美国作业代写：The dissolution of the administrative contract

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- The dissolution of the administrative contract，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了行政合同的解除。在行政合同之中，行政主体并非以民事主体的身份而是以行政主体的身份与行政相对人订立关于民事权利义务的协议，以合同的方式来达到维护与促进公共利益的目的。行政合同解除类似于民事合同的解除。行政合同解除是在行政合同成立后，基于行政合同订立双方或者是单方面的意愿，符合行政合同解除条件，终止合同关系，未履行内容不需要继续履行，已履行的部分恢复原状或补偿损失。

In the administrative contract, the administrative subject is not the civil subject's identity but the administrative subject's identity and the administrative counterpart to enter into the agreement on civil rights and obligations, in order to maintain and promote the public interest in the way of contract.

The conclusion of the administrative contract is to ensure the smooth realization of the administrative goal, therefore, the contract which is not the party of the administrative subject is not the administrative contract. But this does not mean that all the administrative subjects involved in the contract is the administrative contract. The contract made by the administrative subject as a civil subject can only be a civil contract;

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The purpose of the administrative contract is to ensure the realization of administrative functions, and to safeguard the public interests, not for their own interests. For the construction of highways, airports, administrative bodies and construction enterprises signed the investment construction contract.

Administrative contract, as a legal act of both parties, should be based on consensual parties. Of course, the agreement between the two sides is not equal to the goal of the two parties to conclude the contract, the administrative subject to enter into the administrative contract is for the public interest, the administrative counterpart is for their own interests.

In the fulfillment of the administrative contract, the administrative subject enjoys the right of administrative advantage and benefit. The parties in the administrative contract do not have the full equal legal status, according to the needs of the State administration, the administrative subject can change or dissolve the administrative contract unilaterally, which is called the administrative benefit right of the administrative subject.

The disputes of administrative contracts are subject to the adjustment of administrative substantive law and administrative Procedure Law. The parties to the administrative contract have contradictory disputes arising from the performance of the contract, mainly through administrative remedies, only when the administrative law norms are not adjusted to apply the relevant civil and commercial law.

With the continuous deepening of China's administrative legal system, as an important means of flexible management, administrative activities are widely used in the State administration of the activities of a large number of applications. Its role is increasingly prominent:

The conclusion of the administrative contract, to a certain extent, can better protect the administrative objectives, clarify the specific relationship between the rights and obligations of both parties, based on the administrative advantages and interests of the administrative relative to the role of supervision and management.

As far as the administrative counterpart is concerned, the establishment of administrative contracts can effectively protect their lawful interests in front of the strong administrative subjects, and better exert the enthusiasm and creativity of the market subjects.

The termination of administrative contract is similar to that of civil contract. The rescission of administrative contract is after the establishment of administrative contract, which is based on administrative contract or unilateral intention, conforms to the condition of rescission of the administrative contract, terminates the contract relationship, does not fulfill the content, does not need to carry out the performance, part of the restitution or compensation loss.

In our country, considering the dual attribute of administrative contract, the rescission of contract should be dealt with separately. Taking into account the requirements of the administrative contract in terms of acceptability and so on, the contract should be discharged and the administrative contract should be dissolved according to the parties ' wishes. Based on the power of administrative contract, according to the requirement of priority to realize public interest, we should improve the system of administrative contract rescission through legislation.

If the situation changes, the administrative subject may amend the contract after the necessary consultation with the relative person, or the dissolution has completely lost the fulfillment of the contract, if the lifting has a strong emergency, in order to avoid serious loss of public interest, the administrative subject enjoys unilateral rescission right. However, based on the principle of reliance interest protection, the administrative subject must compensate the administrative counterpart, and in addition, it is necessary to guide the unilateral rescission of the administrative subject according to the principle of legitimacy.

The right of unilateral rescission of administrative subject means the administrative subject is based on the important public interest and has the right to benefit the administration, in order to avoid the serious loss of public interest and to realize the contract termination through unilateral intention when the situation changes. This right applies only to the prevention of social emergencies or the removal of significant damage to public welfare, and to the appropriate compensation to the counterpart. The right of unilateral rescission of administrative subject must be strictly restricted.

In substantive law, the administrative subject should have the following elements: the premise of changing circumstances. That is, the precondition of the unilateral rescission of administrative subject is that the objective situation and the legal policy of the administrative contract have changed. In order to safeguard the public interest.

The main purpose of administrative action is to safeguard public interest, to realize the maximization of public interest and to terminate the administrative contract unilaterally. The administrative subject's unilateral dissolution of the administrative contract must be based on safeguarding the important public interest, preventing the public interest as the pretext of damaging the relative person's interests and becoming the difficulty of regulating the unilateral rescission of administrative subject. In recognition of the primacy of the public interest, it is permissible to allow such necessary interference to private persons only if the proceeds obtained in the defence of the public interest are significantly greater than the private legitimate interests of the damage. Therefore, the relationship between public interest and private interests should be seriously measured in the unilateral rescission of administrative subject, so as to prevent the administrative subject from unilaterally violating the lawful interests of the administrative counterpart. Appropriate compensation for the loss of the administrative counterpart should be taken as a necessary measure. If the administrative subject must terminate the administrative contract, it should be based on the principle of freedom of contract and pay attention to the equal rights and obligations of the parties. According to the principle of protection of reliance interests, the administrative subject should be compensated appropriately.

In procedural law, administrative procedure can well limit the power of administrative subject and promote the realization of administration by law and reasonable administration. Therefore, it is possible to protect the lawful rights and interests of the administrative counterpart by restricting the right of unilateral rescission of administrative subject through administrative procedure. In order to prevent abuse of their rights, the rights must be subject to procedural law, such as the consultation of the two sides, the relevant major issues of the notice, the timely holding of hearings. Based on the strength of administrative power and the difficulty of defining public interests, judicial review should be given to the right of unilateral rescission of administrative subject. Whether the rescission of the right of unilateral rescission of administrative subject conforms to the need of the public interest, the court should make a review to prevent the public interest from becoming the grand reason for the administrative subject to exercise the right of rescission.

The court may, at the request of the administrative subject, the administrative counterpart or the administrative contract, decide whether or not to terminate the administrative contract through the proceedings. The discharge of administrative contracts is mainly as follows:

In accordance with the requirements of the administrative body, follow the corresponding procedures to terminate the administrative contract. The precondition is that the administrative subject voluntarily abandons the unilateral rescission right.

The administrative contract shall be dissolved in accordance with the request of the administrative counterpart. First, because the administrative subject has the gross negligence, at this time relieves the administrative contract, must give the administrative opposite person the appropriate compensation; Secondly, the administrative subject unilaterally forcibly request the administrative counterpart to terminate the contract, make the change is beyond the acceptable scope of the relative person, third, because of the occurrence of force majeure.

Terminate the contract at the same time as the parties. If the administrative contract, the interests of both sides of the balance, as a result of changes in circumstances need to terminate the contract, both parties can make this request.

It is a new subject in our country's legislation and practice to terminate the administrative contract right of the court, and it is worth discussing whether our country needs to give the court the power to dissolve the administrative contract.

The administrative contract has the dual attribute, namely the acceptability and the power nature, therefore should consider its duality when dealing with the legal consequence of the administrative contract rescission.

If the administrative contract is dissolved because the administrative subject and the administrative counterpart are relieved, the consequences must be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of civil and commercial law.

If the administrative contract is dissolved because of the important public interest, the administrative subject unilaterally exercises the right of rescission, according to the basic principles of honesty and trustworthiness, reliance interest protection and so on, should make appropriate compensation to the administrative counterpart.

Administrative power is too large in the administrative field, especially for the administrative contract, for the public interest, if the administrative subject changes arbitrarily or relieves the contract, the lawful rights and interests of the administrative counterpart can not be guaranteed. Therefore, in our country, the specific administrative behavior disputes are generally solved through administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation. Among them, for the administrative cases of admissibility standards, the court is mainly to define specific administrative acts against the legitimate rights and interests of the relative person, in the admissibility is mainly Minting trial. However, the administrative contract differs from the civil contract, while our legislation does not include the settlement of administrative contract disputes within the scope of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation. It belongs to the Minting trial, in the administrative contract those with the nature of public law content, the use of private law rules to trial is not appropriate, can not maximize the protection of the interests of the administrative counterpart. On the one hand, the court can not rely on such cases, on the other hand, the administrative counterpart can only solve the administrative disputes by means of civil remedy, which restricts the development of the administrative contract relief system to a great extent. In view of the present situation of our country's legislation and judicature, and considering that we should give full play to the initiative of Judicature in practice, we should fully take into account the relationship between the causes of disputes and administrative contracts, and differentiate them according to the nature of the contract. When the dispute of the administrative contract is due to the inability to realize the right of claim, the court may invoke the rules of Civil Procedure Law. If the cause of the dispute is that the administrative counterpart is dissatisfied with the administrative subject, because it involves the power factor in the administrative contract, the Court may invoke the regulation of Administrative Procedure Law at this time.

In recent years, administrative contract as a way of administration has been widely used in the field of administrative management. Moreover, the scope of application of administrative contract and the way of remedy are not clear. The key to the dissolution of administrative contract is determined by the dual attribute of administrative contract. Therefore, how to balance the conflict between the public and the individual becomes the breakthrough point of the administrative contract rescission. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to set up an entity's lifting standard from two aspects of both entity and procedure, and then to regulate the termination of the contract through the lawsuit procedure.

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英国硕士毕业论文选题

想必留学生们都知道，英国毕业论文的写作难度远远大于国内大学的毕业论文，所以我们必须要付出更多的时间去把它写好。据统计，很多留学生的毕业论文之所以会挂，主要的原因就是选题的问题。下面就给大家分析一下。

英国硕士毕业论文没过，最大误区就是选题误区：你的选题偏大或偏小以及混乱犹如无头苍蝇等。

1、选题偏大，很多时候你是无法驾驭这么大的题目的，比如有的学员所选的题目涉及到国家基础行业的研究或是涉及到世界题目的研究。这些题目都不是一篇论文所能解决掉的，心大格局大是好事，但你有考虑到你的水平与能力吗？学员硬性的撰写这类论文，最后很可能就沦为空中楼阁、无源之水。

2、选题太小。论题太大固然会让你把握不住，但论题太小也有不妥的地方。作为一篇毕业于英国的硕士学位论文，假如涉及到的题目太小，不具有研究价值，例如有位学员把某个规模很小的民营企业的员工培训作为论文研究的方向，这样的论文即使勉强成文，也不能体现一名学生的关键素质。

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3、偏向理论研究。论文题目是应该更多考虑的是解决实际问题的题目，而不是空泛的理论探索，毕竟理论，需要实践细节。

4、选题混乱。对所要研究的内容、主体不清楚，还有的分不清自己的论文究竟是要作描述性研究还是作探索性研究。

以上就是关于英国毕业论文选题的误区，希望同学们在准备毕业论文写作的时候都能注意这些问题，不然的话会有一定几率挂掉。

纵观以上的误区盲点，导致英国硕士毕业论文没过的因素各位应该有个大概知晓了吧？

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Paper代写：how are different types of DNA damages associated with organismal aging

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- how are different types of DNA damages associated with organismal aging，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了不同类型的DNA损伤与机体衰老是否有关。科学家们在了解衰老的机理方面取得了进展，衰老被发现与一种叫做“端粒”的结构高度相关。端粒是一种在染色体末端中发现的异色结构，是染色体稳定的重要组成部分，保护DNA信息不被丢失。然而，随着DNA分子的每一次分裂复制，端粒被缩短了一点，最终导致细胞的凋亡。人们观察到，细胞越老，端粒就越短，离死亡越近。

Summary

Scientists have made exciting advancements in understanding the mechanism of aging. The secret of aging is found to be highly associated with a structure called “telomere”. As a heterochromatic structure found at the end of chromosomes (DNA containers), telomere is a component that is crucial for chromosomal stabilization. It is like a lid of the chromosome carrier that protect the DNA information contained from getting lost. With each split replication of the DNA molecules, however, telomere is shortened by a bit, eventually leading to the apoptosis of cells. It has been observed that the older a cell is, the shorter its telomere becomes, and the closer it is to death.

However, researchers are still on the way to find how exactly is the process of aging induced by telomere shortening. Two major parameters in the research are believed to be X chromosome inactivation (XCI) and global transcript tome alteration. The former is a mechanism in cells that regulate the over expression of genes, while the latter determines how accurately the genes are being expressed. These two are believed to correlate with aging directly. In the paper by Schoeftner et al, the influence of telomere shortening on the two parameters is studied, which explains the process of aging caused by telomere wear.

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Experiments are conducted on mice to determine how DNA damage would impact aging on the organism level. By putting a control on the dysfunctional telomeres, the respective effects on global genome regulation are observed. From the results of the experiments, it has been observed that telomere shortening in skin cells of the mice has two direct effects:

First, deregulation for mammalian transcript tome. Such a deregulation is observed in three ways: reduced regulation of genes promoting cell cycle progression, increased regulation of the mTOR and Akt survival pathways, as well as reduced regulation for multiple pathways of DNA repair.

Second, loss of maintenance of epigenetic silencing mechanisms. In other words, the expression of the Xi-linked transgene, which is supposed to be inactivated, goes back to being expressed with the shortened telomere. Basically, the function of the “cap is lost” for the X chromosome.

Such changes are found to happen in a non-random and cumulative manner. Gradually, both the deregulations and the loss of maintenance will lead to the ineffectiveness of cell/DNA replication and increased errors in it, which is shown as aging on the organism scale. Finding how telomere shortening has resulted in cell aging has shed light on further studies of aging delay or even prevention in the future.

想要了解更多英国留学资讯或者需要论文代写，请关注51Due英国论文代写平台，51Due是一家专业的论文代写机构，专业辅导海外留学生的英文论文写作，主要业务有essay代写、paper代写、assignment代写。在这里，51Due致力于为留学生朋友提供高效优质的留学教育辅导服务，为广大留学生提升写作水平，帮助他们达成学业目标。如果您有代写需求，可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。

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Paper代写：Deterrence in the case of Russia and Austria-Hungary in 1914

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- Deterrence in the case of Russia and Austria-Hungary in 1914，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了1914年俄罗斯和奥匈帝国的威慑。俄罗斯和奥匈帝国对巴尔干半岛的威慑始于1908年第一次世界大战之前。1908年初，俄罗斯外交大臣试图与奥匈帝国在巴尔干地区达成协议，但失败了。两国之间的第二次威慑发生在1912年，然后导致了第一次巴尔干半岛战争。1914年6月28日，奥地利的弗朗茨·斐迪南大公被塞尔维亚民族主义者暗杀，奥匈帝国向塞尔维亚发出了最后通牒。但俄罗斯要求奥匈帝国不要攻击塞尔维亚，后来导致英国对德国宣战，第一次世界大战就此爆发。

Deterrence

Modern deterrence theory revolves around the use of nuclear weapons as a problem. The theory of deterrence during the Cold War was developed by Robert. Deterrence strategy is the core of the national security strategy of the great powers during the Cold War, and plays a decisive role in the maintenance and change of the international pattern at that time.

Deterrence, as an international security strategy, is a psychological role backed by coercion. As a member of the international acts, purpose of deterrence is to maintain the status quo, so that deterrence side to quit, to give up before the offensive attempt. Deterrence is a tactic that forces opponents to abandon previous attempts by issuing a threat to the opponent.The ultimate goal of deterrence is to maintain the status quo. Secondly, the challengers will generally use a variety of ways to clear the threat of one's own, which means that the deterrence must be taken seriously for the challenger.

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Deterrence is a psychological effect based on the physical coercion of a state. In a deterrence, the defender always has a feeling that its interest will be harmed. Hence it will send a threat to the challenger that the country will suffer loss if the negative actions continue. A deterrence may lead to two result. If the challenger abandons is initial aggressive actions, the deterrence is a successful one. On the other hand, if the challenger keeps its actions because of its strong capabilities in many aspects, the deterrence is a failure and may lead to a war.

Different from the nuclear deterrence during the Cold War, the conventional deterrence are relative capacities, specific tactics and converting alliance relation, of which main elements will be interest paradox, self-deterrence effect and cheap talk.In the long history of the West, "balance of power" ideas and strategies was the core idea. Countries built the state alliance to deter or defend the system of the strongest national attack. This essay will apply the deterrence theory to the case of Russia and Austria-Hungary in 1914.

Triple Alliance and Triple Entente

The deterrence before WWI is the deterrence between alliances. After the end of the war in Napoleon, the European countries to establish a similar to Napoleon France's strong anti-anti-law "four countries alliance" as the basis, to the series of treaty and multi-country conference as a specific form, to establish a "European coordination" Balance system. The European coordination system is characterized by the flexibility to maintain the internal mix, the deterrence of the possible challenges of power. The two strongest alliance that time is triple alliance and triple entente. The members of the former one were Germany, Italy and Austria-Hungary. And Britain, France as well as Russia were the three countries in triple entente.

During the period before the First World War, the British and Russian, French and Russian relations, which had remained alienated, were close to Germany, and in order to deter the possible expansion of Germany, the anti-German alliance gradually formed. When Russia was involved in a dispute between the Austro-Hungarian Empire and Serbia, Germany declared war on Russia for league reasons, and France was subsequently involved. Germany then declared war on France and sent troops to Belgium, eventually leading the British intervention in the war. The outbreak of WWI, markedas the failure of alliance-deterrence policy.

Two Deterrence before WWI (1914)

The deterrence between Russia and Austria-Hungary on Balkans firstly began in 1908 before the World War One. At the beginning of 1908, Russian foreign secretary try to come to an agreement with Austria-Hungary on the Balkans. On September 15th, the foreign secretaries of the two countries had a meeting but didn’t agree on the problem. According to the report from the foreign secretary of Austria-Hungary, Russian agreed Austria-Hungary to capture Bosnia as well as Hesse Herzegovina in exchange for the use of the Strait of Gibraltar. However when Austria-Hungary declared their capture of the two areas, Russian has a new explanation on this problem and denied the realness of the report. Although Russia protest, neither Britain nor France supported it as both of them didn’t want to change the rule of the Strait of Gibraltar. On the other hand, Germany support Austria-Hungary as an ally. Russia failed on this deterrence because of lacking in support from Britain and France while Austria-Hungary was stronger with Germany on its back.

The conflict in Balkans remained after the first failure of Russia in 1909, which leaded to the second deterrence between the two countries, or the two alliances. The second deterrence between the two countries happened in 1912 which led to the Frist Balkan War.

Deterrence in 1914

The process of WWI was very fast. On June 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated by Serbian nationalists. On 23 July, the Austro-Hungarian Empire issued an ultimatum to Serbia. After the military mobilization in the two countries, on July 28, Austria declared war on Serbia; the next day, the Serbian capital of Belgrade was bombarded by the Austrian side. On July 30, Russia was fully mobilized because it had asked the Austro-Hungarian Empire not to attack Serbia. On July 31, Germany sent a 12-hour ultimatum to Russia to withdraw its troops from the German border. Russia rejected the ultimatum, so Germany on the same day declared war on Russia. At the same time, Britain and France will also focus on the German line to the West. July 29, Germany has proposed to the British, if the British agreed to remain neutral, then Germany will not attack the French and Belgian lords. Britain rejected the offer, which in turn required Germany to guarantee Belgium's neutrality, and Germany rejected it. On July 31, Germany warned Britain a few hours before the war on Russia, and if Britain guaranteed France to remain neutral, Germany would not attack France. On August 2, the British Cabinet made a decision to protect France from German attack; the same day, Germany invaded the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, and asked the Belgian border to allow the Germans to pass. August 3, the German Sri Lanka in violation of the border agreement on the grounds, declared war on France, while the attack to Belgium. August 4, the British declared war on Germany, at this time the outbreak of the World War One.

Analysis of the Deterrence

The analysis the deterrence in the launching of this war is as follow.

The direct cause of the Frist World War was Czarist Russia's failure to extend the deterrence of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and Germany. After the assassination of Sarajevo, the chief of the General Staff of the Austria-Hungary Army, General Conrad, thought that the opportunity was not as good as it was on several occasions the essay has discussed above, but he still decided to take advantage of this opportunity to begin the war. Because before the assassination, he had argued that Serbia had launched a preventive war in order to let Bulgaria to join the alliance and to curb the tendency of Romania. On July 1, 1914, the imperial government has basically reached a consensus to launch the war. Hence it send a special mission to check the German intentions. Germany decided to offer the support to Austria-Hungary although that may lead to the war between Germany and Russia. German Government also thought if the Austrian Foreign Ministry believes that "they must take military action against Serbia", they will lose the opportunity time. When refers to the discussions between the emperor and his military staff, the emperor had considered the possibility of battling with Russia and France, but he did not think that Russia had been ready for war, and he had not considered the British attitude at all.

As a result, Germany has adhered to its commitment to Austria, to ensure that Austria can defeat Serbia, which might launch a war to Russian and French. At that time, the German Secretary of State Yage that thought it was better to have a showdown rather than in a few years later. "At that time, Russia will make an overwhelming advantage in the number of troops, will also build the Baltic fleet and strategic railway, at the same time, our camp will become increasingly weak."

Russia has been very sensitive to the presence of its own potential in the country on Balkans. On 21 July, Russian Prime Minister said to the German ambassador for the first time that Russia could not tolerate the threat to Serbia, let alone the military action. He warned the German ambassador that "if Austria wants to capture Serbia, we will fight with it." After that the Russian Cabinet meeting approved a part of the plan to deal with Austria.

On July 28, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. From July 25, Russia and Germany have begun the so-called "early mobilization", including some preparatory measures. On July 30, Russia began to mobilize. The action made Germany upset. The mobilization of Russia was firstly to deter the military offensive of Austria-Hungary, however it led to Germany's total mobilization on July 31 and declared that the country was in a state of war. Because of the strategic superiority of the strategic superiority at that time, the decision makers from all the European countries thought that the rapid mobilization was a top priority. Only by having the ability to attack first can we occupy the strategic advantage. Russian deterrence provoked a strong fear that Germany could launch a pre-emptive attack on Russia, leading to a deterrent failure.

The deterrence between Russia and Austria-Hungary was in three countries including Germany. Germany at that time had been well prepared for the battle. Since the Prussian period, Germany had developed a fully tested military service system. In the system, there was 2 to 3 years of enlistment training, and then transferred to long-term reserve, while maintaining the militia training. The military system made become a "Barracks country". The high efficient system allowed the emperor in 1914 to have a reserve corps, including about 500 million troops, and can immediately put on the battlefield. At the same time, in the use of heavy-duty firepower, the Germans had played the potential of machine guns and heavy mortars; in terms of troop delivery capacity, Germany had the most organized and coordinated scientific railroad network in Europe, where troops were delivered by rail Developed into a strategic advantage.

As for Austria-Hungary, Germany's Allis, didn’t have the strength of the advantages. Although the imperial army is numerous, the multi-ethnic composition of the military led to a low efficient unity. In terms of equipment and command, the empire didn’t have any advantage either.

Russia had almost endless reserve troops, and the soldiers would fight tenacious. On the other side, however, Russian was poor in professional military, military education, and command. In terms of weapons and equipment, the Russian army in a completely inferior state compared to the Germans. In the meantime, the whole industry capability was also far behind other European countries. In terms of troops to serve, the moving speed was very slow, and rail as well as the other transportation system efficiency was low.

Conclusion

All in all, as the discussion above, compared to Germany and Austria-Hungary, Russia was weak in delivery capability and training and equipment as the deterrent. While it was strong in mobilization potential. Also in this case, it didn’t involve the deterrent territory or population. Both the deterrent country and the protected country were in military alliance.

References

David, Fromkin. Europe's Last Summer: Who Started the Great War in 1914. 2005.

Dougherty, James e. and Robert I. Pfalzgraff. Contending Theories of International Realtions: A Comprehensive Survey. New York: Addison Weekly Longman, 2001.

George, Alexander, Richard Smoke. "Deterrence and Foreign Policy." World Politics (1841): 170-182.

Kissinger, Herry A. The Necessity for Choice: Propects of American Foreign Policy. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1961.

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Essay代写：Advantages and disadvantages of offshore outsourcing

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Advantages and disadvantages of offshore outsourcing，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了离岸外包的优缺点。企业进行离岸外包，可以通过外包非核心业务来帮助企业专注于核心业务，简化业务操作，降低企业的成本和时间。当然，离岸外包会有一定几率会威胁到公司的安全和隐私，并且沟通的难度很大。

With the deepening of globalization and the fast development of technology, enterprises have been looking for methods of differentiating their services and products and also reconsidering their business model through compact operations and controlled costs. Under this background, a new way which has attracted a lot of attention is the offshore outsourcing. It has been a very attractive topic to organizations and companies in all countries.

The pros of Offshore Outsourcing

1. It can help companies concentrate on core business through outsourcing the non-core activities.

2. It can help enterprises improve customer service since off shoring make it possible to access to professionals, experts in this field or high-quality services.

3. The companies can streamline their business operation through increasing efficiency and productivity in the non-core and outsourcing business processes.

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4. It can also help the organization reduce costs and save time, making them enjoy overall cost advantages. For example, it can reduce human resources costs, management cost, running costs and so forth.

5. The method of Outsourcing can make the companies more adaptive to changes since the organization has become stronger and more streamlined after carrying out this strategy.

6. Outsourcing might help the companies improve the team management problem since the offshore partners might help them.

7. It helps the organization take less business risk.If the company can operate with an excellent offshore provider, it can expand its business fast and make the running risk at a low level.

8. Outsourcing sharpens the organization’s competitive advantages through increasing productivity in different area of your business.

The cons of Outsourcing

1. Opponents indicate that the practice of sending work to other countries with higher wages might largely reduce their own domestic investment and employment.

2. It might a threat to security and confidentiality of the company since the outsourcing partner might be able to see your inner confidential information.

3. It might be hard to control your offshore partner and your might find managing processes in your organization is more easier.

4. Outsourcing might make your company lose the customer focus since choices are more than before.

5. Because the offshore partner might offer services to other companies at the same time, you might not be able to get all the attention from your partner.

6. You might experience the risk in taking the legal costs when signing contracts between firms, that is so called the hidden costs.

7. When cooperating with the offshore provider, you might have to solve the problem of misunderstanding in communication, poor quality and delayed services etc.

8. Since the offshore provider is far away from you, you might have to spend a lot of time in making effective communication with them.

Resources

http://www.globaloutsourcingagency.com/adv.html

https://wenku.baidu.com/view/08013600cf84b9d528ea7a60.html

http://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-disadvantages-outsourcing-it-764.html

https://wenku.baidu.com/view/2f28223cf12d2af90342e60c.html

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