下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- A group of men in British films of the middle and late 20th century，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了20世纪中后期英国电影中的男性群像。在20世纪中后期的英国电影中，男权的失落不仅表现在对于传统工业领域男性人物的塑造上，还体现在对于家庭生活中丧失夫权或父权的男性人物的塑造之上。随着女性越来越多地参与到社会生活之中，女性在家庭生活中逐渐获得了一定的话语权，这使男性不再具有至高无上的父权和说一不二的夫权。这些在家庭生活中面临失权危机的男性或是通过暴力的手段来重塑虚假的权威，或是通过反叛男权的努力来重塑自身的身份认同感。
At the end of the 19th century, a British man named Paul made the film "the waves of Dover" and showed it at Olympia hall in London, marking the birth of British cinema. In the more than one hundred years of history of the development of British films, although there have been many world-famous directors and films that have won fame in history, the overall development of British films has gone through ups and downs. Critics believe that the development of the British film in the very great degree by the impact of Hollywood films in the United States because the United Kingdom and the United States are native English speakers, so American movies in the UK market is very convenient, especially in the first world war the United States will Britain as a long period of time as the film creation and development of important positions. The first boom of British films appeared in the 1930s, during which high-quality documentaries made British films go abroad for a time, but this development trend was stopped by the wave of humanistic reflection after the second world war. After the gloomy in the 50 s, the British film again ushered in the new development in the 1960 s, in the United States film in the UK at the same time, many British filmmaker to open up overseas film market is given priority to with the United States, many British director filmed during the salute to the Hollywood films and get the recognition of the world international film critics. If in the 1960 s film Renaissance laid the foundation for the British film, so the British film since the 1970 s is really ushered in the development of "spring", especially with the view to the public and civilians, and even the social life at the bottom of the tilt and overseas capital injection, many British film obtained many heavyweight international awards, including the Academy Awards. It can be said that the British films in the middle and late 20th century have made great progress.
In many studies of English literary creation, the period from the 1970s to the end of the 20th century is known as the thatcher period. Literary and artistic creation in this period had common characteristics in many aspects. In terms of British film creation, it had a distinct "post-industrial" style, which was directly related to the series of policies of thatcher in charge of British politics. Mrs. Thatcher is the 49th prime minister of the United Kingdom and the longest serving prime minister since the 19th century. As the first female prime minister of Britain and even Europe, Mrs. Thatcher has been known as the "iron lady" for her iron fist politics. During Margaret thatcher as prime minister, has issued a series of unfavorable to the traditional industrial development policy, in the process of policy is very tough, the tough style of ruling and even domestic evolved into a kind of ideology in the UK, even after the thatcher stepped down, the ideology for a long time still remaining in British politics and influences the social life in Britain. In general, during thatcher's tenure and throughout the middle and late 20th century, the British government did not pay much attention to the development of local films, but the iron fist politics and the social changes brought by it provided abundant materials for the development of British films. In later 20th century British film, we can see not only for the continuation of traditional British wind, also can find some new changes, with the advent of the post-industrial era, did a lot of the impact of Britain's traditional industries, the workers in the unemployment crisis into the British society in the lower, at this time of the British film will view to such groups in social life and family life, shaping a series of rebel male characters of traditional patriarchal ideology.
Under the influence of patriarchal ideology, male image has always been one of the focal points in film creation. However, with the advent of the post-industrial era, traditional industries show a declining trend, and the female-dominated service industry and other industries keep rising. As a result, women are more involved in social life. At the same time, the continuous advancement of the feminist movement in the west and the vigorous development of feminist theories make women emphasize more on the pursuit of self, which directly affects the role of male power in social life and family life. In the British films of the middle and late 20th century, the crisis of male power was directly reflected in the image building of male characters in the film. Through these male images that were unable to realize their dreams in social life and were difficult to establish the authority of their fathers or husbands in family life, the audience could see the helplessness and sadness in laughing and hurling insults.
As mentioned above, power politics during the thatcher period further promoted the development process of post-industry. The decline of traditional industry made many workers unemployed, and most of them were British men, who became victims of social and economic development. The decline of economic status directly contributed to the crisis of male power in their lives. In "all is well", a film released in the 1980s, the hero's name is corran. The former sugar mill worker became a wifely man in the wave of structural unemployment. Another film of the same era, "common women", also featured scenes similar to "all is well". "Common men and vulgar women" in the hero Danny unemployment at home, at the same time, his wife's self-reliance and self-reliance performance more so that he was born frustration. Both colran in "everything is ok" and Danny in "everyman" have difficulty maintaining their authority as men in the dual crisis of social life and family life. The representative British films of the middle and late 20th century, which also show the lost male images in the traditional industrial field, as well as the films such as "the end of the story" and "playing a new hope". Film with an exactly "and" new hope "to play in shaping the image in social life at the bottom of the unemployed men, although the male characters face heavy pressure of material level and spiritual level, but the pressure is expressed through the creation of tragicomedy way, this also is later period of the 20th century British film one of the features of male image in shaping the unemployment. According to milan kundera, comedy can show the cruelty of reality more rudely than tragedy. Comedian Jim carrey has said that his comedic roots are in tragedy. As these literary critics and workers said, when the audience carefully to watch the comedy, will feel the comedy hero unspeakable sadness. In "once and for all," six male characters become exotic dancers after losing their jobs and struggling to make ends meet. The whole story is presented in a playful way, but the audience can see the deep helplessness and helplessness of male strippers in their comedy stories. In stone rain, which was released in the 1990s, the authority of men was even reduced to zero. The hero Bob and tommy finally succeeded in stealing a sheep after several twists and turns. However, the two men were helpless in front of the lamb and did not dare to slaughter it. Aristotle once said that the characters in the comedy are all inferior to ordinary people, so when they make mistakes, the audience will feel a sudden sense of glory, and thus the comedy effect will be produced. From this level, "a take off exactly" the six male stripper and the rockfall hero all conform to the designated by the theory of comedy characters, but valuable is that the films in the manufacturing of comic effect at the same time the workers is blended in among them, the social background for added a bit of laughter "not harmonious" the tragedy of color, made the real effect of tragicomedy. In the process of shaping the male images in the traditional industrial field, British films in the middle and late 20th century also incorporated comedy into the tragic stories to criticize the social changes in the post-industrial era and the iron fist politics in the thatcher period. In the film "the new hope to play," the hero who live in the UK a poor town, town, namely the failure of the coal mining enterprises, as a pillar industry of the town people's life are of great impact, especially for having worked for the hero of the coal mining enterprises to phil and his partners, sudden unemployment phil is not only lost their place in the social life, is also facing difficulties in family life. In order to make a living, phil is not reluctant to play a clown, but even such a humble job, phil is not competent, so the film will be the loss of male power exposed. "New hope" to play, however, is not in the patriarchal failures to end, but rather set up a band of the plot to achieve the reversal of the plot development, phil and partners of the band and take part in the race, the way they finally won the national championship, and also recover miraculously, sick father ran away from home wife also once again return to the phil. Critics say the film's ending is too idealistic and its plot twist feels far-fetched. In fact, it is the seemingly impossible happy ending in the story that reflects the cruelty of real life, and at the same time shows the light of hope for the revival of male power and implicitly criticizes the British society.
In the British films of the middle and late 20th century, the loss of male power was not only reflected in the portrayal of male characters in the traditional industrial field, but also in the portrayal of male characters who lost the power of husband or father in family life. With the increasing participation of women in social life, women have gradually gained a certain say in family life, which makes men no longer have the supreme paternity and the unchangeable power of husband. These men who faced the crisis of losing power in their family life either reestablished their false authority by means of violence or reestablished their identity by rebelling against male authority.
In the film young Adam, the hero joey is a humble boatman. Fortunately, he has a handsome face and strong body, and with this advantage, joey has conquered many women, including the ladies living in the upper class. The way joy conquers women is not by superior knowledge or amazing status, but by handsome appearance and super sexual ability. In fact, the setting of this image to a large extent overturns the status of men and women in family life or erotic life and dissolves the patriarchal power in the family. In the film "the cook, the thief, his wife and her lover, the hero image of spike was a brutal husband, he will be in control of your life the incompetence and the inferiority of the resulting out on his wife georgina, the spike in the years of abuse, abuse, georgina so their tired, fell in love with a gentle gentleman Michael, this story set show the power of spike for maintaining their authority in family life and no benefit.
In the middle and late 20th century, British films not only created male images that lost authority in family life and emotional life, but also created some images of fathers who also appeared in the family in a tyrannical manner. In the film distant voice still echoes, the father is always the overlord of the family, but in fact, this hypocritical authority is only obtained by the father through his tyrannical behavior. In his father's funeral, the hearts of children is not just to father died miss, more hatred for his father was doing, such as the second daughter of the family she had cursed in the heart of "asshole" behavior, father once let she in cold, dirty wash the floor in the basement, in order to be able to return for the dance of time and money, she can only stand in his father's tyranny and contemptuous scorn. From the distant voice still echoes in films such as the description of the side of the father figure, it is easy to find, through the authority of the hegemony plastically is deluding themselves, and in the middle of the 20th century British film, the father no longer has the important task for development of family and children education of the sense of responsibility, also no longer have amiable character, it proves that the root of their abusive behavior is the loss of their incompetence and authority on the conduct.
In addition to the above tyrannical images, there were some deviant male images in the British films in the middle and late 20th century to reshape their own identities. In the film "the dance out my heaven and earth," the hero Billy have been growing up in an industrial town, he escaped the family and the influence of industrial culture in a small town, to set foot on the path to the ballet, the decision is strongly opposed by his father and brother, but in the end, Billy with superhuman genius and unremitting efforts won the royal ballet academy, also won the recognition and support from her family. In traditional patriarchal ideology, the dance is unique to women, men engaged in the profession is detrimental to the behavior of male dignity, but in the film "the dance out my heaven and earth," the hero and love of dance career that overturned thoroughly the binary opposition of ideas, to some extent for the revival of the patriarchal provides a new way.
With the continuous development of society and economy, traditional industries have been impacted by emerging industries, and many enterprises and factories are facing bankruptcy and bankruptcy, resulting in the unemployment of a large number of male workers in traditional industries. In stark contrast, women's participation in social life keeps increasing. The pains of this transition period appeared in the middle and late 20th century in Britain, especially during the period when thatcher was in charge of British politics. Her strongman politics provided a great help for the transformation and development of society. In this post-industrial era of social transformation, the authority of men is under threat, which is reflected in the emergence of many lost male characters in film art. These lost male characters not only represent the historical reality, but also bear the critical spirit of the whole nation in the post-industrial era.
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