【飛鳥宮「跡地整理」タイムカプセル化 奈良・飛鳥探索-10】

探れば探るほどに日本の国の「まほろば」の思いを強める飛鳥宮。
遠隔地からの訪問機会でもあり橿原考古博物館では疑問の湧き出るに任せ
学芸員の方に申し訳なかったけれど質問攻めさせていただいた。
ご丁寧に対応していただき感謝そのものでした。
主に関心を持った「苑池」のことについて質問したのですが、
まだまだ定かになっていない点も多いようでした。
これからも折に触れて疑問解決と深掘りに努めていきたいと思います。
で、資料の類をいくつか購入させていただいた中に
同博物館・主任学芸員の鶴見泰寿氏の「古代国家形成の舞台」書籍があり、
そちらを読み進めていて驚きの記述一節があって目が点になった。
「飛鳥宮は694年12月の藤原宮遷都にともなって廃絶するが、
施設の解体作業時にきれいに土をかぶせて跡地整理され、その後は
耕作地として現代まで使われ続けた」とのさりげない記述。
おお、であります。
王宮建築が廃棄されるときどういう運命をたどるのかというのは
それほど情報を聞いたことがなかったけれど、
さすがに考古学の博物館として当然そういう研究もされているのですね。
今日わたしたちは明日香町にはのどかな農村風景を見ている。
しかしその被覆のほんの少し下にまるでタイムカプセルを意図したように
日本史の重要な王宮跡が秘められている。
王権としてその廃絶に当たってそういう配慮を見せていた。
易姓革命の中国では、王権の交代に当たっては血生臭い戦争が通常で
多くの宮廷建築は革命戦争で焼失するのが一般的。
また多くは権威的な「基壇建築」であり、基壇は石積み構造であることから
移転が意図されにくかったという事情も大きいのだろう。
またそもそも建築自体も石造のヨーロッパでも移転という発想に乏しい。
結果、「廃墟」という形でうち捨てられたようになってしまう。
どうもこのことは日本の王宮建築が基本的に木造の掘っ立て柱建築であり
移設建築することが容易に可能である事情が与っていると思われた。
同書中では王宮建築解体時の材の扱いで腐朽度合いに応じて
残す材と廃棄する材とが仕分けされている事実まで確認されている。
移転させて使う材はていねいに掘り起こされているけれど、
腐朽の進んだ材は切断されて根元部分の一部が残置されている事実。
その柱穴などに対して「黄褐色の土」を入れて整地し、その上で
「地面を覆って」土を被覆させている状況が確認されているというのです。

結果として、この飛鳥宮は1400年の時を超えてタイムカプセル保存された。
こうした跡地について、農耕に供されて永年保存されてきた。

なにやらわたしには、日本の王権の特性をそこに見る思い。
この飛鳥で聖徳太子は「和を以て貴しとなす」と政治方針を示したが
権威主義・強権主義ではなく、より「民主」的な姿勢を認めうる。
もちろんこれが王権の「意図的」施策だったとまでは思わないけれど、
世界でも特異な民と王権の関係性に建築スタイルが関与していると思えるのです。


English version⬇

Asuka Palace "Site Arrangement" Time Capsule Exploration of Asuka, Nara - 10
The wooden construction method, which allows for the recyclability of construction materials, may have strongly influenced the relationship and culture between the Japanese royalty and the people. ...

The more we explore the Asuka Palace, the more we are reminded of the "Mahoroba" of the Japanese nation.
As I was visiting from a remote place, I let my questions flow freely at the Archaeological Museum of Kashihara.
I am sorry to say that I asked a lot of questions to the curator of the museum.
I was very grateful to the curators for their courteous response.
I mainly asked questions about the "garden pond" that I was interested in.
It seemed that there were still many points that had not yet been clarified.
I would like to continue my efforts to solve questions and dig deeper from time to time.
I was able to purchase some of the materials from the museum, and I found the following
I was surprised to read a book titled "The Stage of Ancient State Formation" written by Yasutoshi Tsurumi, chief curator of the museum.
As I was reading the book, there was a surprising passage in the book that made my eyes water.
As I was reading the book, I was struck by a surprising passage: "Asuka Palace was closed down in December 694, when the capital was moved to Fujiwara no Miya.
The Asuka Palace was abandoned in December 694 when the capital was moved to Fujiwara no Miya, but the site was cleared and covered with soil when the facilities were dismantled.
The site was then cleared and the land continued to be used as cultivated land until the present day.
Oh, yes.
I had never heard much information about the fate of royal palace buildings when they are discarded.
I had never heard that much information about the fate of palace buildings when they were discarded.
But as a museum of archaeology, it is natural that they are doing such research.
Today, we see a peaceful rural landscape in Asuka Town.
However, just a little below the surface, as if it were intended to be a time capsule, there are the ruins of an important royal palace in Japanese history.
The ruins of an important royal palace in Japanese history is hidden just a little below that covering, as if it were intended to be a time capsule.
The royal court showed such consideration in its abolition.
In China, where the revolutionary revolution took place, bloody wars were the norm in changing kingdoms.
Many court buildings were generally destroyed by fire in revolutionary wars.
Many of them were authoritative "keystone buildings," and since the keystones were masonry structures, they were not intended to be moved.
It is likely that the relocation of these buildings was not intended.
Also, many of them are authoritative "platform buildings," and since the platforms are masonry structures, it was probably difficult for them to be intended for relocation.
The fact that the platforms are masonry structures may also be a major reason why relocation was not intended.
In Europe, where architecture is also built of stone, the idea of relocation is not very common.
As a result, the buildings are abandoned in the form of "ruins.
This is apparently due to the fact that Japanese royal palaces are basically wooden buildings with dugout pillars, which makes it easy to relocate them.
This is apparently due to the fact that Japanese royal palace buildings are basically wooden, dugout-pillar structures that can be easily relocated.
In the same book, it is stated that the handling of materials at the time of demolition of the royal palace building depends on the degree of decay.
The book even confirms the fact that the materials used in the demolition of the palace were sorted into two categories according to the degree of decay.
The timber that was to be moved was carefully excavated, while the timber that was to be discarded was cut down.
The fact is that the timbers that are to be used for relocation are carefully dug up, while those with advanced decay are cut down and a part of the root part is left behind.
The post holes are then covered with "yellowish-brown soil" and the ground is cleared.
The soil was then "covered" with a layer of soil.
As a result, this Asuka Palace was preserved as a time capsule over a period of 1,500 years.
This site has been used for agriculture and preserved for many years.

I feel as if I am seeing the characteristics of Japanese kingship there.
In Asuka, Prince Shotoku set forth his political policy of "Harmony is the key to nobility.
This is not authoritarianism or authoritarianism, but a more "democratic" attitude.
Of course, I do not think this was an "intentional" measure of the royal authority.
but it seems to me that the architectural style involved a relationship between the people and the royal power that is unique in the world.

【飛鳥京「噴水」のホントの意味 奈良・飛鳥探索-9】

「噴水」という言葉の定義はわからない。この石器構造物のことを
「流水装置」というようにも言えるのかも知れない。
日本の「噴水」始原については金沢兼六園まで時代が下るという説もある。
しかし最近2019年段階で橿原考古研究所が結論づけた飛鳥京苑池での
写真の導水装置システムは日本の噴水事始めと言ってもいいのではないか。
橿原考古研究所（正式名は奈良県立橿原考古学研究所）の以下のような紹介が
この古代施設についての意義を語っていると思う。
〜飛鳥の宮殿に隣接する「苑池」は規模も大きく、びっしりと石が
敷き詰められていてその迫力に驚かされます。
中国や朝鮮半島にもまったく同じタイプの苑池は見つかっておらず、
飛鳥時代の日本のあり方を物語る「苑池」の全容を見ることができます。〜
逆に言うとなぜその後、日本国内でこうした苑池・噴水装置が
建築技術として旺盛にならなかったのか、それも要探究だと思われる。
現状ではきわめて特異な遺構として古代史上に出現したというところ。

この苑池の南側の池は水深は30cm程度ということで、
底面にはびっしりと石が敷き詰められてプール状外観を形成している。
そこにこのような導水装置があって、単純に涼を楽しむとしたのか、
わたしの推測のように「水を扱う」技術力を象徴的に見せたのか、
その目的について現状では証言・記録は存在しない。
国際関係に否応なく目覚めさせられた段階の日本国、
白村江敗戦以降の国際情勢下での「外交」の場面を考えれば
日本の技術国力を示すことは一種の「侵略抑止力」だったのだろう。
やはり中国・朝鮮に類例がないというのがミソではないかと。
かの国などからの外交使節が帰国後の本国での報告時に
「日本にはこういう技術がありましたが・・・」と伝わったことだろう。

石をさまざまに加工利用して水を自由自在に扱う建築土木技術に対して
それが全国で城塞建築に応用されると考えれば、
この国を大軍船団で攻略したとしても侵略の勝利を見通せなかっただろう。
やや無謀だったと思える百済救援のための白村江への出兵後の
安全保障戦略としてこの苑池は外交の「武器」になった可能性。
きのうは石材の切石加工技術を見たけれど、この苑池でも
北池底面には写真のように切石でより精緻な石材加工も施されている。
わたしとしては日本の平和共存外交戦略の一環だと強く思えるのです。
そしてそうした観点からすれば唐が日本侵略を諦め、友好関係に転じて
「日本国号・天皇号」を結果的に承認していった東アジア世界の情勢と
重ね合わせられるように思えるのです。
その平和努力が実を結んでその後、苑池造作技術は重要性が低下し、
戦国期以降の兼六園まで顧みられなかった歴史と符合する。

火山列島国土で水田耕作を基本にする国土条件では
必然的に狭い利用可能耕地面積を高める土木建築技術の発展が自明。
やはりこの苑池遺構からはこのような推論が導き出されると思う。
さて現代世界でプーチンのような狂乱独裁者に対してどう国防すべきか、
日本社会の「強さ」が試される事態が再来してもいるのでしょう。


English version⬇

The True Meaning of the Asukakyo "Fountain" Exploring Asuka, Nara - 9
The Asuka-kyo Palace was a place for the Japanese to show off their national defense capabilities by demonstrating to China and Korea that they possessed "dangerous civil engineering and architectural technology. Japanese power that can be converted to military force. The Japanese power that can be converted to military force.

I don't know the definition of the word "fountain." I am not sure if this stoneware structure can be called a "fountain.
The origin of fountains in Japan can be traced back to Kanazawa Kenrokuen Garden.
There is a theory that the origin of "fountains" in Japan dates back to the Kenrokuen Garden in Kanazawa.
However, as of 2019, the Archaeological Institute of Kashihara recently concluded that the Asuka Kyoen Pond
The water conducting system in the photo may be said to be the beginning of fountains in Japan.The following introduction by the Archaeological Institute of Kashihara, Nara Prefecture (formally known as the Archaeological Institute of Kashihara, Nara Prefecture)
I think it speaks volumes about the significance of this ancient facility.
〜The "Garden Pond" adjacent to the Asuka Palace is large in scale and is paved with stones.
The "Garden Pond" adjacent to the Asuka Palace is large in scale and filled with stones, and its power is astonishing.
No other garden ponds of exactly the same type have been found in China or the Korean peninsula.
The entirety of the garden pond, which tells the story of Japan in the Asuka period, can be seen here. ~.Conversely, why were garden ponds and fountains not actively used as a building technology in Japan after that?
It is also important to investigate why these garden ponds and fountains did not flourish as a building technology in Japan after that.
At present, they appear in ancient history as extremely unique remains.
The pond on the south side of this garden pond is about 30 cm deep.
The bottom of the pond is covered with stones to form a pool-like appearance.
Is it simply to enjoy the coolness of the water with a water conducting device like this?
Or, as I guessed, was it to symbolically show the technical skill of "handling water"?
There is currently no testimony or record of its purpose.Japan was at the stage where it was forced to wake up to international relations.
Considering the "diplomatic" scene under the international situation after the defeat at the Hakuchon River
Japan's demonstration of its technological national strength was probably a kind of "deterrent force against invasion.
The fact that there is no precedent in China or Korea is the key.
When diplomatic envoys from other countries reported back to their home countries after returning to Japan, they would say, "Japan had this kind of technology....
When diplomatic envoys from those countries reported back to their home countries, they would have been told that "Japan had this kind of technology.
For architectural and civil engineering techniques that process and utilize stone in a variety of ways and handle water at will.
If one thinks of it being applied to fortress construction throughout the country.
Even if they had invaded this country with a large fleet of warships, they would not have been able to foresee victory in the invasion.
After the somewhat reckless expedition to the Baekchon River to rescue Baekje
This Enchonji could have been a diplomatic "weapon" as a security strategy.
Yesterday, we saw the stone quarrying technique.
The bottom of the north pond is also made of hewn stone, as shown in the photo.
I strongly believe that this is part of Japan's diplomatic strategy of peaceful coexistence.And from such a point of view, it is very likely that the Tang Dynasty gave up its aggression against Japan and turned to friendly relations with Japan.
and the situation in East Asia, where the Tang Dynasty gave up invading Japan, turned to friendly relations, and eventually approved the "Japanese name and Emperor".
The Tang Dynasty gave up its aggression against Japan and turned to friendly relations with Japan, and eventually approved the "Japanese name" and "Emperor of Japan.
After the peace efforts bore fruit, the importance of the garden pond construction technique declined, and the garden was not restored until the Kenrokuen Garden after the Sengoku Period.
This is consistent with the history of Kenrokuen Garden, which was neglected from the Warring States period onward.

In a volcanic archipelago where rice paddy cultivation is the basic land condition
It is obvious that the development of civil engineering and architectural technology to increase the usable arable land area is inevitable.
I believe that this is the inference that can be drawn from the remains of the garden pond.
How should we defend ourselves against a mad dictator like Vladimir Putin in the modern world?
The "strength" of Japanese society may be put to the test once again.

【古墳時代の「ブロック造」石槨墳墓 奈良・飛鳥探索-8】

さて今回の飛鳥宮探訪では橿原考古博物館の展示に非常に教えられた。
やはり考古の視点というか、物証に裏付けられた探究は
明示的でロジカルな世界での理解を教えてくれて非常に楽しい。
これからも時間を見つけて再訪できたらと念願しています。
その帰り際、玄関と向かい合うように植栽で囲まれた一角があり
よく説明を読んだら、なんと古墳時代のブロック建築だと知れた（！）。
わが家は北海道の正調・外断熱ブロックなので、はるかなご先祖様とのご対面（笑）。
ちなみに「石槨〜せっかく」という固有名称は
〜石で築いて作った棺を納める室。自然石を積みあげたり切石を組み合わせた。
屍体をおさめる古墳内部の施設。石室(せきしつ)。〜ということ。
この石槨は明日香村近郊の奈良県高取町佐田にある
束明神古墳（つかみょうじんこふん）にあるものを実大復元させた。
切石積みの石槨は飛鳥時代の建築構造のなかでも特異な存在ということ。
その構築技術をあきらかにするために同質の素材の凝灰岩で制作した。
ただし天井と入口部分は推定復元による、とされていた。
復元に当たっては昭和59年当時の石工技術者の尽力で実現したと記述されている。

以下は、Wikiの説明要旨部分。
〜丘陵の尾根の斜面を大きく削って整地し、その中央に直径20m・高さ4mの
円墳状の墳丘を版築技法で築く。凝灰岩を段状に積み上げて南側に開口する
横口式石槨で内部は長さ3.12m・幅2.06m・高さ2.5m前後。
（盗掘で破損しており正確な計測は困難）となっている。床面には二重、
壁面には5段に石材が積み重ねられており床には漆喰が塗られている。
棺・副葬品がほとんどないが若干の被葬者の歯牙と木棺の破片とみられる
漆膜片などがみられ他に釘が50本以上みられる。
また幕末に同古墳が草壁皇子の陵墓に比定されるという話が伝わり、
陵墓指定のために土地を奪われることを恐れた地元の人々が
意図的に破壊したとする伝承がある。実際に被葬者の歯牙から推定される
死亡年齢や古墳の様式より、草壁皇子の陵墓をここから260mほど北にある比定地の
眞弓丘陵（岡宮天皇陵）ではなくこことする説もある。〜

いろいろな事情が垣間見えて興味深い。
盗掘被害はある程度やむを得ないけれど、史跡指定されると
その土地所有者はさまざまに制約を受けて土地利用が不可能になるので
実利を優先させて破壊に至るというのも理解できる部分がある。
その時代に合わせて生きている人間の実利と史的価値の乖離。
しかしそれにしても、いわゆる「組石造」という建築であり
現代ではブロックの場合、中空部を造作してそこに鉄筋補強するけれど、
そういう技術の無い時代に、しかも地震多発の日本の国土特性の中で
どのように生き延びてきたのか、この「建築」に頭を垂れておりました。


English version⬇

Kofun period "block tomb" stone burial mound, Asuka, Nara.
Asuka still retains masonry building techniques such as stone stages that seem to have originated in the Stone Age. As a modern block housing people, we respect it much more. Nara, Asuka

During my visit to Asuka Palace, I was very much impressed by the exhibits at the Archaeological Museum of Kashihara.
I enjoyed the archaeological point of view, or rather, the exploration backed by physical evidence.
I am very much enjoying the clear and logical understanding of the world of archaeology.
I hope to find time to revisit the museum in the future.
On my way back to the house, I found a corner surrounded by plants facing the entrance.
After reading the description carefully, I learned that it was a block building from the Kofun period (!). I was so happy to find out that it was a block building from the Kofun period (!).
Our house is built in Hokkaido with regular block construction and external insulation, so we met our ancestors from far away (laugh).
By the way, the proper name of "stone burial chamber" is
〜A chamber for a coffin made of stone. It was made by piling up natural stones or combining hewn stones.
A facility inside a burial mound to hold a corpse. A stone chamber. 〜A stone burial chamber.
This stone burial chamber is located in Sada, Takatori Town, Nara Prefecture, near Asuka Village.
This stone burial chamber is a full-scale reconstruction of the one in the Sokuakijin burial mound in Sada, Takatori-machi, Nara Prefecture, near Asuka Village.
The hewn stone burial chamber is unique among the architectural structures of the Asuka period.
In order to clarify the construction technique, the burial chamber was made of tuff, which is a homogeneous material.
However, the ceiling and the entrance part are based on a presumptive restoration.
The restoration was realized in 1984, thanks to the efforts of the masonry engineers of the time, according to the report.
〜The slope of the ridge of the hill was cut and leveled, and a 20-meter-diameter, 4-meter-high circular burial mound was built in the center of the slope using a printing technique.
A circular mound was built in the center of the hillside using the printing technique. The mound is made of tuff piled up in steps and opened on the south side.
The interior is 3.12m long, 2.06m wide and 2.5m high.
（The interior is 3.12m long, 2.06m wide, and about 2.5m high (exact measurement is difficult due to the damage caused by theft). The floor is covered with double
The walls are made of five layers of stone, and the floor is covered with plaster.
There are almost no coffins or burial accessories, but there are some teeth of the deceased and a piece of lacqueous film, which appears to be a fragment of a wooden coffin.
There are few coffins and burial accessories, but there are some teeth of the deceased and a piece of lacquer film, which is thought to be a fragment of a wooden coffin.
At the end of the Edo period, there was a story that the burial mound was compared to the mausoleum of Prince Kusakabe, and the land was taken away to designate it as a mausoleum.
It is believed that the tomb was intentionally destroyed by local people who feared that their land would be taken away to designate the tomb as a mausoleum.
The tomb is believed to have been intentionally destroyed by local people who feared that their land would be taken away to designate the tomb as a mausoleum. The actual age of death and the style of the burial mound are more important than the age of death and the style of the burial mound.
Based on the age of death and the style of the burial mound, the mausoleum of Emperor Kusakabe was designated as a specific site about 260 m north of here.
The age of death and the style of the burial mound suggest that Emperor Kusakabe's mausoleum was not located at Mayumi-oka-ryo (Okamiya Emperor's Mausoleum), which is 260m north of here. ~~

It is interesting to get a glimpse of the various circumstances.
Although damage from theft is unavoidable to some extent, if the site is designated as a historic site, the landowner will be subject to various restrictions that make it impossible to use the land.
However, if the land is designated as a historic site, the landowner is subject to various restrictions that make it impossible to use the land.
It is also understandable that the destruction of a site is done in favor of pragmatism.
The divergence between the practical interests of the people living in that era and the historical value of the site.
But even so, the so-called "kumi-masonry" architecture, which is
In the case of modern block construction, a hollow space is created and reinforced with reinforcing steel bars.
In an age without such technology, and in a country like Japan, which is prone to frequent earthquakes, how did these structures survive?
I was wondering how they had survived in such a time and in the earthquake-prone land of Japan.

【飛鳥宮時代の国際関係と暮らし 奈良・飛鳥探索-7】

飛鳥板蓋宮、浄御原宮の時代というのは文字記録が少ない。
聖徳太子の摂政としての治政時代ころになって仏教導入も積極化。
大阪四天王寺・法隆寺の建立など東アジア世界での政治・文化交流が活性化。
国際関係というものが徐々に喫緊の課題になっていった。
それは中国大陸の「易姓革命」政治動乱によって歴代有数の強権国家・唐が成立。
周辺に大きな脅威となっていったことが刺激になったものと思える。
それまでの「大王権力」によるゆるやかな「日本的」統治権力構造が
強い外圧に直面して、よりハードな国家権力形態を志向させたと思う。
唐が導入した国家権力機構の「律令体制」を導入するとともに
その権力機能を「天皇号」としてより中央集権制を高めたのだと思える。
壬申の乱によって権力を掌握した天武天皇はそれまでの「倭国」を
日本という国号に改め、中国皇帝権力ひいては東アジア世界に承認させている。
この外交は、先人たちの大きな知恵の産物だったように思います。
よく中華皇帝が「日のいずる国」という国家名を認めたと思う。
聖徳太子段階でこの自己表現で対手「日沈む国」の帝に外交国書を出している。
中国皇帝が怒ったという記述はあるけれど結局は承認している。
「むむむ、日沈むとは無礼千万ではないか、われは中華皇帝なるぞ」
「いやそれは単に事実としての地理位置関係を示したものに過ぎませんよ」
尊大極まる中国皇帝体制相手に複雑精緻な外交努力があったに違いない。
そして図表は橿原考古博物館展示パネルからですが、
よく言われるように朝鮮半島地域には多数の「古墳」遺跡が存在する。
日本国内では農業と武器生産の最重要資源である鉄鉱石の産出が
ある時期までなかったことで、朝鮮半島地域での「権益」が広範に存在した。
中国との外交で繰り返し日本がその権益を主張し承認させようと努力したのは
そういった事情がもっとも重大だったのでしょう。
したがって朝鮮半島の諸国家・新羅と百済との対立では
百済が日本側の権益を象徴する存在だったということなのでしょう。
古墳の分布にはそのような関係性が表現されていると思える。
このあたりは現代での国際的歴史学論議でも日韓対立のネタになるという。
近いと言うことは外交として難しい問題にもなる事例といえる。
聞くところでは韓国内では古墳が古い時代の日本との関係を象徴するとして
破却するような動きもあるのだと側聞する。悩ましい問題。




一方で民人の暮らしようも、向上する生産力を反映して
地域間交易の拡大が旺盛に盛り上がっていって
その事情から集住する商業的実質の発展、「都市建設」があったのでしょう。
飛鳥宮という「首都機能」での交易の側面の進化発展があったことは疑いない。
たぶんこうした事情からやがて飛鳥の「狭さ」が問題になっていって
その根本的解決として計画的都市建設、平城京段階に移行した。
政治軍事的事情よりも交易の拡大、経済規模の拡大が
こうした首都移転を必然化させたのだろうと思います。


English version⬇

International Relations and Life in the Asuka Palace Period: Exploring Asuka, Nara - 7
International relations" diplomacy began in parallel with social development and economic expansion. The beginning of troublesome international relations among neighboring East Asian countries. The beginning of troublesome international relations among East Asian neighbors.
There are few written records of the Asuka Itabatamiya and Jomihara Palace periods.
Around the time of Prince Shotoku's regency, Buddhism was actively introduced.
Political and cultural exchanges in East Asia were revitalized with the construction of Shitennoji Temple and Horyuji Temple in Osaka.
International relations gradually became an urgent issue.
The political upheaval of the "Yi Surname Revolution" on the Chinese mainland led to the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, one of the most powerful states of all time, which posed a major threat to the surrounding region.
This was probably stimulated by the fact that the Tang Dynasty, one of the most powerful states of all time, had become a major threat to its neighbors.
The loose "Japanese-style" governing power structure based on the "great king's power" that had been in place up to that time
In the face of strong external pressure, I believe that the Tang Dynasty was forced to adopt a more rigid form of state power.
The "Ritsuryo system" of state power structure introduced by the Tang Dynasty was introduced.
The "Ritsuryo system" of state power structure introduced by the Tang Dynasty was introduced, and its power function was made more centralized as the "Emperor-Governor".
Emperor Temmu, who seized power through the Jinshin Rebellion, changed the name of his country, "Japan," from "Wa-koku" to "Japa-no-kuni.
Japan" and had it recognized by the power of the Chinese emperor and by extension, the East Asian world.
This diplomacy seems to have been a product of the great wisdom of his predecessors.
I often think that the Chinese emperor recognized the name of the nation as "Land of the Rising Sun.
At the Prince Shotoku stage, this self-expression was used to issue a diplomatic state letter to the emperor of his counterpart "Land of the Setting Sun".
Although there is a description of the Chinese emperor's anger, in the end he approved of it.
The Emperor of China is the one who is the Emperor of China.
No, that is merely a factual geographical location.
There must have been a complex and elaborate diplomatic effort to deal with the extremely pompous Chinese imperial regime.
And here is a chart from an exhibit panel at the Archaeological Museum of Kashihara
As is often said, there are numerous "kofun" sites in the Korean peninsula area.
In Japan, the production of iron ore, the most important resource for agriculture and weapons production
Japan's "interests" in the Korean Peninsula were extensive due to the fact that it did not produce iron ore, the most important resource for agriculture and weapons production, until a certain period of time.
Japan's repeated efforts to assert and gain recognition of its interests in the region in its diplomatic relations with China
Such circumstances were probably the most critical.
Thus, in the conflict between the Korean states of Silla and Baekje
Baekje probably represented the interests of Japan.
The distribution of kofun tumuli seems to express such a relationship.
This area is said to be a source of conflict between Japan and Korea even in international historiographical discussions in modern times.
This is an example of how proximity can be a difficult diplomatic issue.
Some people in South Korea have begun to dismiss kofun tombs as symbolic of Japan's relationship with Korea in the olden days.
I have heard that there is a movement in Korea to destroy the tombs because they symbolize the relationship with Japan in the old days. This is a troubling issue.
Meanwhile, the way of life of the people also reflected their increasing productivity
The expansion of inter-regional trade was vigorously growing.
This situation may have led to the development of commercial substance and "city building" in which people gathered and settled.
There is no doubt that there was an evolution and development of the aspect of trade in the "capital function" of Asuka Palace.
Probably because of these circumstances, Asuka's "smallness" eventually became a problem.
As a fundamental solution to this problem, the planned construction of the city shifted to the Heijo-kyo stage.
The expansion of trade and economic scale, rather than political and military circumstances, made the relocation of the capital
I think that the expansion of trade and economic scale, rather than political and military circumstances, made the relocation of the capital inevitable.

【天武帝・飛鳥浄御原宮「エビノコ郭」 奈良・飛鳥探索-6】

天武天皇という存在は日本史の中で際だっている。
生年ははっきりせず没年は686年10月1日。
かれの生きた時代は乙巳の変（大化の改新）白村江海戦とその敗北、
兄の中大兄皇子・後の天智天皇による挙国防衛体制の構築。
そして天智帝の息子・大友皇子との皇位継承を巡っての戦いが壬申の乱であり、
天武は勝利して即位した、という流れになっている。
日本という国号、天皇という尊号はかれの時代に定まったとされる。
様々な説があるけれど、伊勢神宮が皇室にとっての特別な地位に就いたのは
かれ天武帝の壬申の乱の時点の行動に由来するのではと思われる。
今日に至る実質的な国家輪廓の創造に大きく関与したのだとされる。

そしてその天武帝は「飛鳥浄御原宮」に即位したという。
この宮を巡ってその場所はどこか、それ以前の飛鳥板蓋宮との関係など
古代史の大きな論争点になっている。
今回橿原考古博物館展示を見学する機会に「考古学的」な知見として
飛鳥板蓋宮を更新して「飛鳥浄御原宮」は建設されたと見なす展示。
そしてその「大極殿」擬定建築として「エビノコ郭正殿模型」が示されていた。
エビノコ郭の名前の由来にもなっている地名（エビノ子）は
現在の明日香村役場付近の小字（あざ）名とされる。
古代史上のテーマに対して考古学による実証検討を重ねた結果。
29.2×15.3メートルで四面庇付きの大型の掘立柱建物跡がこの地域で発掘された。
「西側に５間×２間の門がある長方形の区画。内部に９間×５間のエビノコ大殿。
区画南側には朝堂が存在と推定。最近の研究で天武天皇の飛鳥浄御原宮の段階に
新たにつくられた説が有力。おそらくのちの大極殿的性格を持っていた。」
という解説が付されている。
これをそのまま信じれば日本の確認できる最初の「大極殿」と考えられる。
主人たる天武天皇が「天皇号」「日本国号」を定めた経緯からするとそうなる。
建築として「大極殿」というのはある象徴性を持っている。
言うまでもなく社会制度権力の中心を意味し「威信建築」の最たるもの。
少なくとも東アジア世界では究極的建築概念になるだろう。


この写真は国立歴史民俗博物館2009年「日本建築は特異なのか」展図録に示された
上・北京の紫禁城太和殿。清朝の中核権力建築。
下・京都御所紫宸殿。言うまでもなく朝廷権威の中核建築。
時代、時間的には大きな隔たりがあるけれど日本国家の初源期を想起させる。

中国の紫禁城が高々とした基壇の上にあるのに対して
日本の王宮建築では威圧感はより少ない。
紫宸殿建築では右近の橘・左近の桜という印象を和らげる外観装置もある。
現代でも中国共産党指導部はこの周辺地域に蟠踞している。
ロシア・プーチンにも通じる秦の始皇帝由来の大陸的侵略暴力剥き出し、
専制独裁の色彩が強烈な中国皇帝型権力と、和を重んじる日本皇室の違いが
建築でもみごとに表現されているように思える次第。
そういう建築にしてなお、現在「エビノコ」という一見ユーモラスな地名が
冠詞になっている始原建築というのもまた重ねて楽しい。


English version⬇

Emperor Temmu, Asuka Jomihara Palace "Ebinoko Kaku" Nara, Asuka Exploration-6]
This is the central building of national power where Emperor Temmu, the founder of the Japanese name "Japan" and "Emperor", was enthroned. The humor of the name is also very Japanese. ...

Emperor Temmu stands out in Japanese history.
His birth year is uncertain, and his death date is October 1, 686.
His life was marked by the Taika Reformation, the Battle of Hakumurage and its defeat, and the establishment of a national defense system by his elder brother, Emperor Nakataiohito, and the future Emperor Tenchi.
His elder brother, Prince Nakataio, later Emperor Tenchi, established a system of national defense.
The battle over the succession to the throne between Emperor Tenchi's son, Prince Otomo, and the emperor was the Jinshin Rebellion, which Tenmu won and ascended to the throne.
Emperor Tenmu was victorious and ascended to the throne.
The country name "Japan" and the title "Emperor" are said to have been established during his reign.
There are various theories, but it is said that Ise Jingu took on a special status for the imperial family during the reign of Emperor Temmu.
The reason for the special status of Ise Jingu for the imperial family may be attributed to the actions of the Emperor Temmu at the time of the Jinshin Rebellion.
He is said to have played a major role in the creation of the substantial national structure that has existed to this day.
The Emperor Tenmu then ascended to the throne at the Asuka Jomihara Palace.
The location of this palace and its relationship with the earlier Asuka Itabatamiya Palace is a major point of controversy in ancient history.
The location of this palace and its relationship to the Asuka Itabatamiya Palace, which preceded it, have become major points of controversy in ancient history.
On the occasion of visiting the Kashihara Museum of Archaeology exhibition, I was able to learn about the "archaeological" findings of the Asuka Itabatamiya Palace.
The Asuka Jomihara Palace was constructed by renewing the Asuka Itabatamiya Palace.
The model of "Ebinoko-kaku Shoden" was also shown as a quasi-structural model of the "Daigoku-den".
The name of the place (Ebinoko) from which the name of Ebinoko-kaku is derived is
The name "Ebinoko," which is also the origin of the name of Ebinoko-kaku, is said to be the name of a small village near the present Asuka Village Office.
The result of a series of archaeological empirical studies on the theme of ancient history.
A large hottate-bashira (dugout pillar) building measuring 29.2 x 15.3 meters with eaves on four sides was excavated in this area.
A rectangular plot with a 5 ken x 2 ken gate on the west side. Inside is a 9 ken x 5 ken Ebinoko Da-den (large hall).
On the south side of the plot, a chodo is presumed to have existed. Recent research has led to the theory that it was newly built at the stage of Emperor Temmu's Asuka Jomihara Palace.
The most likely theory is that it was newly built during the Asuka Jomihara Palace of Emperor Temmu. It probably had the character of the later Daigoku-den.
If we believe this theory, we can confirm the existence of the first
If this is believed as it is, it is considered to be the first "Daigoku-den" that can be confirmed in Japan.
This is so, given the circumstances in which Emperor Temmu, the master of the building, established the Emperor's name and the name of Japan.
As an architectural structure, Daigoku-den has a certain symbolism.
Needless to say, it signifies the center of the social system and power, and is the ultimate example of "prestige architecture.
At least in East Asia, it is the ultimate architectural concept.

This photo was shown in the National Museum of Japanese History 2009 "Is Japanese Architecture Peculiar?
Above: Taihe Dian, Forbidden City, Beijing. This was the core power structure of the Qing Dynasty.
Below: Shikikiden Hall of the Imperial Palace in Kyoto. Needless to say, this is the core architecture of imperial court authority.
Although there is a big gap in time, it reminds us of the early days of the Japanese nation.
Whereas the Forbidden City in China is on a lofty platform
The Forbidden City in China is built on a lofty platform, whereas the Japanese royal palace architecture is less intimidating.
The capital building also has an exterior device that softens the impression of tachibana on the right side and cherry blossoms on the left side.
Even today, the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party is coiled around this area.
The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) leadership is still coiled in the surrounding areas.
The difference between the Chinese imperial power, with its strong tinge of tyranny and dictatorship, and the Japanese imperial family, with its emphasis on harmony, is expressed beautifully in the architecture.
The difference between the Chinese imperial power, which is strongly tinged with tyranny and dictatorship, and the Japanese imperial family, which values harmony, is expressed beautifully in the architecture.
Even with such architecture, the seemingly humorous name of the place, "Ebinoko
The fact that the name "Ebinoko," a seemingly humorous place name, is now used as a synonym for the original architecture is also enjoyable.