Essay代写：American spoof news culture

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- American spoof news culture，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了美国的恶搞新闻文化。恶搞新闻文化最早产生于美国，这与美国特有的代际更替和幽默文化不无关系。美国的恶搞新闻文化具有宣泄性和解构性等多重话语性质，它建构了一种另类的话语体系。恶搞新闻文化是一种对权威化和霸权话语等进行颠覆的狂欢化的话语模式，通过撕裂现实逻辑链条以造成异样效果，消解主流媒体所营造的官方的、正统的立场。

The onion news is famous for its humor and satire. It creates fake news based on real news events. In contrast to traditional media editing, the onion selects the headline and then spins a story around it. Headlines go through a second round of screening by editorial staff before they are finalized. After selecting the headline, the next step is to frame the story. The authors meet to discuss the main thread of the story, test whether the material is funny or not, and pursue depth in the spoof, not simply irrationality. The onion's most famous spoof came in May 2005, when an Arizona man made a monkey out of President George w. bush by hacking into his credit card Numbers and all his pin Numbers. Not only did he use bush's credit card to go berserk, but he vetoed a congressional bill as President. Most bizarre of all, the fake bush even signed an aid deal with Mexican President vicente fox. It wasn't until the FBI stepped in that the hoax was finally exposed. The onion also warned: "the worst thing that could happen is if someone USES bush's identity to direct air force one to any part of the world. All countries should take note that any future visit by the us air force one would be best served by expulsion or shooting it down for security reasons.

"Kuso", also known as "Kuso", is the Japanese pronunciation, meaning "hateful", "shit" meaning, is used to vent dissatisfaction with a kind of colloquial language. The spoof culture is to deconstruct the serious theme and construct the entertainment culture of comedy or satire. The common form is to re-release some established topics and programs after they are adapted, which is a technique of secondary creation. Spoof culture is mainly popular among young people, generally spread through the Internet. In Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, the United States and other places, film and television, music, pictures, text and other forms of spoof culture, but the wind of spoof into the field of journalism first appeared in the United States, which has something to do with the unique social and cultural environment of the United States.

The social reason behind the spoof news culture is the intergenerational change. Sun longji describes western society: "each generation has completely established itself after it has grown up, allowing its' sex 'to germinate in an all-round way. At the same time, the old generation has been completely eliminated and its position fully accepted. In addition, in order for one's own independent personality to emerge, one must gradually eliminate the shaping of one's own character by the previous generation in the process of growing up, so that the self emerges -- and this is the only way to build the 'self' into a strong introspective base. He believed that the intergenerational relationship in the west was "broken", and each generation would show magnificent new things, new horizons and new horizons to challenge the authority and status of the previous generation. "The onion" news is also a kind of cultural form in which the new generation challenges the previous generation. Let's take a look at the composition of the onion readers. Sixty-four percent of the onion's readers are between the ages of 18 and 44, and a third say they have personal liquid assets of more than $100,000. Half go to bars regularly. Fifty-six percent of readers are men and 44 percent are women. The Washington post, once in the article pointed out that: "we have always thought that the main force of those boring office worker is a parody of the empire, but in fact, more young high school and college students has become a parody of wide sources, they provided material, creative, really hard to imagine this batch of less than 20 years old young man will have such a high enthusiasm and motivation".

The author believes that the rich and developed humor culture is the unique factor that the spoof culture first enters the news field in the United States. In the United States, a sense of humor is often one of the criteria to judge whether a person is attractive or not. Scholars in the rostrum, officials in the venue, if the witty remarks such as beads, people laugh, it must be extraordinary generosity and intelligence. If the speech is read in a serious manner, the face muscle cramps stiff, the listener tired of listening to leave the table. They do not force others more than they force themselves. In the literary world, there are humorists in America, among whom Mark Twain, James Thurber and cy Joel perelman are outstanding representatives. In 1999, the onion's "our century of ignorance," a collection of comical stories that parodied 20th-century news, won the New York times best-seller award. The onion's success in a depressed market reflects a growing appetite for satirical news.

In the late 1940s, the freedom of the press commission told reporters to pursue "a true, comprehensive and intelligent account of the events of the day in the context in which they were given meaning." At the same time, the commission said: "the report of an isolated fact, however accurate and misleading it may be, turns out to be untrue." It can be seen that the authenticity of traditional journalism professionalism requires two levels of meaning: one is that the facts reported are accurate; Second, the report is the truth of the truth, because when the truth is false, it is deceptive, even if the truth is truthfully reported, but it can not reveal the truth of things. Clearly, "the onion" violates the first meaning of journalistic professionalism. Since truthful reporting may not reflect the truth, go the other way. The onion is the brainchild of writers. Not only that, but a spoof fans also notice in writing to the news facts instead of "the news" to achieve the purpose of unhealthy tendencies, this makes the "onion" provides insights into the reader cannot obtain elsewhere, such as the international fraudsters Obama with $85 million out of the United States, "Mr Bush's new dentist faces difficult at the hearing, and" Julie who is running for President 9 ? 11 ", readers from elsewhere so really can't find the wonderful "scoop". The onion sticks to the second meaning of journalistic professionalism. Even if false facts do not, in theory, tell the truth 100%, just as true facts do not tell the truth 100%, the onion sticks to an alternative truth. As David mexes, co-founder of BBS, an onion fan, said: "these spoofs don't just come out of the box. "It's the need to create something with your own head and create something new every day that appeals to young people the most. The onion's professional fake journalism is similar to traditional journalism professionalism. Since neither true facts nor false facts can fully reflect the truth of things, there is no essential difference in reporting true and false news. The new interpretation of journalistic professionalism by "onion" has been engraved with the imprint of postmodernism.

Robert Niles, editor in chief of online news review website www.newscounters.com, attributes the success of spoof news outlets like the onion to their ability to break the hypocrisy of traditional media. Audiences' approval of the onion seems to have something to do with their dissatisfaction with orthodox news services. American spoof news culture is characterized by grassroots, catharsis and deconstruction. It constructs an alternative discourse system, as Fiske puts it, "skeptical laughter, which provides the pleasure of doubt and the pleasure of undeceived. This public happiness, which 'sees through' their essence, is the result of centuries of submissiveness that people have not allowed to develop into submissiveness. Spoof news culture is a kind of means of bringing order, authority and subversion of the ultimate truth, hegemonic discourse carnival discourse pattern, through the tear reality logic chain to cause different effect, digestion mainstream media official, orthodox, created by the inherent stance, which blurs the official and folk, sacred and vulgar, noble and humble, great and small, clever and stupid boundaries between reality and virtual sex, instant and normal become hazy.

The culture of spoof news is also the product of the long-term lack of public opinion "export" of cultural populism. Since "public opinion" cannot be properly reflected in mainstream media or discourse for a long time, populism and "combined with entertainment ism form spoof and heckling culture". This tendency towards populism represents the democratic and power demands of the grassroots, and contains popular resistance in the complex social environment. On November 5, 2010, the onion ran an article that said, "American citizens will elect a President worthy of their election at the 112th election." The article reflects the American people's strong dissatisfaction with the lack of personal income increase, tax reduction and reduction of medical expenses in the two years since Obama took office. "In societies with high levels of heterogeneity, a lack of social justice and sharp class contradictions, the tension between elites and the masses is enough to create powerful populism. It is easy for populists to blame the elites and the privileged for the corruption and exploitation of the masses.

In the 1970s, lanu ingorh put forward the theory of "post-materialism", believing that people who live a rich material life will put personal progress, freedom and civil rights granted by the government in an important position. They demand a humanitarian society and want to maintain a clean and healthy environment. However, the emergence of "post-materialism" indicates that while the whole society becomes rich, the middle class gradually disappears and the gap between the rich and the poor intensifies. The disappearance of the middle class lies in the fact that the whole society becomes richer, which tears the middle class apart and develops towards polarization. The middle class with better ability continues to move to the upper class of the society, while the lower class gradually combines with the lower class in the society. We can see that Chinese society is currently experiencing such a division. In China, which is undergoing rapid social transformation, spoof culture has been widely seen on BBS, SNS website, QQ and weibo with the rapid development of the Internet. Due to the special news control in China, the spoof news culture is difficult to produce, but there are some people who try it. In 2006, a parody of the "hey! News center" on sina's home page went viral online, and the site was shut down because of pressure from sina. Now, a website called onion window, a parody of the onion, has sprung up to spin stories. We can see that the comedy thinking and critical spirit hidden in the serious absurdity of parody news culture contains its existence value in the period of social transformation and reform after eliminating the false while preserving the true.

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Assignment代写：American isolationist foreign policy

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- American isolationist foreign policy，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了美国孤立主义的外交政策。孤立主义是一个国家或者民族通过一种自上而下的国家政策以及客观条件形成的一种封闭状态。美国的外交政策和清朝的闭关锁国不同，它并没有关闭经济贸易，而是减少美国在当时面临的外部威胁，从而维护美国当时脆弱的国家政权。美国的孤立主义更像一种休养生息的政策，让美国民众摆脱战乱的意识形态。

Isolationism is a closed state formed by a country or a nation through a top-down state policy and objective conditions. The foreign policy of the United States was different from the closed-door policy of the qing dynasty. It did not close the economy and trade, but reduced the external threats faced by the United States at that time, so as to maintain the fragile state power of the United States. American isolationism is more like a policy of recuperation. It is the ideology of the American people out of war.

At the beginning of the founding of the United States, President Washington proposed the policy of isolation. The core idea of isolationism is to warn the Chinese people not to get involved in the war disputes between European powers and to handle the affairs of the United States independently from the interference of the international environment. On the face of it, the isolationist policy of the United States seems to be to close itself off from other countries. In fact, it is a neutral foreign policy that does not involve European countries in European affairs. This provides a historical basis for the early American isolation.

Open the world map, when we look at North America, it is easy to find the unique geographical location of the United States. The position of the United States, separated from Asia by the Pacific Ocean and from Europe and Africa by the Atlantic ocean, fully satisfies the geographical requirements of isolationism for the United States. In the eighties and nineties of the eighteenth century, sea transportation was so backward that it was extremely difficult for any country to travel far out to sea. In this way, it is quite difficult for the United States to go abroad, or for other countries to establish relations with the United States or to engage in war and aggression, which promotes the breeding of American isolationism. In addition, most of the United States has a mild climate, especially suitable for production, and is a paradise for European immigrants. Henry kissinger said: "since the geopolitical point of view, of an island off the coast of the United States and Eurasia." In his farewell address in 1796, President Washington said, "we are alone, far from other nations, and this geographical position allows and compels us to pursue a different course of policy."

After the long-term colonial rule of Britain, the United States was greatly exploited and exploited economically, and its national strength was weak. At the same time, the American war of independence launched for independence and the consumption of resources by the second war of independence also made America's living beyond its means. The overall strength of the country is quite different from that of the UK and France, which cannot compete with the UK and France at all. In international relations, the weak has no voice, proficient in the way of existence of Washington President put forward the "little with foreign political involvement" and "avoid long-term alliance with any country", "little bear the international responsibility, also avoided by sacrifice" and a series of initiatives, using a self-imposed isolation of foreign policy to reduce the risk of countries may suffer from.

There are complicated historical reasons for the implementation of American foreign policy. On the one hand, European religions were in constant conflict with the local Puritan forces in North America, and puritans were initially bullied and oppressed by other sects, leading to the accumulation of puritanism's feelings of isolation and exclusion. There were also infighting and infighting among the Puritan internal forces, which acted independently and became the driving force for the implementation of isolationist policies to some extent. On the other hand, before the independence of the United States, many regions experienced long-term high-pressure policies, and a large number of political and religious persecution immigrants came to the United States. These people were full of hatred and loathing for the old land of England. In addition, during the British colonial period, years of war inevitably affected the American colonies. The American people hated war so much that they deliberately distanced themselves psychologically from the countries and rulers of the old continent, which deepened the feeling of "isolationism". This emotion, passed down from generation to generation, grew into the common consciousness of the American people. In addition, because the United States has been a nation for a short time and has no historical burden, it has more room for its foreign policies to play out and dares to explore foreign policies different from those of other countries. Isolationism is also a bold attempt.

The emergence of American isolationism began before the founding of the People's Republic of China, and then gradually developed and gradually reached its peak. Then it gradually declined in fluctuation, and finally died out completely after Pearl Harbor.

The isolationist policies of the United States were sown when Europe emigrated to America. On the one hand, the colonists represented by Britain and France in Europe turned a large area of the United States into a British colony through brutal killing of the Indians in North America. The local residents were miserable and full of hatred and escape psychology towards the European colonists. On the other hand, some European immigrants who were oppressed and persecuted by the ruling class at home wanted to escape from the old continent. Most of these people, filled with resentment and fear of the old world, have a deep sense of independence. Among them, puritans in the colonial areas of the Americas had the strongest emotions. They believed that Europe was the prime culprit of the turmoil in the Americas and the source of all crimes.

The early sprout of isolationism, fundamentally speaking, can not be called the American isolationism policy, can be regarded as the seeds of isolationism policy, this seed slowly sprout, there is the "towering tree" of isolationism behind.

If the pre-revolutionary war period was the embryonic period of American isolationism, then from the "declaration of neutrality" after the founding of the People's Republic to the farewell speech issued by Washington in 1796 can be regarded as the initial development stage of American isolationism.

In the early years of its independence, the United States had no interest in international affairs because of the long war. In April 1793, the two great European empires, Great Britain and France, went to war. Both Britain and France hoped to draw the United States into the mire of war as their own power. President Washington is acutely aware of the impact of the war on an unstable America. "Now that Britain has gone to war, our government should make every effort to remain firmly neutral and do everything possible to prevent our citizens from getting us into a vortex and taking sides on either side." The United States government strictly prohibits people from helping either side in the war, and tries to avoid the mire of the anglo-french war. Although Britain and France have a lot of dissatisfaction with the American policy, but the situation of war, also can not have any strong means against the United States. Thus, the neutral foreign policy of the United States took shape initially.

At the end of his presidency, Washington delivered his famous farewell speech. The farewell address warned Americans to eliminate prejudice against European countries and conduct normal economic exchanges. However, it does not establish long-term alliances or dependencies with any country to prevent it from getting involved in wars between Allies and other great powers. The farewell address in Washington conveys to the American people the idea that any action of the United States is carried out for its own interests. The United States will not and cannot forget its own security for the sake of its so-called Allies. The idea is just right for the American people. This idea is of great significance to the formulation and implementation of American foreign policy in the future.

After the development of several generations of presidents, the isolationist foreign policy of the United States has entered a normal state of development. By President Jefferson era, isolationist foreign policy has been a new development, and even the ultra isolationist policies, for example, President Thomas Jefferson in the British and French military conflicts between the two countries, successively promulgated two embargo, thoroughly with the continent from the political and economic, in a short period of time, the United States is not too big impact. However, this complete isolation caused great losses to America's foreign trade economy. American leaders were quick to recognize the negative effects of an aggressive isolationist foreign policy. He believed that the war in Europe should be used to grab more economic benefits and develop national strength.

As the overall strength of the United States increases, the United States gradually has the courage to shout with European countries. By the time of President Monroe, the Monroe declaration was issued to further prevent European countries from interfering in American affairs. "In the future, no major European power shall regard the free and independent nations of the American continent as objects of future colonization," it said. The Monroe declaration can be said to have provided guiding principles and policies for the development of the United States. After that, the United States not only developed its own economic and military strength, but also had the possibility to expand and develop its hegemony in the Americas. The United States took advantage of Britain's deep involvement in the war to penetrate its sphere of influence into the heart of Latin America. The Monroe declaration was a stopgap measure to keep the European powers out of the Americas when America was not strong enough.

In Roosevelt's era, American isolationism took another step forward. It not only resisted European intervention in the Americas, but also further strengthened the voice of the United States in the Americas through Roosevelt's inference, and even intended to dominate the Americas. As early as 1902, Wilson declared in his inaugural address as President of Princeton university that "a new era has opened up before us, an era in which it seems as if we must lead the world." In 1913, Wilson succeeded the President of the United States, and proposed new explanations and challenges to the isolationist foreign policy proposed by his predecessors. Wilson believed that the isolationist foreign policy formulated by our forefathers was a kind of rejuvenation policy in the early days. The essence of it was to wait for the right moment, and when the national strength was strong, to make vigorous efforts to compete with European powers again, expand the scope of influence of the United States, expand international influence and fight for rights and interests. The United States effectively improved its international status through the first world war. But the war also brought disaster to America. Supporters of American isolationism began to oppose Wilson's diplomacy. In the 20th century, the international environment became more and more complex. In August 1935, at the initiative of supporters, the United States congress proposed the "legislation on the limitation of arms transportation". Isolationist foreign policy reached its height.

At the start of the World War II, when American independents were still trying to stay out of the way, the bitter experience of Pearl Harbor shattered the illusions of American isolationists. By Truman's time, Truman was reintegrating Wilson's foreign policy and trying to expand American influence internationally. After World War II, the Soviet union rose rapidly and European capital was subjected to unprecedented provocation. In order to curb the rise of the Soviet union, the United States quickly adjusted its foreign policy and began to negotiate with Britain, France and other countries to establish the north Atlantic treaty organization, replacing the original isolated foreign policy with alliance, expansion and hegemony. At this point, the American isolationist foreign policy died out completely.

Because of its independence, the United States no longer has any advantage in foreign trade. In 1790, almost half of all American exports went to Britain, and 90% of American imports came from Britain. Three-quarters of America's foreign trade was still with Britain. Therefore, if the relationship between Britain and the United States is not properly handled, American trade will collapse. The isolationist foreign policy of the United States has just helped the United States gain some bargaining chips. Britain feared that the United States would form an alliance with the rival power France, so it signed the "jay treaty" with the United States. The United States obtained preferential foreign trade with part of the British territory and met the demand for raw materials for economic and military development. At the same time, with the withdrawal of British troops from the northwest, the United States regained a large part of territory, which was conducive to the national reunification and the rise of domestic economic development. National industry "started the great wheel of industrial modernization."

Similarly, France fears forming alliances with the enemy. Seeing that the United States remained neutral and did not help either side, and that France needed a lot of military spending to start the war, France sold Louisiana to the United States for 50 million francs. This has special meaning for the United States. Louisiana was twice the territory of the United States at that time. It was rich in food and abundant in fuel, which provided sufficient industrial raw materials for the development of the United States. Since then, the development of the United States has entered a high-speed and stable development pattern.

To sum up, the reasons for the formation of the isolationist foreign policy of the United States are complex and diverse, which is a true reflection of the national conditions of the United States at that time. Isolationism has been a foreign policy in the United States for a long time, which has been interpreted and exerted by several generations of leaders. It is a typical foreign policy in the history of the United States. Isolationism gives the United States, a newly established country, more opportunities for development, provides a relatively peaceful space for development, and promotes the rapid development of the United States.

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Character Analysis写作需要注意什么

Character Analysis，就是人物分析，是国外大学常见的一种作业形式。对于很多留学新生来说，Character Analysis是以前没有接触过的，所以开始的时候会无从下手。其实Character Analysis写作并不难，只要大家注意好下面这些写作的细节，基本上就没什么问题了。

1）我们要学会关注要研究的人物在品德方面有哪些优劣。这个人物是否像资料说的会坚持公平和正义？

2）还必须学会判断人物的行为是明智的还是不明智的。人物明智与否同时这也反映他内心的堕落。

3）人物的动机是什么？当你仔细考虑每个人物的内在思想与外在行为利弊的时候，你要考虑为什么这个人物会产生这种思维或者表现出这样的行为。作者有给你有关该人物的过去的线索吗？

4）考虑这个人物对其他人物行为的影响。毕竟在文学作品中除了路人甲乙丙丁每个人的设定都是有意义的。

5）寻找描述这个人物的重复性文字。这些文字通常可以洞察人物的内心和动机。

6）注意常常伴随人物出现的相关的事物。因为这些东西可能会透露一些关于他或她的心理状态。

7）看字里行间。通常一个人物没说的也和他说出来的一样重要。

8）人物是“静态”还是“成长”？当一个人物被认为是静态时，他（她）在作品中没有经历任何变化，从开始到结束没有成长。动态人物是那些随着经历有进行成长的。

9）我们还需要考虑人物当时的背景是否存在历史缺陷。不要用现代的标准对过去做评断；把人物的行动和思想放在具体的背景中思考。由于政治和社会的原因，一个生活在19世纪英国的女性显然无法做出她在今天可能会做出的选择。

10）到后面你还要考虑到作者是怎么看待的？这对你的写作也能有很大的启发。相信作者对他或她所创造的人物有自己的评判。作者可能会引导你走向一个预定的解释。

以上就是关于Character Analysis的写作讲解，建议大家在你写作人物分析之前先列一个提纲，根据这些问题进行思考和写作，就不会觉得无从下手了。

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Paper代写：The cause of financial crisis

本篇paper代写- The cause of financial crisis讨论了金融危机的起因。金融危机爆发的起因是房价泡沫，这是由于危机前房价的大幅上涨导致的。由于美国公民的低利率和过度消费习惯，住房的兑换规模非常大。信贷杠杆增加了系统风险和违约风险。在此期间，大量资金被借给了信贷低、收入和就业情况有限的人，这表明次级抵押贷款市场存在巨大的违约风险。危机的迅速扩大也与监管不力和金融自由化有关。当时，有很多影子银行在没有监管的情况下成长起来，许多衍生品市场也受到较少监管。因此，由于创新金融机构的存在，政府的监管和政策对制度风险的监管并不有效。此外，国际合作阻碍了金融危机的蔓延存在滞后，这也导致了全球危机的迅速发展。本篇paper代写由51due代写平台整理，供大家参考阅读。

Introduction

Subprime mortgage crisis, also known as the subprime mortgage crisis, is a financial crisis that occurred in the United States. Due to the collapse of subprime mortgage institutions, investment funds were forced to close and the stock market produces the huge volatility. In 2005-2006, U.S. real estate bubble burst, triggering the subprime crisis. In September 2008, the financial crisis spread to the world's major financial markets, such as the European Union and Japan.

Cause and evolution of financial crisis

House price bubbles- One of the causes for the financial crisis is the house price bubbles. This mainly refers to the sharply increased house prices before the crisis. It is found the price increased by about 30 percent during this time, which led to rapid increasing credit from financial institutions (mainly Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac).In U.S., citizens can apply to the lenders the housing mortgage loans. The lenders then use the loans as the assets to sell the two companies, which is called asset-backed security (ABS). Due to the low interest rate and excessive consumption habits of U.S. Citizens, the exchange scale of houses is very large. The increased credit leverage increased the systematic risk and default risk. In 2005, American house prices reached record highs and began to fall after that. At the same time, the federal reserve continues to raise interest rates to curb inflation, which increased the buyers’ repayment burden. The subordinated debt has shrunk dramatically and gradually evolved into the so-called financial crisis.

Subprime mortgage- The decline of lending standards is another important cause that leads to the crisis. The typical is the subprime mortgage market. During that time, a large number of funds were lended to those people with low credit and limited income and employment situations. The indicates huge default risk for the subprime mortgage markets.

The fundamental sign of the financial crisis is that Lehman brothers bank announced bankruptcy in September of 2008. With the global financial stocks collective diving, the world falls into anxiety and panic.

Poor regulation- The rapid expansion of the crisis is also related to the poor regulation and financial liberalization. At that time, there were a lot of shadow banks which grown without oversight. Many derivative markets were also less regulated. Therefore, the government’s regulation and policy is not effective in regulating the system risks due to the innovation financial institutions. In addition, the international cooperation to hinder the expansion of financial crisis had a lag, which also led to the rapid development of crisis globally.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the U.S. financial crisis is intuitively the outbreak of the subprime crisis. The study found that the causes of the deep level is the international standard and the economy virtualization. U.S. long-term implementation of the "double deficit" policy and the U.S. economy excessive virtualization is the root cause of the financial crisis.

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Essay代写：The police system in Britain

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- The police system in Britain，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了英国的警察制度。英国是一个非常崇尚个人自由的国度，因此在权力运作及警务风格方面，形成了一种传统观念，即社会安全是公众自己的事情， 应该由自己来解决。警察既不可以过度集中也不可以军事化，否则就会威胁公众的基本权力和国家的民主生活。因此，从建警之日起，英国人就把警察视为维护社会治安及公共秩序的组织，将其区别于军队的力量。英国警察在风格上走亲民路线，非常重视警民关系。

The police organ, called the public security organ in China, as one of the important state organs, represents justice and uprightness. However, in recent years, the liqinghong case in guizhou province and the perjury case of four lawyers in beihai reflect to varying degrees the unrestrained side of public power. Article 73 of the amendment to criminal litigation, which was hotly discussed last year, has made public power squeeze private rights a public concern. The regulation of police power should protect, rather than weaken, citizens' "freedom from fear". The inversely proportional relationship between police power and civil rights urgently requires us to demarcate the boundary of police power through the system so as to achieve the harmonious coexistence of police power and civil rights.

When we were young, we used to call ourselves "uncle police", but now we hear about "the family of police and bandits". Lin fujiu's confession, the tragedy of wuhan student sun zhigang and the virgin whoring case of shaanxi girl ma dandan all shocked us. There are many other horrific cases of vicious police. In daily life, living outside the hotel, someone rushed in to check wanted criminals, they are the police; Come home from work to see someone invade, leaving only a search warrant and witness signatures, they are also police. It seems that the police name has become a passport to the private sphere, so where is our privacy?

Aristotle once asserted, "it is strange to say that all men who have power are apt to abuse it. It is an unchangeable experience throughout the ages." Deng xiaoping once summed up profoundly: "the system problem is more fundamental, overall, long-term and stable. A good system can prevent the bad guys from running amok at will, while a bad system can prevent the good guys from doing enough good deeds and even lead to the opposite. "On this basis, for the exercise of police rights, we can not only boil down to the police's lack of personal accomplishment, but also from the system to find loopholes.

Britain is a country that advocates individual freedom, so in terms of power operation and police style, a traditional concept has been formed: social security is the business of the public and should be solved by itself. The police should neither be overly centralized nor militarized, which would threaten the basic rights of the public and the democratic life of the country. Therefore, from the day of the establishment of the police, the British regarded the police as an organization to maintain social security and public order, and distinguished it from the force of the army. British police do not have military ranks, do not wear weapons, unified tuxedo uniform, which shows that the British police in the style of the pro-civilian line, attaches importance to the relationship between the police and the people.

In terms of decentralization, the UK implements an inverted triangle management system of decentralization between central and local authorities. The police business is under the jurisdiction of the home office, and the central authority is directly in charge of the London regional police station. Other areas are managed by local police committees and police stations. The police commission is made up of local judges, celebrities and heads of government departments, and is chaired by a retired police chief. The police committee is only responsible for the budget and the appointment and removal of the chief of police, and the other work is managed by the police department. This system of self-determination, though smacking of the sole authority of the police chief, has clarified the powers and powers of the police chief, making him the first person responsible for public security and avoiding the problem of prevarication. The unity of power and responsibility is the guarantee of the legitimate operation of power, so the police power in our country should be clear about the specific responsibility attribution in the operation.

In short, the prominent characteristics of the British police system are that it attaches great importance to the protection of civil rights, the accountability system, the performance and the affinity for the people, which are also the deficiencies of the current police system in China. There are many drawbacks in the current police system in China, such as abuse of power and rent-seeking, blurring of power boundaries and boundary crossing, and illegal and illegal exercise of power.

Lord acton's aphorism: "power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely." Justice holmes of the United States also said, "criminals who escape the law are less guilty than those who commit illegal ACTS by the government." It can be seen that the abuse of police power has a wider range of harm and more serious consequences.

The inverted triangle management model of the British police authority and the police chief responsibility system reflect the idea that "power must have responsibility and power is limited". Therefore, we can try to establish a relatively independent institution, the police supervision committee, and try our best to ensure the neutrality of the police supervision committee. In this regard, we can follow the example of the Hong Kong police oversight board, which is composed of members of the public to ensure that their actions are not disturbed by members of the police force. The ipcc is responsible for the supervision and re-inspection of complaints, pointing out loopholes in the police work procedures, and combining with other means of social supervision, such as public supervision and media supervision, gradually establishing an effective control system.

All dynasties in China established the autocratic family world through war and violence, and then imposed both morality and punishment to achieve the goal of universal submission. Such a political environment filled with violent content makes the traditional Chinese police system show strong military characteristics. The British police system pursues demilitarization and attaches importance to the relationship between the police and the people, which makes the identity of the British police more intimate. Compared with the UK, Chinese people have long been troubled by the mentality of "talking about the police and turning pale", and the gap between the two has greatly reduced the credibility of the police in the public psychology. Therefore, it is urgent to establish a civilian police system in China. It is necessary for the police to establish a sense of responsibility to protect people's property and life safety. In practice, it is necessary to improve the education system of the police to achieve the goal. The current situation of police management in China is to "emphasize selection and neglect education", so that a large number of police have a significant decline in professional ethics after entering the job. Therefore, we must improve the regular assessment and learning system of the police after entry, and focus on the education relationship between the police and the people, so as to realize the demilitarization of the police force.

As for the division between administrative police and judicial police, Japanese scholars believe that there are differences in nature between them, while French scholars believe that there are only differences in responsibilities and authorities between them. In our country these two kinds of police power belong to the public security organs, just belong to different departments. Bailiffs are similar in name to judicial police, but their function is only to ensure the smooth proceeding of litigation activities, so it is not within the scope of this paper. The distinction between administrative police and judicial police is the distinction between police public security management administrative power and criminal investigation power. In recent years, the phenomenon that public security organs equate the right of public security inspection with the right of criminal search in law enforcement has aroused a heated discussion on the protection of human rights. Public security procuratorial power and criminal search power should have clear boundaries, but to distinguish between public and private areas to discuss. At present, the prevailing view is that the public security inspection should focus on ensuring the efficiency of police law enforcement and the application of loose legal control, while the private sector should be strictly controlled by law to better protect civil rights. According to this, many countries divide the police into administrative police and judicial police, while China has not yet made a distinction.

According to professor Chen xingliang, the current police power in China has three characteristics: namely, the police power is monopolized by the public security organs. Police power exists in every aspect of life. Police power involves the personal and property rights of citizens and can be deprived under certain circumstances, so it is a very important power. Under the trend of the economic system transformation in our country, the inevitable appeared a peak of crime, the police is more important, so in the short term trend of police power not possible power, may expand instead, want to be in this situation, to realize the balance of public rights and private rights, can only classify the police, to make it changed, weaken the power expansion trend, and efficient law enforcement at the same time.

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