北美作业代写：Accounting work in the era of big data

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- Accounting work in the era of big data，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了大数据时代下的会计工作。在大数据时代下，基于云计算基础上的新型会计信息将取代传统意义上的会计信息，并发挥出更大更广的作用；大数据下的新型会计信息不止局限在企业的生产经营活动上，而是从企业的内部控制、业务管理等综合角度对企业进行全面整体的反映和分析，从而得出适合有效的会计数据信息，为会计核算工作提供科学的数据基础。

In the context of Internet big data, new accounting information based on cloud computing will replace traditional accounting information and play a bigger and broader role. Big data under the new accounting information not only limited at the production and business operation activities of the enterprise, but from the corporate governance structure, institutional setup and the Angle of internal control, business management, and other comprehensive enterprise to conduct a comprehensive reflection and analysis of whole, thus draws the suitable for enterprise development and effective accounting information, provide scientific data for accounting work.

Enterprise's continuing operations is traditional accounting recognition, measurement and reporting of the basic premise, the Internet era of big data broke the regional and limitations of accounting information, on the basis of cloud computing provides more valuable information, available resources, change affects the enterprise production and business operation mode and direction, which also played down the traditional enterprise inherent way of continuing operations.

In the traditional accounting work, the accounting stage is to divide the production and operation activities of the enterprise into continuous and identical periods. The purpose is to enable the enterprise to clearly settle the profit and loss, understand the operation results and cash flow. Accounting information in big data is carried out in virtual information space and environment such as the Internet and cloud computing. Enterprises can extract and select all kinds of accounting information that are valuable to them at any time and anywhere without being limited by time, region or space. Therefore, accounting staging in the traditional sense is losing its significance in the era of big data on the Internet.

The Internet era of big data, used in the virtual environment of cloud computing in the process of accounting information, enterprise can not constrained by "money" that means of payment, currency "" network" alipay "" COINS" the rise of the virtual currency, to the era of big data accounting information accounting offers many money value imagination space, thus has also changed the people to the Internet in the era of big data monetary measurement.

In the era of big data on the Internet, enterprises focus on the development and use of accounting informatization functions, and play an important role in the analysis, prediction and decision-making of accounting data through information resource sharing and integration. Therefore, it is proposed for accountants that they should not only master the basic skills of accounting and supervision, but also understand the use methods of big data on the Internet and the effective use methods of accounting information in big data in terms of analysis, prediction and decision-making, so as to maximize the functions of accounting information analysis and decision-making in big data.

Traditional accounting work mainly focuses on accounting and bookkeeping. In the era of big data on the Internet, accounting work focuses on data analysis, research and judgment as well as providing reliable materials for decision-making. This undoubtedly fundamentally changes the process of accounting work, and greatly improves the efficiency and quality of accounting work with the help of efficient cloud computing, and promotes the development of enterprise management.

The use effect of the traditional accounting data is not through the accounts, statements for decision making and management departments to provide the status and effect of enterprise production and operation, and the Internet in the era of big data of accounting data for decision-making, the administrative department of the production and operation of enterprise is more detailed and accurate analysis, decision-making report at the same time, through data platform of sharing resources for more external demanders provide valuable and practical results of accounting information.

The Internet makes it easy to collect, collect and select vast amounts of data without being restricted by region or time and space. Cloud computing greatly improves the efficiency of processing, analyzing and using accounting data. Big data platform processes diversified accounting data into targeted and applicable information resources; these undoubtedly fundamentally improve the efficiency of accounting work, saving the cost of accounting work.

Traditional accounting information is mainly obtained through manual calculation, check and logical verification, while the most important function of the Internet big data platform is the accurate collection and processing of data information. The platform can compare and identify hundreds of millions of data, and select the data most suitable for the business needs of enterprises. At the same time, it can properly process and sort these data and finally present the most useful and accurate accounting information to enterprises.

In the era of big data on the Internet, the functions of accounting work analysis, prediction and decision-making have been playing an increasingly important role in the business management and strategic decision-making of enterprises. Undoubtedly, these functions have continuously improved the important position of accounting work in enterprise management. At the same time, the improvement of the status of accounting work in turn promotes its continuous integration and communication with the big data of the Internet and promotes the continuous improvement and development of accounting management.

The traditional accounting information processing mode cannot have satisfied the needs of the development of the enterprise information, enterprises should actively use the Internet technology rich accounting information processing model, according to the actual situation of the information provided by this output different patterns of accounting statements, integrated all aspects of the accounting information of enterprises on the prediction of the economic development in the future.

The change of the function of accounting information makes the accounting data required at this stage break the monotony and rigidity. By virtue of the advanced and efficient Internet technology, it provides more timely and convenient information for the decision-making of enterprise management and saves the time of enterprise data planning.

At present, financial reports of enterprises are prepared by accountants after the balance sheet date. The process of preparation is long, and users of financial information cannot obtain information in time. With the emergence of the Internet and big data, enterprises realize the importance of real-time accounting information and the real-time reporting of accounting information brought by the Internet and big data era.

The function of accounting has always been to respond to the accounting activities that have occurred in the past, but it cannot predict the accounting activities that will occur in the future. Under the influence of big data, accountants need to acquire more available information resources, predict various risks that may occur in the future, and make reasonable plans.

To sum up, in line with the development trend of big data and Internet +, the accounting work needs to be reformed to better serve the development strategy of the enterprise. In the future work, the staff must face up to the changes in accounting work, at the same time improve the understanding and application of big data on the Internet, break the constraints of traditional accounting model, find the right direction, and actively promote the reform of accounting.

51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明：原创paper代写范文源自编辑创作，未经官方许可，网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为，未经同意的情况下，51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写服务。

51due为留学生提供最好的paper代写服务，亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多paper代写范文 提供作业代写服务，详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

北美作业代写：Accounting and capital markets

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Accounting and capital markets，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了会计与资本市场。在现代资本市场发展过程中，资本市场给经济发展带来了不同程度的影响，在这些影响发生时，资本市场危机的发生并不是由于其本身的问题引发的，而是由于受到多方面的因素影响。资本市场越发达，资本市场的保障基础越重要，会计发展也越快，会计信息和会计监控的作用也就越明显。会计与资本市场的关系也不仅是服务于被服务的关系，更是一个相互影响的关系。

In the process of development of modern capital market, capital market for financing and resource allocation center, has become an indispensable part in modern economic life, but it also has brought economic development, the influence of different level in these effects occur, the capital market crisis is not due to its own problems, but due to various factors. In the final analysis, capital market is a market where property rights are traded, and the relationship it embodies is essentially a property rights relationship. A good property rights system must be guaranteed in two aspects: on the one hand, it requires a sound legal system to protect property rights; on the other hand, it requires corresponding accounting information and accounting control to be guaranteed. In this sense, accounting is responsible for protecting the subject of property rights, and defining, measuring, recording, reporting and controlling the property rights, thus becoming the core factor of the capital market. The more developed the capital market, the more important the guarantee foundation of the capital market, the faster the accounting development, and the more obvious the role of accounting information and accounting supervision. The relationship between accounting and capital market is not only a relationship serving the service, but also a relationship of mutual promotion and mutual influence.

The great depression of 1929-1933 enabled people to have a full understanding of the guaranteeing role of accounting and accounting information, and thus led to the emergence of a model of capital market regulation with both governmental administrative regulation and industry self-discipline, which eventually led to the formation of unified accounting standards.

According to his many years of stock market price movements, the Eugene F. Fama empirical research put forward effective capital market hypothesis in 1970, thought in a society full of information exchange and competition, a specific information can be investors know immediately, then, the competition of the stock market will drive stock prices fully reflect the information in time, so as to make the investors according to the information that there is no abnormal compensation of deals, but can only earn the average market return rate of risk adjustment. Eugene F. Fama mainly discusses the relationship between accounting information and asset pricing. His theory has a great influence on the research methods of accounting field. Many research results on accounting information are built on this basis.

The end of the 19th century, the theory of regulation, the early theory mainly pareto and pigou's welfare economics is put forward on the basis of the regulation of public interest theory, control theory of interest groups, produced by the later period of the 20th century "regulatory capture theory of government regulation" questions, in the 1980 s after the theory of asymmetric information and incomplete information, demonstrates the necessity and importance of government regulation. The theory of regulation also has a certain influence on the accounting field.

In recent years, the problem of capital market has gradually become the focus of attention of accounting scholars. The research scope mainly focuses on the following aspects: the accounting treatment of listed companies; Corporate governance of listed companies; Accounting information problems of listed companies; Financial problems of listed companies. Before, most of them focused on the one-way guarantee of accounting to the capital market while ignoring the impact of the capital market on accounting. From the historical perspective, this article attempts to relationship between capital market and the development of accounting as the main line, from a macro standpoint to explore, the integrated use of inductive and deductive method, using the method of historical analysis, evolution and a variety of economic theory framework, from the perspective of different period, different relationship between capital market and accounting are studied, in order to find out the dynamic relationship between the two.

Capital market is mainly a system of financing by means of securities credit, guiding capital flow through securities trading activities and promoting economic development through effective and reasonable allocation of resources. No matter how the form of securities changes, the relationship it embodies is always a property right relationship. As a result of securities, the capital market can achieve the goal of reasonable allocation of economic resources through the function of financing, investment, pricing and incentive.

In the initial stage of capital market, the influence of accounting on capital market can be understood from the following aspects: the role of accounting in the formation of capital market, the dependency of property right on accounting development, property right maintenance and controlled accounting is reflected in the evolution process of the whole capital market. The role of accounting in fiduciary responsibility identification and enterprise internal management. Without the evaluation of fiduciary responsibility by the accountant and the information provided by the accountant about the company's operation management and capital movement, the company's operation can hardly achieve the expected effect. The role of accounting information disclosed to the public. Without reliable financial information, it is almost impossible for investors and creditors to make decisions conducive to their own development, and capital market participants can only make decisions based on subjective assumptions.

The relationship between modern capital market and accounting is basically a benign interactive relationship. Firstly, the complex property structure of capital market provides the basis for the accounting to perfect its theoretical system. Secondly, while serving the property rights and capital markets, accounting completed the transition from bookkeeping to modern accounting and opened up new fields, such as equity theory, depreciation theory, cost accounting and information disclosure theory all developed and matured in this period. Finally, the demand of capital market regulation promotes the establishment and improvement of accounting supervision system, which strengthens the macroscopic management function of accounting. The development of accounting must adapt to the development of capital market. When the development of accounting ADAPTS to the development of capital market, accounting can promote the development of capital market. On the contrary, the operation of capital market will be abnormal, and even endanger the financial market and the whole economic market system.

After the 1970 s, the world capital markets height prosperity, and generate the securitization of financial market, capital market liberalization, and new characteristics of capital market internationalization, these new features necessary to have a great impact on accounting, if do not pay attention to the impact of the new change of accounting, is bound to lead to the contradiction between capital market and accounting, causing the crisis of capital market. These new features of capital market not only challenge modern accounting, but also give modern accounting development opportunities, accounting must adapt to the needs of capital market through development. Similarly, in our country, the capital market inefficient or ineffective is the direct cause of accounting problems, and the problem of accounting to a large extent influenced by capital market positioning, of course, China's capital market accounting in addition to the influence of capital market positioning, also by the defects of the regulatory system itself and the company internal accounting information system and the influence of the internal control system development. Fortunately, in recent years, China's capital market regulatory and accounting authorities have conducted comprehensive management of China's capital market, and the problem of capital market accumulation for many years is gradually solved.

The history of capital market is not only the history of modern and modern accounting, but also the history of the relationship between accounting and capital market. The relationship between capital market and accounting is one of mutual influence, mutual dependence and mutual promotion. On the one hand, accounting provides information and management guarantee for the emergence and development of capital market; on the other hand, the complex property right relationship of capital market provides the environment and conditions for accounting to expand the field and improve the theoretical system of methods. Without accounting, it is difficult for the capital market to emerge and develop. Similarly, without the broad sky provided by the capital market, the theory of accounting cannot be developed to today's height, and the status and role of accounting cannot be widely recognized. In short, capital market and accounting influence each other and promote each other in the development process, improving their functions and quality. Nowadays, with the acceleration of economic globalization and capital internationalization, the relationship between accounting and capital market becomes more inseparable. The relationship between capital market and accounting is an evolving dynamic relationship. The capital market in different periods has different characteristics, and the capital market in different countries or regions has different characteristics. Correspondingly, the relationship between capital market and accounting also presents different characteristics. The forms of the relationship between capital market and accounting are different in different periods, and the requirements of accounting and accounting information are also different. In modern times, capital market has higher requirements on accounting standards and international coordination mechanism of accounting supervision. Therefore, the relationship between the capital market and accounting must change as the capital market plays a bigger role in the world economy, has a wider influence, and the profit model, product form and transaction mode of the capital market are increasingly diversified.

In the process of economic globalization and capital internationalization, some new characteristics have appeared in the capital market, and accounting faces new challenges and development opportunities. Therefore, it is necessary to keep pace with The Times to meet the needs of the capital market. Therefore, the following aspects should not be ignored: first, pay attention to the measurement, information disclosure and risk monitoring of derivative financial instruments, strive to maintain the advanced nature of accounting itself, and prevent the failure of accounting technology and method system from leading to major disasters. 2. Correct handling of the relationship between safety and efficiency: in today's economic globalization, if the regulation is too strict, market segmentation is artificial, liquidity is insufficient and comprehensive innovation ability is insufficient, the capital market competitiveness will be reduced, so security and efficiency must be taken into account. Third: strengthen international cooperation in accounting. In order to adapt to the development of the increasingly internationalized capital market, the accounting field must make efforts to establish a global unified accounting information standard to prevent the occurrence of financial risks.

51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明：原创essay代写范文源自编辑创作，未经官方许可，网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为，未经同意的情况下，51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写、作业代写服务。

51due为留学生提供最好的essay代写服务，亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多essay代写范文 提供代写服务，详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

英国大学论文写作分析

在英国留学的同学们都应该非常清楚，英国大学对于学术论文的写作要求是非常严格的，所以大家在写作时容不得半点马虎。虽然大家对于英文论文的写作不太适应，但还是得尽力把论文写好，不然就会影响成绩。下面就给大家分析一下英国大学的论文写作，让同学们提升一下自己的写作能力。

1、搜集文献资料

布置论文，教授都会给学生Book list，最核心的书可能不容易借到，最好是提前购买。

在参考论文范例时，后面的参考资料也有很大的阅读价值。所以一旦确定了论文课题，立刻竭尽所能搜集文献资料。

2、学会看文献

通常写一篇两三千的论文，参考文献就可以把自己埋起来了。

面对成山的书和打印资料，当然不能一页页读，一点要确定自己需要哪方面内容，就可以根据目录筛选自己想要的资料。

快速阅读标题，感觉有用的就贴上标签，并在标签上记录是哪类内容。

3、批判性思维

批判性思维是很多留学生的最大挑战，也是论文评分的标准。

因为留学党在国内大都习惯了接受老师教授的唯一、正确答案，而不善于自行推导，少了很多思辨的锻炼。

在这一点上，你要总结出自己的观点，并做到有理有据，自圆其说。

4、简写

英文中有很多简写，可以让你的遣词造句更加凝练。

写论文不能像小学作文一样为了凑字数而故意拖沓，那样会得不偿失。

以上就是关于英文论文写作的讲解，希望这些方法可以帮助你，加油吧童鞋们。

想要了解更多英国论文写作技巧或者需要英国代写，请关注51Due英国论文代写平台，51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构，专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作，主要业务有英国代写、essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写。亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多关于英国代写以及英国留学资讯，我们将为广大留学生提升写作水平，帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有英国代写需求，可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

Paper代写：Financial contagion from the us subprime mortgage crisis

本篇paper代写- Financial contagion from the us subprime mortgage crisis讨论了美国次贷危机的金融传染。金融传染，指的是由于金融市场自身特征及市场主体行为所导致的危机通过金融关联向其它国家的传染，其传染途径主要为资本市场及货币市场等金融渠道。由于经济全球化浪潮日益凶猛，各国经济波动的同步性和全球化成为金融危机像国际传导的助推器和放大器。本篇paper代写由51due代写平台整理，供大家参考阅读。

From the beginning of 2001, the fed's monetary policy began to shift from interest rate hike to interest rate reduction. By June 2003, the federal funds rate had been cut 13 times, to 1%. The corresponding real estate market loan interest rate also declined in the same period. Continued low interest rates and easy and active lending conditions have greatly stimulated the development and prosperity of the real estate market, a superior condition that has also encouraged investors to seek higher-yielding instruments, leading to increased demand for securitization. Since June 2004, the fed has raised the federal funds rate 13 times in a row, from 1% to 4.25%. By August 2006, the federal funds rate had risen to 5.25%, raising borrowing costs in the housing market, driving down prices and increasing the risk of mortgage defaults. When the house price drops, the collateral value is no longer sufficient, and the lender's income is not high. Facing the situation of loan default and the house being recovered by the bank, the mortgage provider's bad debts are increased, the mortgage provider's bankruptcy case is increased, and the systemic risk of financial market is increased. Interest rise, bring about reimbursement pressure to increase, a lot of originally credit bad user feels reimbursement pressure is big, appear the possibility of default, the crisis that causes effect to the retraction of bank loan.

Subprime loans accounted for a small amount, but the damage was great. The reason was that the American financial market had great functions, and it used various financial derivatives to expand the unrestrained credit expansion of subprime loans, thus amplifying the damage effect of subprime loans. With the development of modern financial market, structured financial products have gradually become a kind of important investment instruments that are widely concerned by investors. In the face of strong market demand, investment Banks and other institutions on subprime layers of packaging products, the different time, different credit rating of the securitization of subprime mortgage products and packaging sales for a particular purpose which has the function of risk isolation mechanism, and public offering by the institution based on bonds backed by assets, and use the CRT transfer risk to investors in the end.

Financial contagion refers to the crisis caused by the characteristics of the financial market and the behavior of market subjects, which is transmitted to other countries through financial links. Due to the increasingly fierce wave of economic globalization, the synchronization of economic fluctuations and globalization become the booster and amplifier of financial crisis like international transmission.

After the outbreak of the subprime loan crisis, the financial markets of developed countries, such as Europe and Japan, were the first to be affected. One of the important reasons is that the institutional investors in developed countries have developed relatively mature, with strong capital strength, cross-border investment and global asset allocation. In fact, investors in Japan, Europe and other countries have large amounts of U.S. assets, some of which are derivative products backed by subprime mortgages.

Recently, the Japanese government's economic data for the fourth quarter of 2008 showed a sharp deterioration in the Japanese economy. The direct impact of the financial crisis on Japan is shown in the following aspects: local Banks in Japan hold a higher proportion of sub-prime mortgage-related financial products than their own capital, and local Banks' business deteriorates as the value of such financial products declines.

The contagion effect was visible in the stock market as the sub-prime crisis caused the stock market to plunge in the United States, as well as in Japan.

In addition to the victims of Japan, again is Europe, the United States is the largest consumer market in Europe, in January 2009, the British HSBC, barclays, Germany's largest commercial bank, deutsche bank and face the danger of split German real estate mortgage bank financing, the Swiss bank announced in the us subprime crisis suffered huge losses of different level, banking is the bad news, led to the European stock market fluctuations.

And the United States there is a direct trade relationship in our country, the United States is China's biggest exporter, persistent trade surplus of our country's foreign exchange reserves, where the hold $140 million of assets, with the outbreak of the crisis, the substantial depreciation of the dollar, which suffered huge losses in our country, at present, the fed's fierce printing, liquidity to fill the gap, to our country economy caused the pressure of inflation.

In addition, the subprime mortgage crisis also poses great risks to the real economy of the United States, because the economy of the United States belongs to the consumption-led growth. When the credit crunch of commercial Banks and other financial institutions leads to the reduction of consumer credit, many consumers will reduce their consumption. According to the data released by the general administration of customs on July 10, 2008, China's trade surplus decreased by 20.16% in June compared with the same period last year, and the accumulated trade surplus this year decreased by 11.18% compared with the same period last year. China's exports to the European Union and emerging markets have also slowed as a slowdown in the us has trickled down to other countries.

In the context of economic globalization, when the economy is booming, financial institutions have a sensitive capital turnover, and countries pool financial resources and invest in each other to realize the optimal allocation of resources. When an economy is hit by unexpected shocks, when a country's financial institution is illiquid, it is bound to infect other countries with financial ties to it. In this way, the economy has become interdependent, so we should strengthen cooperation in responding to the crisis.

Banks' own capital needs to meet the requirements of the Basel accord, which can guarantee their liquidity. In addition, before making credit decisions, the bank can make risk analysis of the borrowing object and strengthen risk management, which can avoid potential risks.

Although credit derivative is an important instrument to transfer credit risk, it has many defects. Therefore, China should be cautious in developing innovative financial products.

Financial regulation in the United States is a "multi-pronged" system with multiple regulatory agencies and overlapping jurisdictions. The advantages of this financial supervision system are that it can improve the efficiency of the supervision departments and prevent the financial power from being too centralized, but its defects are also obvious, such as overlapping regulators and inconsistent financial regulations. Therefore, China should perfect and unify the financial regulations when drawing on the financial supervision of the United States, so as to make the supervision more effective.

要想成绩好，英国论文得写好，51due代写平台为你提供英国留学资讯，专业辅导，还为你提供专业英国essay代写，paper代写，report代写，需要找论文代写的话快来联系我们51due工作客服QQ：800020041或者Wechat：Abby0900吧。

Essay代写：Interest rate liberalization

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Interest rate liberalization，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了利率市场化。利率市场化，指的就是存贷款利率由各商业银行根据资金市场的供求关系来调节，最终形成以央行利率为引导，以同业拆借利率为金融市场的基准利率，各种利率保持合理利差和分层有效传导的利率体系。利率市场化是金融业走向市场化的重要步骤，也是经济体制转变为市场经济的基本标志之一。

Interest rate liberalization is the objective need and inevitable result of the development of financial industry to a certain degree, and also the core issue of a country's economic system reform. With the deepening of interest rate marketization, the marketization of China's commercial Banks will face a huge impact, understanding these effects, especially the risk and take effective measures to prevent commercial Banks must be solved in the process of marketization is important problem, this article is based on the analysis of market-oriented interest rate risk and puts forward some countermeasures.

Marketization of interest rates generally refers to the deposit and lending rates by commercial Banks according to the capital market supply and demand adjustment, eventually become the central bank interest rate as the guidance, in interbank lending interest rate as the benchmark interest rates in financial markets, all kinds of reasonable interest rates to keep spreads and layered transmission system of interest rate effectively, including interest rate decisions, interest rates, interest rate structure and interest rate management, and other aspects. There are two ways to understand interest rate liberalization: first, from the perspective of the market, interest rate liberalization means the government completely or partially abandons the direct control of interest rates, which are determined by the supply and demand of funds in the market and spontaneously adjusted according to the law of value. Second, from the perspective of system, interest rate liberalization refers to that in a certain period, the central bank influences and promotes the realization of monetary policy objectives and the development of national economy through the effect of interest rate policy under the regulation of market mechanism in accordance with the actual economic environment and economic policy requirements.

Interest rate liberalization is an important step of China's financial industry towards marketization and one of the basic signs of China's economic system transforming into a market economy. For China to achieve opening-up and participate in economic and financial globalization, it is necessary to combine the issue of RMB interest rate, RMB free convertibility, exchange rate and capital account opening into a comprehensive consideration, which will inevitably require the liberalization of RMB interest rate.

As the main body of China's financial system, commercial Banks are also the financial intermediaries most exposed to risks in the process of interest rate liberalization reform. The influence of interest rate liberalization on commercial Banks is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Commercial bank deposit and loan interest rate narrowing, operating risk increases. China has chosen to control the upper limit of deposit interest rate and lower limit of loan interest rate under the condition of maintaining the basic deposit and loan interest rate spread between Banks. This practice of restricting the allocation of financial resources is largely to ensure that commercial Banks, especially state-owned commercial Banks, can easily obtain high profits. If deposit rates rise and lending rates fall, or if lending rates rise less than deposit rates rise, the spread between deposits and loans shrinks. However, once the regulated interest rate is released after the marketization, capital surplus holders have the right to decide on deposit. For Banks to compete for customers with the pricing of deposit funds, the deposit interest rate is bound to rise. At present, China's banking industry is single in business, with the income from deposit and loan interest rate as the main source of profit, which undoubtedly constitutes a fatal blow to commercial Banks.

Under the interest rate liberalization, the traditional business structure and customer structure can not adapt to the development of marketization. For a long time, China's commercial Banks have adopted the business model with the traditional deposit and loan business as the core, the operating profits are heavily dependent on interest income, and the business development is overly dependent on the customers of large and medium-sized companies, forming the serious "homogeneity" of the business structure, customer structure and credit investment. After the release of interest rate control, the income of single deposit and loan interest rate spread cannot meet the survival needs of Banks, and the commercial Banks are urgently required to adjust their operation strategy and business structure, so that the risks and pressure they face will increase.

Interest rate risk will become the main risk facing commercial Banks. Interest rate risk refers to the risk of loss of bank income and assets caused by asymmetric changes of asset income and value relative to liabilities cost and value caused by interest rate fluctuations. According to the status quo of commercial Banks, the interest rate risks that Chinese commercial Banks may face under the interest rate liberalization include: interest rate structure risk, yield curve risk, option risk and credit risk.

We will accelerate the reform of commercial Banks and establish a modern commercial banking system. To accelerate the reform of commercial Banks, we must establish the modern commercial banking system. In interest rate liberalization, commercial Banks, on the one hand, should act as the central bank's monetary policy intermediary, and on the other hand, should regulate the behavior of enterprises and residents according to the intention of monetary policy. The intermediary position of commercial bank requires that it must be an economic entity with self-financing and profit maximization, otherwise it cannot play an intermediary role. So to establish a modern commercial bank system to property rights reform as the breach, the joint stock system as the path, to construct a perfect corporate governance structure as the core, strengthen the internal control mechanism, risk prevention mechanism of incentive and constraint, perfect risk management system, we will accelerate the establishment of a bank products pricing system, improve the pricing power, making Banks operate independently, self-financing, to balance the self-restraint, corporate entities, conscientiously carry out according to the requirements of profitability, safety and liquidity management activity.

Vigorously develop intermediate business, expand market development space, foster new profit growth point. Intermediate business refers to the business that does not constitute the assets and liabilities in the statement of a commercial bank and forms the bank's non-interest income. It is neither subject to interest rate fluctuations nor hogging funds, and is a non-carry product. Therefore, we should fully understand the importance and urgency of expanding intermediate business income, change the management idea, speed up business innovation, vigorously develop intermediate business, offset the negative impact of interest rate liberalization on interest rate yield from the incremental perspective, strive to increase the proportion of non-interest income, and cultivate new profit growth points.

The establishment of a unified and orderly inter-bank lending market promotes the formation and improvement of the market interest rate system as soon as possible. The interbank market interest rate is the benchmark interest rate in China's financial market. We should establish an inter-bank market organization system on the basis of the existing capital market. Commercial Banks can set up an inter-bank lending intermediary to take charge of the adjustment of the balance of funds within the system. Secondly, it establishes a national capital financing center to adjust the surplus and shortage of funds across systems and regions, and provides quotation and consulting services for the national inter-bank borrowing market.

We will accelerate financial innovation and develop derivatives. Under the condition of interest rate liberalization, all participants in the financial market will inevitably bear the risk of interest rate changes. On the one hand, for the public, interest rate risk is highlighted after interest rate liberalization. Their demand for financial products with value preservation and appreciation increases. Commercial Banks need to launch financial products different from the previous ones to meet the demand of customers. On the other hand, after the interest rate liberalization, the deposit and loan spreads of commercial Banks are reduced and the competition between Banks is intensified, which also requires commercial Banks to seek new ways of profit. Therefore, only by actively carrying out financial innovation, expanding business space, and timely launching financial derivatives such as financial futures, options and swaps to avoid and disperse interest rate risks, can commercial Banks survive and achieve sustainable development in the fierce market competition.

想要了解更多英国留学资讯或者需要英国代写，请关注51Due英国论文代写平台，51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构，专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作，主要业务有essay代写、paper代写、assignment代写。在这里，51Due致力于为留学生朋友提供高效优质的留学教育辅导服务，为广大留学生提升写作水平，帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有essay代写需求，可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

51Due网站原创范文除特殊说明外一切图文著作权归51Due所有；未经51Due官方授权谢绝任何用途转载或刊发于媒体。如发生侵犯著作权现象，51Due保留一切法律追诉权。