的审稿人对于素不相识的文章的态度是找茬的态度。可以说，没事儿还要找出点事儿来。这种类型的讨论，大概是符合我们中国人谦虚低调的文化，但是对于讲英语的审稿人来说，无非等于在法庭上认罪了。审稿人可能会很奇怪，你知道不行为什么还要投稿？所以，在讨论文章不足之处的时候，要讲究策略。要能够虽然是再讲不足，但是其实是在给自己圆场，就是即使审稿人发现了这些不足，也不能因为这个就把文章拒掉。

9、避免出现“XXX教授的研究表明…”之类语言。中国人尊崇权威，论文中往往写“XXX教授研究指出…”。可是这完全不是英语论文的习惯。因为，XXX教授一般不是什么名人。即使是名人，这种点名式的描述，往往给人一种要宣战的口气的感觉。一般来说，直接说有研究表明就可以，不要点名就好。

以上就是关于英文论文写作的误区讲解，同学们在写作英文论文的时候一定要注意这些误区，特别是刚到国外留学的学生，更要重视这些问题。

51due留学教育引领海外留学的风向标，打造最好的教育品牌，提供专业的留学生作业代写服务，我们为自己的品牌代言，不负留学生的期待。提供全方位的服务，包括essay代写、paper代写、assignment代写、留学生作业代写服务。

更多关于留学生作业代写的内容，点开主页栏目，即可快速获取论文代写相关资讯，如果各位有留学生作业代写需求，可以咨询24小时客服QQ：800020041，为您详细解答。

写作英文论文之前要做什么

由于中国留学生在写作英文论文上天生劣势，所以必须要比别人更加努力才行。首先，在导师布置完论文之后，我们就得开始准备论文写作前的工作。分析论文的要求、中心思想，还有相关文献的查阅，下面就给大家讲解一下。

一、仔细阅读导师给出的论文相关要求

一篇论文所涉及到的相关要求，这是一篇论文拿到手后所要考虑的重中之重，也是今后这篇论文写作过程中的指导性文件。一般导师对于论文的要求会包含论文的字数，题材，排版规定，交稿方式，完成期限等。但是对于国外大学的论文相关要求，普遍来说，论文的题材是具有选择性的：一篇论文要求中，导师会给出几个可选题目，同时给出一个实例，要求你选择其中一个题目对这个实例进行分析。

许多学生在拿到论文相关要求后，往往只是粗略的看了下这些条例，然后选择一个相对容易写的题目，马上就开始投入写作。但实际情况是，当你已经花了很多功夫写了很多内容后再反过去看论文要求，会发现要求所规定的论文写作范围以及实例的具体情况与自己所写的部分不搭架，或者所写的偏离了论文给出的相关要求，偏偏这时候又发现时间所剩不多了，文章却又写跑题了，然后就只能焦头烂额的修改甚至重写，写作的激情也被浇灭了。造成这种情况的原因其实是多方面的，一是可能由于学生本身的不细心；二是全英文的论文相关要求，没有经过仔细的推敲和研究，光凭阅读一遍可能无法领略其中真正的含义和导师所想要得到的东西。

​http://www.51due.net/online-tutoring/writing-skills/sample32159.html

二、抓住论文的中心思想

正如国内大学的论文一样，每篇英文论文也有其中心思想，即文章所要表达的内容。在英文论文中，这个中心思想可能是广义的，多方面的，要把握起来相对比较困难。这要通过对论文要求的仔细研究而得出，如果自己把握不住论文的中心思想和写作方向，建议可以和导师以及同学讨论。要切忌，偏题是大忌！宁愿多花几分钟，就算是一个小时去研究论文的中心思想，也不可胡乱开始写作。

三、分析导师的意愿、爱好

在国外留学的留学生应该都知道，国外的大学教育，有少部分的课程可能是通过大课堂的形式向学生们提供授教，但是绝大部分学科的学习过程是通过小课堂、小组授教的形式来完成的。目前的形势分析表明，很大一部分留学生在国外读的是私立大学，于是乎他们所面对的几乎全部都是小课堂的教育模式，也就是说在一个教室上课的学生可能只有10到20人，导师将更多、更好的和每一个学生接触。另外，对于国外大学教师以及教授的素质，不得不说高于国内很多大学，他们会去真正认识和了解他所教育的每一个学生，在每一门学科的学习过程当中，任何一个学生都不会是打酱油的，导师随时都在关注着你。但是，众所周知，老师都喜欢好学生、有能力的学生的，所以，导师对于每一个学生的要求也就不一样，希望学生所能取得的成绩也不同。至于国外大学对于论文的评分，不仅看重你的文章内容，也要考虑到导师的意愿，要知道西方人的情感因素往往会影响到我们的分数，而不像国内的论文评定中规中矩，遵循条条框框。

在这种前提下，作为留学生，多跟导师交流便成了一大重点，这在英文论文写作的部分也是具有重大意义的。我们应该在学习过程中多和老师交流，了解这个老师他的爱好，要去迎合他，讨好他，在论文中按照他的意愿和爱好去写：写他爱看的，用他喜欢的方式去写。但声明一点，我这里所说的讨好和迎合并不是对广大留学生崇洋媚外思想的误导，而是提倡大家通过这种方式取得高分，顺利毕业，然后早早学成归国。

四、资料查阅

资料的收集和查阅对于英文论文的写作至关重要，合理有效的收集和查阅资料将对论文的写作提供很大程度上的帮助，并能简化写作的难度。一般在论文的相关要求中，会明确表明出此论文参考资料的范围，包括书籍，杂志，课本，随堂资料以及网络资源。这就需要学生去仔细参考研究，翻阅大量的资料，找到与论文相关的，对论文有帮助的内容。对于一篇论文的整个写作过程，我建议花80%的时间来查找和整理相关资料，剩余的20%时间留给写作，这样写作时将得心应手，顺顺利利写完收工。

在资料的查阅方面，也有需要注意的部分和相关技巧，这主要是针对网络资源的应用，恰巧这又是留学生最喜欢采用的方式。随着网络的迅速发展，一些大型的网站给我们的资料查阅提供了相当方便的途径，于是乎从网上的复制粘贴，抄袭成了许多留学生写论文的主要手段，导师对这点也是相当忌讳的，从而可能会导致整篇文章的不合格。“plagiarism”正是为了预防这种情况而产生的一款网络软件，以至于许多大学在对论文的要求中会注明文章需要提供“plagiarism”的检测比例，并且一些出名的网站也被明令禁止使用，诸如Wikipedia等。面对这种情况，我们可以采取以退为进的战略方针，即在这些网站中查阅相关资料后理解并消化有关内容，然后以自己的语言来表达上述内容，并在论文结尾的“reference”部分对这些内容进行来源标注，技巧性的把这些内容的来源“转移”到一些相关杂志上，让导师认为我们并不是从网络上抄袭下来的，而是从书籍中引用的。这里有一点小技巧：我们虽然知道导师面对大量的论文批改工作，可能不会仔细对照我们的资料来源，但是不怕一万、只怕万一，如果导师心血来潮去检查呢；或者导师知识面极广，酷爱阅读，熟悉各种有关杂志书籍呢？面对这种情况，我们可以利用我们是留学生的潜在优势，即在所引用资料的来源部分填上中国国内的书籍和杂志名称，这样一来，外国老师就不可能去对照研究了，如果导师还是要去细究，那我们只能对天感叹，果断膜拜这位钻研帝了。

以上就是关于英文论文写作前的准备工作，同学们在拿到论文要求一定不能瞎写，必须要先做好这些准备工作后再开始论文的写作。

想要了解更多英国留学资讯或者需要英国代写，请关注51Due 英国论文代写平台，51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构，专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作，主要业务有essay代写、paper代写、assignment代写。亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多关于论文代写以及英国留学资讯，我们将为广大留学生提升写作水平，帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有论文代写需求，可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

Paper代写：Internet Personal Loan

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- Internet Personal Loan，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了互联网个人借贷。互联网个人借贷，指的是出借人通过合法互联网金融平台把自己的合法所得借出给他人在一定时期内有偿使用的互联网金融业务。当然，其中也有风险存在，就是借给他人后到期却无法收回，所以我们得规避这种风险。

Internet finance refers to the financial business that traditional financial institutions and Internet Platform Enterprises use Internet technology and information and communication technology to realize financing, payment, investment and information intermediary services.

Personal loan refers to the financial business in which a lender lends his lawful income to another person for a certain period of time.

Internet personal Loan refers to the Internet financial business in which lenders lend their lawful income to others for a certain period of time by means of legal Internet financial platform.

http://www.51due.net/writing/research-paper/sample32157.html

The personal loan risk of Internet refers to the possibility that the lender will be unable to recover the loan due to the legal Internet financial platform after it has been loaned to others by contract.

System risk refers to the risk of all natural persons who are engaged in the investment and financing business through a network loan information intermediary. The risk mainly comes from the network loan information intermediary itself, may also come from the Fund trustee, the guarantee party and so on. Among them, the most common and most serious system risk is the risk caused by network loan information intermediary. For example, when a network lending information intermediary "ran", destroying all network lending information that should be kept, resulting in the inability of all investors on the platform to recover the systemic risk of principal and interest; For example, the guarantee company and the Internet financial platform belong to the same major shareholder, the two are in collusion, resulting in a third party guarantee in a non-existent, Even if the network loan information intermediary does not "flee", not bankrupt, the investor may also face the system risk which cannot recover the principal and the interest.

Individual risk refers to the risk of not returning the principal and interest of the lender as a result of default by some borrowers.

Compared with individual risk, system risk is a more serious risk, and it is the focus and difficulty of personal loan risk control of Internet.

The different kinds of Internet personal loan risk make the main body and measure of the control should also differ. The system risk should be dominated by the State, platform and personal control as a supplement, the individual risk should be based on platform and personal control, supplemented by state control.

The system risks to internet personal borrowing, such as the "Running" and closing of financial platform, are beyond the control of individual investors, as a platform for their own interests may not want to control. Therefore, the control of the risk should be mainly based on the state as the responsibility subject. According to the "guiding opinions on promoting the sound development of internet finance" issued by 10 departments such as the People's Bank of China on July 18, 2015, the CBRC should do the top design of the risk control and individual risk control of Internet personal loan system. The local financial Supervision Department should make the record, daily supervision and information disclosure of the Internet personal loan platform according to the specific management measures developed by the CBRC. The local financial supervision departments should be held responsible for the systemic risks caused by the irresponsible of the local financial supervision departments due to the failure of the legal record, the lack of information disclosure as required and the illegal fund-raising.

The individual risk of Internet personal loan should be based on network loan information intermediary and personal control. The primary responsibility of the platform is to ensure that the lending information issued is objective, true, comprehensive and timely. The platform for publishing false and misleading loan information should be investigated in accordance with the relevant criminal and civil liability.

As an individual investor, the main responsibility is to fully and correctly understand and interpret the information published by the platform, and to make appropriate investment decisions according to the information and rules provided by the platform, and to take responsibility for their own decision-making mistakes, and bear the principal and interest losses arising therefrom.

To ensure the independence of network lending information intermediary. The intermediary of network loan information must be independent when it is engaged in personal loan intermediary business. The so-called independence means that there is no economic interest relationship with the borrower or the lender. If there is a kind of economic interest relationship between the network loan information intermediary and the borrower, the two parties may collude to do the harm to the lender's interests. If there is an economic interest relationship with the lender, the two parties may collude to harm the borrower's interests. In real-world online personal lending cases, lenders are the most vulnerable to loss. Therefore, we should focus on ensuring that there is no economic interest relationship between the intermediary of the network loan information and the borrower. The common circumstances that may impair the independence of the intermediary of the network lending information are: The intermediary of the network lending information lends itself to the relevant parties, such as parent company, subsidiary, etc. The senior managers of the network loan information intermediary have close kinship with the borrower.

Strengthen the industry self-discipline of network loan information intermediary. The network loan Information Intermediary trade association should be established, and the industry self-discipline should be strengthened. Can consider the first in the economy developed, the Internet financial platform for more Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other regions to carry out the pilot, and so explore the successful industry regulatory experience, and then work out a feasible network lending information intermediary practice guidelines, and nationwide promotion.

Regularly publish the National Network lending information intermediary key business indicators ranking. Regular through the CCTV economic channel to publish the National network lending information intermediary key business indicators ranking, for lack of financial knowledge of individual borrowers to choose the right network lending information intermediary to provide loans and investment reference information, thereby reducing the risk of personal credit network. These key business indicators include but are not limited to the following indicators: Year-End loan number, year-end loan amount, average annual loan interest rate, year-end lender number, year-end overdue loan number, year-end overdue loan amount, year-end overdue loan ratio, year-end borrower default number and proportion.

Standardize the content and format of Web information disclosure of network loan information intermediary. Information disclosure does not control all Internet personal credit risk, but the lack of information disclosure, false, misleading and so on will inevitably increase the Internet personal borrowing risk. True, accurate, complete and timely information disclosure is a basic work that the Internet individual credit risk control must do well. Specific recommendations are as follows:

First, the disclosure of the home page. Home is the first page of the Network loan information intermediary website, is also the most important page of the website each page. The page should disclose the information that lenders are most concerned about rather than the information that intermediaries deem most important. For example, a lender's investment should include, but not be limited to: first, a risk tip: a reminder of daily and temporary risks. The daily risks include prompting the lender to bear the principal and interest losses arising from the loan, and the temporary risks include the difficulties of the intermediary website operation, the postponement of the presentation, the abnormal network and the high level of the anomaly. The second is the type of the standard and the annual interest rate: The category includes pure credit, collateral, collateral, collateral and so on. The third is the basic information of the financing project, including but not limited to the project name, type, main content, geographical location, approval document, repayment source, loan use, loan amount, loan period, repayment method and interest rate, credit rating or credit score, guarantee situation. Four is the intermediary fee standard. Including the guarantee fee, the recharge fee, the present fee and so on. Five is the possibility of early redemption and redemption charges. The possibility of transfer and transfer of conditions and charges.

Second, the disclosure of the Personal Account page. In the case of lenders investing, the information that should be disclosed in the Personal Account page includes but is not limited to: first, the recharge situation, the second is to present the situation, the third is the balance of the account available, four are investment projects and electronic contracts, five is the calendar, six is the transaction record, seven is the disclosure of intermediary pages.

Simplify Internet personal loan litigation process and procedures. According to the current civil Procedure Law, who advocates the right who should initiate a lawsuit. In Internet personal lending, some lenders may borrow a small amount, such as less than 100 yuan. These people usually give up suing the borrower and cause their legitimate economic interests to be protected by law. To this end, the law should allow the highest lender in the subject to initiate the prosecution of the borrower as the prosecution representative. Once the lender's representative wins, the Law enforcement Agency should force the borrower to repay the overdue loan principal, interest and penalty interest to all lenders on the subject.

According to the current Code of Civil Procedure, "who advocates the right to testify", the plaintiff shall submit all legal evidence to the court. In the case of Internet personal borrowing, where a party representative is prosecuted, all lenders should be considered as a community of interests and can assist the lender's representative in submitting evidence of the proceedings to the court. The court shall treat the evidence provided by all borrowers as evidence provided by the lender on behalf of himself and adopt it.

According to the current Civil Procedure Law, the parties to the Court to submit a documentary evidence, should fill in a form of two proof list, details the name of the evidence submitted, the number of pages. After the evidence is checked by the court contractor, the Contractor shall sign and seal the evidence list, one to the parties and one for the record. In the Internet personal loan lawsuit, these procedures should be done through the court and the client's computer terminals. The court charges and other litigation charges should also be paid through the Internet third party.

想要了解更多英国留学资讯或者需要论文代写，请关注51Due英国论文代写平台，51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构，专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作，主要业务有essay代写、paper代写、assignment代写。在这里，51Due致力于为留学生朋友提供高效优质的留学教育辅导服务，为广大留学生提升写作水平，帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有代写需求，可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

51Due网站原创范文除特殊说明外一切图文著作权归51Due所有；未经51Due官方授权谢绝任何用途转载或刊发于媒体。如发生侵犯著作权现象，51Due保留一切法律追诉权。

Paper代写：The birth of tragedy

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- The birth of tragedy，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了《悲剧的诞生》。在《悲剧的诞生》一书中，尼采表达了他的悲剧艺术观念。艺术是对梦境的模仿，悲剧艺术代表希腊人对生活的理解和体验。艺术欢乐源于酒神狂醉的忘我体验。人们在悲剧合唱队里获得个体生命消失的体验，实现了对终极命运的消解。悲剧的功能在于以审美的态度对待人生，获得暂时的解脱。

On Nietzsche's tragic thought, it is generally believed that the focus is embodied in the book "The Birth of Tragedy", but, because of the different versions of the translation, the understanding of his tragic thought is not consistent, this article tries to the "tragedy of the birth of" reading, on the book's tragic thought, to talk about some understanding. This article holds that the tragic thought in this book can be summed up in four aspects: first, the art is the imitation of the Dream, and the dream is the image of Apollo embodied in the real life and the experience of this life. Second, the art of joy from the intoxicating spirit of ecstasy experience. People in the tragic chorus of the individual disappeared into the universe as a whole experience, dispelling the ultimate death of the fear of fate. The third is the Greek tragedy is the Apollo image and the Nesos spirit combination of the product, Apollo image is the external form of Greek tragedy, the Nesos spirit is Greek tragedy ideological content. Four is the function of tragedy is to make mankind obtain the metaphysical solace.

In "The Birth of Tragedy" a book begins Nietzsche to put forward "the sustained development of art by the Apollo Spirit and the Nesos spirit of the two-yuan restrictions, ... The continuous struggle between the sexes, but only through periodic reconciliation, we have benefited a lot from aesthetic science. ...... In connection with the two artists, Apollo and Nesos, we realize that ... There is a great antagonism between the Apollo Art, the plastic arts and the Dionesos art, namely the non modelling music art. ...... At last...... Make the two seem to be together, ... The tragedy of Attica, which is both Nesos and Apollo's works of art. Nietzsche likened the two spirits to dreams and intoxication. So what is the relationship between the Greek tragedy as an art and the dream and the intoxication? Why do Greeks like tragedies so much?

http://www.51due.net/writing/research-paper/sample32156.html

Nietzsche borrowed the view of Schopenhauer to expound the relationship between dream and art: "At some point you can feel that man and all things are the endowments of pure illusion and dream, which is the mark of Philosopher's ability." "It can be seen that the difference between the philosopher and the ordinary man lies in the fact that philosophers feel that people and reality often show illusory features of dreams, a phenomenon that produces a true sense of illusion, and ordinary people do not experience it." The relationship between the philosopher and the reality is very similar to the artist's relationship with reality. On the relationship between artist and reality he suggested that "the relationship between the artistically sensitive man and the dream reality is comparable to that of the philosopher and the reality of existence." He likes to ' watch ' the dream reality, because he interprets life according to the images in the dream, and through these processes he drills himself to adapt to life, ... Because he lives and suffers in these scenes. But on the other hand, he still had that illusion of faintly feeling. "Nietzsche believes that the artist's sense of the relationship between people and the dream world, like the relationship between the philosopher and the reality, philosophers often regard the reality as an illusory phenomenon, it is not the essence, but temporary appearance." Artists experience the essence of life through their understanding of dreams. Therefore, the experience of the dream is the experience of reality, the experience of this illusion is often brought to the experience of joy and pleasure, this is the effect of art, so art is The imitation of the dream, that is, "The beauty of Dreams is the premise of all plastic Arts." Nietzsche further "The relationship between the Greek artist and the archetype", to speculate that: "Given their incredible stereoscopic ability in the eyes, their persistent and sincere love of color, we should not only think that their dreams also have a logical causal relationship of line, contour, color, layout, With their finest reliefs of similar stage effects, this makes all posterity ashamed. The perfection of their dreams gives us reason-if it can be likened-to call the dreamer the Greeks homer and to call Homer the dreamer of the Greeks. This analogy is more profound than that of modern people who dare to dream more than Shakespeare. "This explains Nietzsche's belief that the Greek obsession with dreams has reached a level comparable to the art created by artists in reality; their dreams are the theatrical effects of reality; everyone is an artist like Homer. Art comes from dreams, it is the imitation of dreams.

Spirits of Dionysus flowed from non-Greek to Greece. Because of its indulgent animal character, the Greeks began to resist the spirit of Apollo. But because of the tremendous impact of this carnival power, the Apollo Spirit had to reconcile with it. The reconciliation caused a great change in the spirit of Greece. The experience of making the Greeks a new life experience was the "ecstasy" that they had achieved in the chorus of the Wine God Day, which made the Greeks feel as if the feast of the Gods was "a day to save the world, a time to be deified", The song and dance of the original life and the music of Apollo, which had been circulated in the Greek area, were quite different from the music of the gods, the kind of music developed to depict the state of Apollo as a kind of metaphorical voice peculiar to the harp. And those who decide the characteristics of the Nesos music and even the general music of the factors-the tone of the touching shock, the melody of the strong running straight, harmony, the incomparable realm. "Only" in the Nesos Carol, people are strongly stimulated ", in such a strong stimulus, people can" most fully mobilize all his symbolic ability, "and produced" some never had feelings." This powerful symbolic power of the Nesos music, is the tragedy and music of the spiritual archetype of the non plastic arts, in this music stimulated people to achieve the realm of ecstasy, so as to achieve the wine God Festival believers in their own vitality of the symbolic capacity of the maximum release, And this kind of symbolic power is the wine God believers to the life fear experience performance. The Greeks at first did not understand this spirit, is the fear of the Apollo-type life consciousness and the Nesos of the life of the Russian Association. In the Apollo art, people rely on Apollo's fantastic and magnificent icons to overcome the fear of existence, which is the same meaning that Nesos music causes people to forget themselves and thus get rid of the present fear. From this point of view, the Greeks felt that the spirit of Apollo and the Nesos spirit in the essence is the same, they are the manifestation of human nature, Apollo Spirit is a human illusion, Dionesos spirit is a person's sense of intoxication. Their function is to overcome the hardships of life refuge.

Nietzsche believes that tragedy is the result of the interaction between the spirit of God and the spirit of Dionysus, first of all, in the wine of God's song, is the crazy drunk Nesos The spirit of the stimulation of the chorus members in the excitement of the mood, the emergence of "dramatic original phenomenon:" As if they really enter another body, into another person. Nietzsche believes that there is an essential difference between the ode of Dionysus and other choirs. Other choirs will not forget their real identities, such as the choir of the Apollo sacrifices, and the wine God chorus is completely oblivious to their past and social status in the world. In the Ode to the gods, the performers seemed to be possessed, both as performers and bystanders. As spectators there was an illusion in their eyes. And this illusion is the scene on the stage-drama. The reason for this effect is that in the process of the wine God, the actor has to mobilize the two natural abilities-dreams and drunkenness. The Greek tragedy is the result of the interaction of these two instinctive forces. The tragic dialogue and the plot are the illusions that come out of the drunken spirit of the ode Chorus. The concrete form of this illusion is the Greek tragedy, the Apollo image is the external form of the Greek tragedy, and the Nesos spirit of the Russian is the ideological content of the Greek tragedy. This Nietzsche further explained that "the Greek tragedy is understood as the continuous evolution of the Apollo phenomenon and the Nesos chorus." The chorus part that joins the tragedy is the mother belly of all so-called dialogues, that is, the whole image world and the drama itself. In many successive evolutionary processes, the original roots of tragedy radiate the illusion of drama. This illusion, on the one hand, is a fantastic phenomenon, and thus has the nature of Homer's epic, but on the other hand, as the Nesos of the state of Di-Russia, he is not in the image of the Apollo-type relief, but the disintegration of individuals, individuals and too one integration. It can be said that drama is the Apollo-type sensibility of Nesos cognition and effect of Di-Russia, so it is different from epic. That is, the purpose of tragedy is to use this form to achieve the dissolution of individual life, into the whole life of the universe, so as to achieve the artistic effect of escaping from the reality of fear.

Nietzsche believes that tragedy is the spiritual pillar of the Greek survival, the Greeks rely on this fictional art world, to forget the reality of pain. Tragedy is another form of Greek life, where art and life are intertwined. The interweaving is "the chorus team that played the daughter of Poseidon really thought they saw the giant god Prometheus." "In other words, the SA chorus as the first form of tragedy, although art creation, ... But this kind of creation is by no means random imagination, it is the result of the combination of spirit of God and spirit of Dionysus, it is the spiritual power of the Greeks to get rid of the fear of life. In the view of the Greeks, these images in the tragedy came from the world of Olympus God, which the Greeks believed existed. The image of the Nesos in the chorus is a symbol of the spirit of the Russian people, and the tragedy is of religious significance to the Greeks because of the Greek worship of mythology and religious ceremonies. The Greeks in the face of tragedy, they will forget the reality of their own, experience is the entire universe that eternal life as a whole. To this Nietzsche said: "The drunken state of Nesos, including his general boundaries of survival and the destruction of barriers, in its continued process contains the elements of the river, the past experience of everything has become blurred, forgotten." Such a forgotten river separates the daily real world from the real world of Nesos. ...... Once one realizes the truth he sees, what he sees within the seas is only the monstrous absurdity of existence. At this time "only art can make a terrible sense of survival ... Into the imagination that can make a living, these imaginations are: the art of containing the terrible is the sublime solemn, the art of dissolving the absurd disgust that is ridiculous. The chorus of the song of Dionysus is the salvation of Greek art.

To sum up, in the "Tragedy of the Birth," a book, Nietzsche expressed the tragic art concept: first, art is The imitation of Dreams, tragedy art represents the Greek understanding of life and experience. Secondly, the joy of art stems from the ecstasy experience of Dionysus. People in the tragic chorus team to obtain the experience of the disappearance of individual life, to achieve the ultimate fate of the dissolution. Thirdly, the Greek tragedy is the combination of the Apollo image and the Nesos spirit, the Apollo image is the stage form of the Greek tragedy, the Nesos spirit of the Russian is the ideological content of the Greek tragedy. The function of tragedy is to treat life with aesthetic attitude and get temporary relief.

想要了解更多英国留学资讯或者需要论文代写，请关注51Due英国论文代写平台，51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构，专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作，主要业务有essay代写、paper代写、assignment代写。在这里，51Due致力于为留学生朋友提供高效优质的留学教育辅导服务，为广大留学生提升写作水平，帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有paper代写需求，可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

51Due网站原创范文除特殊说明外一切图文著作权归51Due所有；未经51Due官方授权谢绝任何用途转载或刊发于媒体。如发生侵犯著作权现象，51Due保留一切法律追诉权。

Essay代写：Machiavelli's Way of monarchical politics

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Machiavelli's Way of monarchical politics，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了马基雅维里的君主权术之道。《君主论》是意大利政治学家、思想家尼科洛・马基雅维里结合自身丰富的政治经验而撰写的一部著作。在书中马基雅维里从文化、政治、军队三方面论述了君主权术之道，成为资产阶级国家学说的经典作品。

"Monarch" is a book written by Italian political scientist and thinker Nicolo Machiavilli with his rich political experience. In the book Ma Chiaviri from the cultural, political, military three aspects of the way of the monarchy, become the classical works of bourgeois state theory.

Machiavelli was born in Florence, Italy in 1469, when Florence was in prime time, and this development was very much related to the family of the United States. In the 1494, the American family was overthrown by the people's uprising, the Florence Republic was established and Machiavelli went to politics. Machiavelli realized that only a unified and centralized state could make Italy strong. He believes that the urgent task is to find a monarch to unify Italy, thus the "monarchy" came into being. This book is based on the assumption that "human nature is evil", that the emergence of the state is the need of human nature itself, denying the divine right of divine authority, separating politics and morals. There are many controversies about the evaluation of this book, and the Evaluation of Machiavelli is a matter of opinion.

http://www.51due.net/writing/essay/sample32153.html

The key of national unification is the unification of culture. The first five chapters of the monarch discuss the composition of the monarchy and how to maintain its rule. In the new dominion, the key is the assimilation of ideologies, which is the best way to rule long. The unity of cultural customs makes people's way of life need not change, people can live according to the original way of life, the society is stable, there will be no riot phenomenon. However, the conquered territories are difficult to retain the conquered countries in language, customs and systems that are different from those of the state. In the extinction of the original rulers, but also in the law, institutions, customs and other cultural areas of cultural erosion, so that it and the conquest of the country's cultural unity. If this method is different, it can send immigration or army to The, which will make the occupation more stable and lasting.

Culture is the soul of a country, and the precondition of its stability is the unity of culture. For a nation, only the majority of the people in the cultural identity, there is a national centripetal force, then the nation will be a long-term harmonious and consistent people. Social harmony, the nation continues to advance development, productivity will continue to rise.

In the theory of the monarch, MA believes that the Sovereign's personal ability affects the stability of the country. The monarch administered the country with a lion-like valor and a fox-like cunning ability, that is, brawn. "Those who rely on their power to become monarchs are difficult when they gain sovereignty, but it is easier to keep them in the future." The suffering of the sovereign right is partly due to the new rules and regulations that they have to adopt in order to establish the State and ensure security. But there is no more difficult than embarking on a new system, and no more uncertain and dangerous than the success or failure of the matter. "In Markov's view, fate can only dominate half of our destiny, and the other half is in our own hands." "Those who rely on luck and rise from the common people to become monarchs are not very hard jet-black to make their fortune, but it is hard jet-black to retain their status," he said. "Thus, the sovereign's ability to exert himself is capable of mastering his own destiny and being secure." In modern society, individual ability can be promoted, talent is the road of power, innovation is the soul of national progress, the key to the development of the country is talent. At present, the State should pay attention to the development of school education, continuously improve the quality of the whole nation, encourage scientific and technological progress and innovation, and promote the soft power of the whole country, so that it will be in a favorable position in the international competition. Through luck or opportunistic is not workable, true scholarship is hard Kung fu.

In dealing with the relationship between the people and the nobility, Machiavelli believes that people are more easily satisfied than the dignitaries, without seriously damaging the noble interests of the premise, to maintain good friendship with the people, otherwise in adversity there will be no hope. "If the throne is won by the patronage of the people, he finds himself a Wei Juan independent person, and no one around himself is not prepared to obey himself or only a few people are not prepared to obey himself." And it is more difficult for a man to rely on the help of his nobles to gain the throne than to rely on the people to attain it. Therefore, a wise monarch should consider a way to make his people in any period of time for the country and his personal needs, they will always be loyal to him. "Thus, Machiavelli's view of the people-oriented, with the support of the people, the monarch's power will be very stable, unshakable." In our country, the people are the masters of the country, the stability and harmony of the country depend on the people. Therefore, "think what people think, anxious people's urgent" concept is in line with the trend of the times, which is conducive to our focus on economic development, improve people's livelihood, reduce social contradictions and achieve reunification. Therefore, the party in the process of construction has always stressed that "walk the mass line" is consistent with the trend of the times, we must always adhere to and implement good "from the masses to the masses, all rely on the masses, all believe in the masses," the line, which is now the Chinese people thought and the party

Machiavelli believed that any monarchy without its own army was precarious. The army is divided into its own army and foreign armies. It is dangerous for a monarch to rely on mercenaries or reinforcements, because mercenaries are not united, loyal, swaggering among friends, and timid in the presence of their enemies. They do not have any faith, the war did not break out before they are willing to give you a soldier, so that you can get the pay, but after the outbreak of war they will escape or leave, such an army is "human money not for people to eliminate disaster." Therefore, such an army is unreliable and can only bring loss to the state. Reinforcements are no exception. They are more united, obey the orders of foreigners, if the war defeated, the country is finished, on the contrary, if victory, the country will become a captive of reinforcements. In short, there is or no reinforcements are unsafe, are the monarch is not willing to accept the situation. Therefore, the foreign army is unreliable, the wise military to rely on their own troops, only the victory of their own army is the real victory. "The weakest and most fragile thing in the world is the reputation of power that is not based on one's own power." "Therefore, in addition to war, the military system and training, the monarch should not have other goals, and should not be other undertakings as their own professional, because this is the person in command should be the only professional." The sovereign's mind never leaves the military training issue, in peacetime, we should pay more attention to military training, at the same time, in order to train the mind, the monarch should read history, study the actions of the great figures in history, draw lessons from the historical figures in the war, and do "a lesson from the car," and follow the example of the great man. But at this point a little bit of metaphysics was committed.

Nowadays, there is no defense against the state and the people are not disturbed. As a country, a nation, the most important thing is nothing more than two events. One is the development problem, the other is the security issue. The national defense is the human society development and the security need question, is the national independence premise, is the national prosperity development important condition, is the national comprehensive strength important embodiment. In the continuous development of terrorist forces today, with a strong national defense is very necessary to build a scientific and technological strength and high combat capacity of the Army is the need for national security, while the terrorist forces and separatists have a certain deterrent force, the people's work and work security. The stability of the country is the basis of all development, and stability depends on national defense, by the Army. Therefore, Machiavelli's view of the army is of reference in the present time, and it also embodies the foresight of its thought.

Machiavelli regarded politics as the instrumental theory of pure politics and was far-sighted. "Monarch" is a combination of practice and theory, the book has some unique ideas of politics is quite praised. The idea of cultural integration in the book, advocating the formation of their own army in the army construction, in the respect of the people's strength and the maintenance of June Wei, in today's society are very influential and referential significance. However, we should also be divided into a view of its political thinking, Markov's evaluation should also be objective.

想要了解更多英国留学资讯或者需要英国代写，请关注51Due英国论文代写平台，51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构，专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作，主要业务有essay代写、paper代写、assignment代写。在这里，51Due致力于为留学生朋友提供高效优质的留学教育辅导服务，为广大留学生提升写作水平，帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有essay代写需求，可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

51Due网站原创范文除特殊说明外一切图文著作权归51Due所有；未经51Due官方授权谢绝任何用途转载或刊发于媒体。如发生侵犯著作权现象，51Due保留一切法律追诉权。