US5094806(The Dow Chemical Company)
1. A method of blow molding an article, comprising
(a) providing a composition which consists essentially of a mixture of
(i) one or more of the members of the group consisting of
(A) polyamide; (B) polyester; (C) poly(methyl methacrylate); (D) polyolefin homopolymer; (E) poly(phenylene ether); (F) polystyrene; (G) polyurethane; (H) acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene/copolymer; (I) acrylonitrile/EPDM/styrene copolymer where EPDM is ethylene/propylene/diene rubber; (J) acrylonitrile/styrene/alkyl acetate copolymer; (K) ethylene/carbon monoxide copolymer; (L) styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer; (M) a blend of (1) poly(phenylene ether), (2) polystyrene, and (3) a vinyl aromatic/conjugated diene（共役ジエン） di- or tri-block copolymer; and
(ii) a fluorinated（フッ素化） olefinic polymer or copolymer which is present in a melt strength increasing amount（溶融強度を増大させる量） of about 0.001 percent to about 5 percent of said composition by weight（重量で）;
(b) melt processing （溶融加工）said composition into a hollow preform wherein the melt strength of said hollow preform is increased by the（冠詞） presence of said fluorinated olefinic polymer or copolymer; and
(c) blow molding said article from said hollow preform.
代名詞：
1) "This invention relates to an improved process for blow molding thermoplastic compositions, more particularly relates to a process for modifying thermoplastic polymeric materials or resins to make them more useful for blow molding purposes, and relates also to such modified compositions and articles blow molded therefrom."
2) "polyetheretherketone, including that which is prepared by the polycondensation under anhydrous conditions of a bisphenol"
3) "Fibril-forming PTFE is typically considered to be that which has a structure wherein PTFE particles having an average size of 0.1-0.2 microns are held together by fibrils having diameters from a fourth to a tenth or less of the diameters of the particles. "
成形可能：
"Although many thermoplastic resins have been found to be injection moldable over a broad range of conditions"
対する要求：
"This is due to the unique demand placed on a thermoplastic material by the blow molding operation."
冠詞：
"In one aspect of the conventional blow molding operation（"a"としてない）, a cylindrically shaped parison, or preform, of a heat softened thermoplastic material is extruded vertically downward until the parison has attained a pre-selected length"
挟む、締め付ける：
"A split cavity mold is then closed around the parison, pinching its walls together at least at one end, and optionally at intermediate locations and at the other end as well."
態様、形態、方法：
1) "Compressed gas（無冠詞） is injected into the parison, either from one of the ends or through one or more blow pins inserted in its side, to inflate the parison against the sides of the mold in a fashion similar to the expansion of a balloon."
2) "Rubber modification of a polymer, copolymer or blend typically takes the form of a rubbery domain grafted to a thermoplastic matrix."
接触：
"Contact of the thermoplastic material with the mold causes it to cool and harden in the shape of the mold."
wherein:
1) "Because a parison is formed as a single, integral piece of thermoplastic material, and the inflating medium acts from its interior to shape it with outward pressure, blow molding makes possible the fabrication of "hollow" articles, wherein two or more walls define or contain a completely enclosed space, or a series of such spaces."
2) "The fluorinated olefinic polymers or copolymers useful in this invention are those wherein fluorine atoms or fluorinated organic (e.g. C.sub.1 C.sub.12) side chains have been substituted for the hydrogen atoms on an ethylenic polymeric backbone, and include as examples:"
形状：
"These articles range from as simple a shape as a shampoo bottle to a complex article such as an extensively contoured automotive instrument panel containing multiple interior channels which function as ducts for wiring or for a heating/ventilating/air conditioning system."（広範囲にわたり形状が付された）
肉厚：
"A low level of melt strength in the material from which the parison is extruded can limit the length and diameter of the parison, and thus the size and wall thickness of the object being molded."
記載：
1) "The use of fibril-forming polytetrafluoroethylene ("PTFE") to increase the melt viscosity and elasticity of high molecular weight organic polymers for use in melt extrusion and thermoforming is set forth in Busse, U.S. Pat. No. 3,005,795."
2) "The processes for making PTFE described above are discussed in greater detail in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,393,967, 3,855,191 and 4,186,121, each of which is incorporated herein. "
言及されてない：
"However, no mention is made therein of the blow molding process"
に関しても示唆は無い：
"Nor is any suggestion present therein as to the use of a fluorine-containing olefin polymer or copolymer in conjunction with a blend of two or more organic polymers."
有する：
"It would accordingly be desirable to have methods, and to have compositions useful in such methods, for employing a variety of fluorinated olefinic polymers or copolymers to increase the melt strength of a variety of thermoplastic polymeric materials or resins to be used in a blow molding operation, thereby improving the quality of articles blow molded from said compositions."（provideの方が自然な気がするが）
この発明は～である：
"In one aspect, this invention is (1) a method of blow molding an article, comprising"
混ぜる、混合する：
"a fluorinated olefinic polymer or copolymer and, optionally, an elastomeric impact modifier, is admixed with thermoplastic polymeric material (or more than one such material) for the purpose of increasing the melt strength of the polymeric material in a blow molding operation, thereby improving the blowability of the polymeric material and the surface quality and the tack seam strength of the article molded."
mixture/admixture/blend/compound/composite/amalgam
重量パーセント：
1) "Suitable ranges of content for the compositions of this invention, by weight percent of the total composition, are as follows: thermoplastic polymeric material about 75% to about 99.999%, fluorinated olefinic polymer or copolymer about 0.001% to about 5%, and elastomeric impact modifier optionally up to about 20%."
2) "A fluorinated olefinic polymer or copolymer is used in this invention in an amount of about 0.001% to about 5% by weight of the thermoplastic composition which is being blow molded."
問題を有する：
"a molded article which has a tendency to suffer from surface pitting"
生ずる：
"the likelihood that the molded article will experience brittle rather than ductile failure when impacted at subambient temperature." （～に～が生ずる）
微粒子状：
"For example, the materials can be dry blended and agitated in particulate form, and the dry blended formulation can later be melt mixed in an extruder as a separate step."
and/or
"Appropriate solvents for such purpose include, but are not limited to, methylene chloride, acetone, benzaldehyde, aniline, heptane or ethylene glycol."
thereof:
"Thermoplastic resins such as polymers, copolymers and alloys and blends of two or more thereof, including but not limited to non-carbonate polymers or copolymers, but excluding fluorinated olefinic polymers and copolymers, are ideally suited for use as the thermoplastic polymeric material of this invention."
同時、ながら：
1) "The polymer particles coagulate as they are formed."
2) "the melt strength of a blow molding material must resist not only the gravitational pull on the weight of the parison, but the momentum which the parison experiences because of its downward motion as it is extruded from the die."
分詞：
"These methods of producing HFP are discussed in greater detail, respectively, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,758,138 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,047,640, each being incorporated herein."
ちょうど～のように：
"The fluorinated olefinic polymer or copolymer assists in this process because it appears to possess a high degree of elastic memory and is believed to experience strain relaxation much as a stretched coil spring would upon release from the stretching tension."
ドローダウン：
"When not accompanied by high melt strength, high viscosity alone in the molten extrudate is believed to typically not be sufficient to give the degree of tenacity needed to allow a parison to resist the effects of drawdown and support its own weight during extrusion and during the interval between completion of extrusion and the closing of the mold around it."
する程度：
"In fact, if a blow molding resin is too viscous, a parison formed therefrom may swell upon extrusion to the extent that its walls are undesirably thickened"
