モータコイル
整列巻き
aligned winding: US2013076195(A1), Panasonic
wind regularly: US2010225195(A1), Daikin
regular winding: US8102092, Yasukawa Denki
占積率
space factor: US2013076195(A1), Panasonic
space for winding: US8487501, Mitsubishi Electric
copper factor（銅占積率）: US2007180685, Bosch
copper filling factor (銅占積率）：US7646131, Siemens
space factor: US7771280, Bosch
渡り線：
crossover wire (US8143753)
crossover line (US7928619)
US8480393(Lockheed Martin Corporation)
構成要素：
"These composite materials, which include a matrix constituent, typically a resin, and a reinforcement constituent, typically a fiber bundle or woven fabric, are formed via a molding operation."
加圧下：
"In this process, resin is added under pressure into a closed-cavity mold."
自動詞：
"Some but not all of this air is driven out through vents as the fibers fill with resin."
により、を使用して：
"For small molds, this problem is addressed using relatively inexpensive presses."
示す：
1) "FIG. 1 depicts a simplified representation of conventional, horizontally oriented, VARTM molding apparatus 100."
2) "As depicted in FIG. 1, apparatus 100 includes hard tool 102 (i.e., the mold) and soft tool 112"
実施、使用、用いる：
"soft tool 112, which is traditionally implemented as a flexible membrane, such as nylon vacuum bagging film, a sheet of silicon rubber, or similar material."
以下：
"Resin is introduced into chamber 114 to impregnate the reinforcement component, typically fibers/fabric 108 (hereinafter "fiber preform 108")"
倒置：
"Also disposed in chamber 114 are mold release (applied as a liquid or solid) film 104, peel ply 106, resin distribution medium 110, resin distribution line(s) 117, and vacuum distribution line(s) 118."
となる、構成する、提供する、：
"The peel ply and release film provide a releasing interface to make it easier to separate various layers (e.g., resin distribution medium, etc.) from the finished workpiece."
挟持：
"Fiber preform 108 is thus sandwiched between hard tool 102 and soft tool 112 in chamber 114."
真空：
1) "In operation, a vacuum is pulled in chamber 114 via vacuum line 118, thereby drawing soft tool 112 against resin distribution medium 110."
2) "in operation, a vacuum is first drawn in second chamber 226"
3) "In operation, a vacuum is established in the region between the soft tool and the hard tool."
4) "Vacuum can be drawn via gas conduit 452 or via a separate vacuum line (not depicted)."
5) "The vacuum is broken in region 444"
6) "Resin distribution medium 610 and fiber preform 508 are under vacuum."
比率：
"This is required to obtain a composite with a controlled and desired fiber volume fraction."
然るが故に：
"Typically, the lines are discarded after the workpiece is removed from the mold and new resin inlet lines and resin distribution lines are installed for each subsequent VARTM molding operation. As such, these lines are effectively single-use lines."
同様、のように：
"Like conventional VARTM, FASTRAC apparatus 200 includes hard tool 202 and soft tool 212, with fiber preform 208 sandwiched therebetween."
固定：
"The FASTRAC layer is sealed to the hard tool or other appropriate surface to create a second gas-tight chamber 226 above soft tool 212." (fasten)
すなわち、ハイフン、ダッシュ：
1) "Secondary vacuum line 228 is operable to evacuate air from this second gas-tight region. FASTRAC apparatus 200 thus includes two "vacuum bags"--one created by soft tool 212 and the second via FASTRAC layer 220."
2) "This pressure differential--atmospheric or greater pressure on the second side of the soft tool and vacuum on the first side of the soft tool results in a compaction pressure that acts on the fiber preform."
3) "To facilitate delivery of the resin to the fiber preform, a passage--the reusable resin distribution line--is formed between the soft tool and the resin distribution medium/fiber preform."
に従い、の通り：
"After channels 230 are formed, the pressure in first chamber 214 is reduced to evacuate air, as per standard VARTM processing."
wherein:
1) "This reference discloses a VARTM process wherein a flow channel is created on the top face of the fiber preform to accelerate resin flow and reduce resin injection time."
2) "When bridge 564 is in the form of a closed loop, such as in molding apparatus 500 wherein the bridge encircles hard tool 502, the bridge must be configured so that it can expand and contract in diameter/circumference."
分詞：
"This causes soft tool 312 to stretch away from the top of fiber preform 308 creating flow channel 314, as depicted in FIG. 3."（結果）
緩和策、軽減策、対策：
"Some mitigation measures are discussed, but ultimately, fiber volume fraction may, in many cases, be lower than desired."
配置、配列、構成：
"A VARTM-based molding apparatus in accordance with the illustrative embodiment of the present invention also includes an arrangement for forming a RRDL (hereinafter referred to as the "RRDL forming arrangement")."
離間：
"The RRDL forming arrangement includes two spaced-apart inflatable bladders and a material (hereinafter a "bridge") that spans the two bladders, bridging the space therebetweeen."
重なる、覆う：
"Since the bridge overlies the bladders, it moves away from the resin distribution medium/fiber preform as the bladders inflate."
作る、作製：
"That apparatus is used to fabricate non-planar composite parts; in particular, it is used to form cylindrical structures for creating long, large-diameter articles."
まず説明する：
"To provide background for the description of the illustrative embodiment of the present invention--molding apparatus 500--a description of molding apparatus 400 and its operation is first provided."
から構成される、有する、備える：
"In apparatus 400, hard tool 402 comprises a plurality of arcuate segments that collectively define a cylindrical shape."
等：
"Both the inner and outer soft tools are made of a resilient material, such as silicone rubber or the like"
近接：
"Fiber preform 408 is disposed proximal to hard tool 402 within outer molding region 442."
同様に：
"Likewise, fiber preform 408' is disposed within inner molding region 442' proximal to hard tool 402."
簡略、簡潔化のため：
"For brevity, the details of the operation are only provided with respect to outer molding region 442."
径方向外側：
"the soft tool is drawn away from hard tool 402 (i.e., drawn radially outward in molding region 442)"
計量：
"Typically, a metering-mixing pump (not depicted) that combines catalyst (for curing) and resin in correct proportion supplies the resin to the resin supply conduit."
当業者であれば：
"Those skilled in the art will know how to suitably select a resin as a function of the article that is being produced."
このようにして：
"In this manner, geometry of the workpiece being formed is controlled everywhere within the molding region."
代名詞：
"the compacting liquid is selected so that its specific gravity is as close as possible to that of the resin."
以外は、を例外として：
"Molding apparatus 500 is identical in structure to molding apparatus 400 with the exception that"
当接：
"The soft tool actually abuts the resin distribution media (not shown)/fiber preform during molding operations since a vacuum is drawn in region 546."
関わる、関連する：
"FIG. 5B, which omits the soft tool and fiber preform to better illustrate features germane to the invention, shows bridge 564"
ではあるが、にも関わらず：
"Notwithstanding the requirement to enable in-plane movement, the bridge must be rigid enough to resist or limit "out-of-plane" movement such that it does not flex towards the resin distribution media as it pulls the soft tool away therefrom."
面内：
"The discrete segments 568 are free to move in-plane with respect to one another"
面外：
"The rigidity of the individual segments resists out-of-plane movement."
実質的：
"The operation of apparatus 500 is essentially the same as that of apparatus 400, with the exception of"
流体的に：
"Inflation tubes 574 are fluidically coupled to the inflatable bladders to provide compressed gas (e.g., air, etc.) thereto."
substantial：量
substantive：性質
（とは言っても、実際は大抵substantiallyで済ましてますが。但し、時々「相当な、大量の」の意味と混同しないか心配な時もあります。）
Grammarist
PainInTheEnglish.com
US4297910(Ford Motor Company)
～するよう取付：
"a gear selector shaft mounted for rotation and axial displacement"
固さ、剛性：
"Because of the greater structural stiffness of the connecting mechanism over shorter distance between the gear selector shaft and the transmission"
単複：
"Because of the resultant structural deformation of the various load carrying members of the shifting mechanism and the tolerances associated with the numerous mechanical joints of the mechanism, the vehicle operator has a vague and uncertain indication of the speed ratio in which the transmission is operating."（複数）
前後：
"A further contribution to the uncertainty associated with shift handle operation is the requirement in transaxle vehicles that fore and aft motion of the shift handle actually produce right-left motion of the shaft that transmits operator control input to the gear selector mechanism."
妨げる、不便：
"Transaxle vehicles on the other hand are encumbered by a vagueness in the feedback given the vehicle operator as a result of the control he exercises over the gear selector shaft."
制御：
"To overcome the problem in manual transmission control for transaxle vehicle, the control according to this invention provides a specific and well defined path that restrains the movement of the gear selection shaft regardless of the movement variations the engine-transmission assembly may undergo in relation to the vehicle chassis."
介して、により：
"a gear selector shaft 10 whose position is controlled by the vehicle operator by way of a shift handle (not shown) that is connected to the shaft 10."
配設、取付：
1) "The shifting lever is mounted on the transmission casing 12 within axial bores 14, 16, that permit both linear displacement of the shifting lever parallel to its longitudinal axis and rotation about the axis."
2) "A selector control plate 28 is mounted on the transmission casing 12 by mounting screws 30,32."（取付ネジ）
備える、提供する：
1) "A control block 18 provides a cylindrical bore 20 through which the selector shaft passes and upon which the control block is secured by way of the roll pin 22."
2) "As best illustrated in FIG. 2, control block 18 provides an arm 24 that extends radially from the longitudinal axis of the shift lever."
端部：
1) "A selector pin 26 is mounted on the outer extremity of the arm 24."
2) "At one extremity of the transverse slot 34, and intersecting slot 38 defines a path of travel between the third and fourth speed ratio positions of the selector shaft 10. At the opposite extremity of the transverse slot 34, a reverse slot 40 intersects with slot 34"
平面：
"The planar surface of the control plate has an interconnected system of longitudinal slots formed therein into which system selector pin 26 is inserted and extends through the thickness of the control plate."
小さい：
"The guide pin 26 is about 0.15 mm undersized in relation to the semi-circular extremities of slot 36."
かみ合い、篏合：
"Its fit within the slots is sufficiently close so that the slot system provides a guide for the movement of the pin."
より大きく：
"However, because of rotation of the block 18 about the axis of selector shaft 10 the width of slots 38 and 40 is increased above that of slot 36 to accommodate the angular fit of pin 26 therewithin."
代名詞：
"A central intersecting slot 36 arranged so that its axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shift lever defines the path of the selector pin between the first speed ratio and the second speed ratio position of the shift lever 10."
面取り：
"The slot system provides a chamfered corner 42 at the intersection of slot 34 and 38"
厳密な、正確な：
"Maintaining the square corner at the intersection of the slots requires that the selector pin be moved in more rigorous paths between the longitudinal slots"
必要：
"Therefore, to produce this sequence first of rotation and later displacement, it is imperative that shift lever 10 be rotated about its axis before it is moved longitudinally."
分詞：
"selector pin 26 must be moved first parallel to its longitudinal axis into the neutral slot 34 and then rotated causing pin 68 to disengage slot 82."
着座：
"shaft 10 is moved until the contour of pin 26 seats in the cylindrical surfaces at the extremity of the appropriate slot end."
US4799399(Ford Motor Company)
前後：
1) "This invention relates generally to the gear arrangement and shift mechanism for an automotive vehicle transmission, and especially to a transaxle transmission mechanism wherein a common axis of the engine and transmission is transversely disposed with respect to the fore-and-aft axis of the vehicle."
2) "Shifting 1-2 synchronizer sleeve 64 fore and aft produces a driving connection between gears 60 or 61 and the countershaft 48 by way of the spline 68."
取付、配設：
1) "In front wheel drive road vehicles it is necessary that the transmission have a minimum axial dimension because of the restricted space available in the transverse direction into which the engine and transaxle must be fitted."（収容）
2) "Hub 108 has external splines on which an internally splined synchronizer clutch sleeve 112 is mounted."
3) "An interlock sleeve 172 is loosely fitted over the selector sleeve 170 and furnishes a slot 178 that extends parallel to the axis of the shift rail and a second circumferential slot 180."
4) "Interlock sleeve 172 rotates with shift rail 140 because of the contact of selector finger 174 in slot 178 and of the keyway fit of the outer contour of selector sleeve 170 within the interlock sleeve."（キー溝篏合）
5) "The shift fork is fixed to the second shift rail 168, which is disposed parallel to the input shafts"
実現：
"This advantage is realized because the mechanism includes, in addition to the input shaft, two countershafts."
支持：
1) "The first countershaft carries the four lower speed ratio gears, the second countershaft carries only the fifth speed ratio gear."
2) "Formed on or carried by the shaft 20 are five torque input pinions shown respectively at 30, 32, 34, 36, 38."
3) "The first shift fork 148 is movably supported on the shift rail 140 for rotation and axial displacement."（可動に支持）
駆動接続：
1) "Such an arrangement is not adaptable to function with a lesser number of speed ratios upon the removal of one countershaft and the shift mechanism that operates to driveably connect the pinions to the countershaft on which they are journalled."
2) "thereby establishing a driving connection between countershaft 48 and output gear 61."
～する部分：
"The shift mechanism that controls the operation of the transaxle according to this invention is so designed that the four lower speed ratios and the reverse drive can be selected without affecting that portion of the shift mechanism that controls the operation of the fifth speed ratio."
面における断面：
"FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the transmission gearing arrangement for my invention taken at the plane 1--1 of FIG. 2."
支承、軸支
1) "an input shaft 20 is journalled in a bearing 22 mounted in the support wall 24 of the clutch housing 44."
2) "The left end of the input shaft is journalled by bearing 40 in a bearing opening formed in the end wall 42 of the housing 26."
3) "A countershaft 48 is journalled at one axial end in the bearing 50, which is received in a recess formed in right-hand wall 24 and at the opposite end in the bearing 52, which is received in a recess formed in the end wall 42."
4) "The output gears 60-63 are journalled on the outer surface of the countershaft 48."
外周：
"A shaft seal 28 located in an annular recess formed in the support wall 24 seals the outer periphery of the shaft 20."
形成：
1) "These pinions form torque delivery paths for operation in low speed ratio, reverse, second speed ratio, third speed ratio, and fourth speed ratio, respectively."
2) "Sleeve 112 is formed with internal clutch teeth that are adapted to engage external clutch teeth 114 formed on the hub of the fifth speed input gear 102."
として機能する：
"Pinion 38 also operates to provide a portion of the torque delivery path for the fifth speed ratio."
固定：
1) "The right-hand end of the housing 26 is bolted to the left-hand end of the clutch housing 44 by the attachment bolts 46."
2) "A first final drive pinion 54 is fixed to or integrally formed with countershaft 48 and meshes with the final drive gear 56, which drives a differential gear assembly designated generally by the reference character 58."
3) "a selector sleeve 170, which is mounted on the outer surface of shift rail 140 and secured to it by a mounting pin."
4) "A selector block 220 is fixedly secured to shaft 208"
スプライン：
1) "A reverse gear 64 formed integrally with the 1-2 synchronizer sleeve is carried by the synchronizer hub 66, which is splined at 68 to （スプライン嵌合、係合）the countershaft 48."
2) "The reverse gear 64 is splined to the outer periphery of the synchronizer hub 66 and is adapted for axial sliding movement on the hub."
3) "A 3-4 synchronizer clutch hub 82 is splined at 84 to countershaft 48 and has external splines on which the internally splined synchronizer clutch sleeve 86 is slideably mounted"
適合：
"A reverse drive idler pinion 70 moves within the range shown in FIG. 1 and is adapted to engage the gear 64."
係合：
1) "When reverse gear 64 is in the central position indicated in FIG. 1 and when the reverse idler pinion 70 is shifted in the left-hand direction as seen in that figure, the idler pinion 70 is brought into engagement with the reverse input pinion 32 and with reverse gear 64 thereby completing a reverse torque delivery path between the input shaft 20 and the final drive pinion 54."
2) "When reverse gear 64 is shifted in a left-hand direction, the clutch teeth 76 on the gear 61 engage with the internal clutch teeth of the reverse gear 64"
3) "One end of the shift rail 140 has three circumferential grooves 144, which are engaged selectively by a detent pin 146 that is spring loaded and engages any of the recesses depending upon the axial position of the shift rail 140."
（姿勢、位置を）取る：
"When operating the transmission in any ratio except reverse ratio, the reverse idler pinion 70 assumes the position at the left-hand end of its support shaft 276 as seen in FIG. 8."
噛み合い：
"A fifth speed ratio gear 102, which is journalled on the outer surface of the auxiliary countershaft 96, is also in meshing engagement with pinion 38 as is the fourth speed gear 63."
接続、結合：
"At the opposite axial end of the auxiliary crankshaft, a fifth speed ratio final drive pinion 104 is joined to the auxiliary countershaft 96 by the splines 106"
同様：
"a fifth speed ratio final drive pinion 104 is joined to the auxiliary countershaft 96 by the splines 106 and is in meshing engagement with final drive gear 56 of the differential assembly as is pinion 54."
(just as pinion 54 is in meshing engagement with final drive gear 56)
中間：
"Intermediate the fifth speed gear 102 and the fifth speed pinion 104, a third synchronizer clutch hub 108 is splined at 110 to the countershaft 96."（前置詞らしい）
代名詞：
1) "the 1-2 clutch sleeve 64 is disengaged from gears 60 and 61 and sleeve 112 is in its neutral position."
2) "The pin holds the selector shaft in the selected position and prevents its inadvertent axial movement"
参照番号で示す：
"Shift fork 148 has an arm portion 154 that extends toward a shift interlock mechanism generally indicated by the reference number 156."
周方向に配列：
"FIGS. 4 and 5 show the axially extending arms 154, 164 of the shift forks 148, 158, respectively, arranged around the circumference of the shift rail 140."
を中心に回転：
"When bellcrank 184 is rotated about the axis of stub shaft 190 in response to axial movement of the shift rail 140"
を中心として枢動：
"When shift rail 140 is rotated into alignment with the end 166 and then shifted axially, selector finger 174 causes bellcrank 184 to pivot about the stub shaft axis 190."
備える：
"Opening 211 is provided with a fluid seal 212 and a protective flexible boot 214 at one end of the shift selector shaft 208."
US5536035(General Motors)
ラッパ状に広がる：
"The housing 15 includes walls 20 and 21 which generally flare outward towards a bottom opening 23 and between which is connected wall 22."
倒置：
"Formed integrally with the walls 20-22 is top 24 which includes a central opening 25, three suspension mounting openings 26-28 located around the central opening 25 and two adaptor mounting openings 30 and 31."
構成：
"The housing 15 is generally configured to provide an adequate opening to receive the suspension assembly without unduly intruding into the available space provided within the engine compartment of the vehicle."
取付：
1) "Adaptor 35 is constructed of a rigid material such as steel and includes riser 36 which has a means for mounting to suspension support 17 such as fastener openings, representative of which, is opening 37."
2) "The steering knuckle and hub assembly 58 is rotatably mounted to the control arm 61 and carries rotor 62."
3) "Control arm 61 includes mounting opening 63 for attachment to control arm mount 33 on suspension support 17 and mounting stud 64 for attachment to control arm mount 34 on suspension support 17."
4) "Control arm mount 33 is securely attached to suspension support 17 and is carried within housing 15 near wall 20."
結合：
"Strut assembly 50 is coupled to the shock tower 10 by means of fasteners 54-56."
therefor：
"Riser 36 is connected to platform 38 and provides support therefor."
（副詞か・・・）
合う：
"The portion of adaptor 35 including platform 38 and the adjacent areas of braces 46, 47 and frame 39 are shaped to closely mate with the area of housing 15 adjacent the top 24."
代表：
"The shock absorber 70 is connected directly to lower control arm 77 by a plurality of fasteners representative of which is fastener 78."
US8316972(Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition)
移行、推移：
"A method for transitioning a reconfigurable robot over an obstacle in its path"（他動詞）
付帯状況:
1) "a base, having a first end, a second end, and a forward facing side, with a first rear wheel and a second rear wheel being attached to said first end of said base"
2) "a second arm, having a first end and a second end, with said second end having a second front wheel"
近い、接近：
"a track system proximate said forward facing side of said base and attached to said base"
準備する、置く、する：
"providing said reconfigurable robot in a high center of mass configuration wherein said front wheel is lifted off the ground and said reconfigurable robot is balanced on said rear wheels"
において更に：
"A method for transitioning a reconfigurable robot over an obstacle in its path as recited in claim 5, further wherein said first front wheel and said second front wheel can be driven at different speeds in order to steer said reconfigurable robot."
構成、形状：
"The present invention pertains to methods for control of the configuration and motion of a robot"
where:
"Robots are particularly useful in combat situations, where they may be deployed into dangerous environments without putting soldiers' lives at risk."
cf. "FIG. 1 shows the invention in an upright two-wheeled high Center of Mass balance configuration in which a control system provides a command to main drive wheels 30, 31 in order to balance the robot on the two main drive wheels."
避けながら巧に移動：
"Unlike human soldiers, current robot platforms cannot easily maneuver around rocks, trees, and holes."
詳細に示す：
"FIG. 7 shows a flowchart detailing an algorithm for transitioning the device from a low Center of Mass configuration to a high Center of Mass balance configuration."
連続画像シーケンス：
"FIG. 9 is a time-lapsed image sequence of the embodiment of FIG. 4 transitioning from a four-wheel low Center of Mass configuration to a four-wheeled A-frame configuration to a two-wheeled high Center of Mass balance configuration."
可動、作動：
"An actuated joint located between the rear ground contacting members and the front ground contacting members is used to raise the Center of Mass when transitioning between the low Center of Mass configuration and the high Center of Mass configuration"
接触：
1) "The control signal sent by the control system is related to a measurement of the robot's Center of Mass with respect to the contact point of the wheels that are contacting the ground."
2) "Comparator 8220 determines whether the front base of the vehicle has made contact with the ground."
3) "When in the A-frame configuration, both the rear ground contacting member and the front ground contacting member are in contact with the ground."
搭載、載置、配設：
"Such a measurement could come from a gyroscope mounted in the base, an inertial measurement unit mounted in the base, a camera system mounted to the base or arms, or other means."
取付：
"In this embodiment, track system 80 is attached to base 20. Turret 90 is also attached to base 20, and camera system 110 is attached to turret 90."
接続：
"FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) show a simplified embodiment of the invention in a low Center of Mass configuration and a high Center of Mass configuration, respectively. Rear drive wheel 205 is connected to rear base 210."
乗り越える：
"Track system 80 can be used in order to get over rough terrain."
図番：
"FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2（省略してない）
動力継手、関節、ジョイント：
"Powered joint 220 is connected to rear base 210. Powered joint 220 may also be powered by various means, including electric or hydraulic motors."
ロードする、読み込む：
"When Stand-Up command 7000 is received, watchdog timer 7100 is loaded with the expected time required for the operation."
同時に：
"Lifting torque is also applied to the drive(s) of the arm attachment joint concurrently with the application of torque to the ground-contacting members as indicated by step 7130."
比較：
"Comparator 7140 makes this determination by comparing input data provided by a sensor to the predefined threshold angle."
見る、確認、参照する：
"If the robot has not attained the threshold angle comparator 7140 looks to comparator 7150 to determine if the timer of watchdog timer 7100 has expired."
走行：
"drive over obstacle 700, while arm wheels 60, 61 regain contact with the ground (d); finishes driving over obstacle 700 using main drive wheels 30, 31 (e)"
向ける：
"During this maneuver, turret 90 can be operated to orient weapon system 100 to a desired orientation with respect to the ground, independent of the configuration of the robot."
用いて、により：
"determining suitable and/or optimal control system parameters using one of a number of different mathematical control system tools."
略図：
"FIG. 15 shows a schematic of a specific embodiment of the invention that can be used to compute the wheel and shoulder motor torques that can be applied to transition from a low Center of Mass configuration to an A-frame configuration."
US6189904(General Motors Corporation)
分詞：
1) "a leaf spring [20] oriented transversely across the vehicle body member and coupled at each end to one of the unsprung wheeled suspension members, the leaf spring having an end region extending inwardly from each end thereof and joined by a middle region [25], the leaf spring being vertically thin and compliant in the middle region and vertically thick and stiff in each end region"
2) "each of the mount members comprising a low compliance portion [33, 36] having a convex, curved surface against the spring [20] allowing rolling movement therebetween"
(curved surface allowing rolling movement between the portion and the spring)
3) "and a high compliance portion [34, 37] in contact with the body allowing longitudinal translation therebetween, whereby flexure of the spring in heave mode is facilitated"
(said portion allowing longitudinal translation between the portion and the body)
有する、成る、構成される：
"The suspension of claim 1 in which the leaf spring has a longitudinal member comprising a plurality of continuous and unidirectional fibers in a resin composite forming a vertically thin and compliant middle region, the longitudinal member being split at each end of the middle region into a pair of horizontal layers [23, 27] separated vertically by a core [61, 62] comprising a different material producing thick and stiff end regions extending from each end of the middle region"
そのような：
"A transverse leaf spring suspension, particularly using a composite leaf spring such as the fiberglass Liteflex.RTM. spring manufactured by Delphi Automotive Systems, can provide mass and space reduction in a vehicle wheel suspension. Such a suspension provides a single, transversely oriented leaf spring to provide both heave and roll compliance for a pair of wheels: one on each side of the vehicle."
望ましい：
"It is generally desirable that the ratio of spring rates in the roll and heave modes (roll ratio) be high"
乗り心地：
1) "so that the suspension provides resistance to vehicle body roll in turns while remaining compliant in vertical motion to avoid harshness in ride"
2) "This provides a softer, more comfortable ride."
スプリング、ばね付の：
"Referring to FIG. 1, a sub-frame cross member 10 is transversely incorporated in a sprung body structure of a motor vehicle."
結合：
"lower control arms 16 and 17, the outboard ends of which may be coupled by ball joints to the lower ends of knuckles, not shown, which rotatably support vehicle wheels, not shown, in a standard manner."
拘束、制限、抑制：
"The knuckles and wheels comprise unsprung wheeled suspension members which are constrained by lower control arms and an upper control arm or other members, not shown, to move generally vertically."
凹部：
"A leaf spring 20 has ends 21 and 22 which are supported in depressions 224 and 225 respectively, of lower control arms 16 and 17, respectively."
支持：
1) "Spring 20 is further supported on the under side of cross member 10 by a pair of mounts 30 and 40."
2) "Cross member 10 has well known structure 12 on each end for pivotally supporting the inboard ends of lower control arms 16 and 17,"（枢支、回動可能に支持）
固定：
"Mount 30 comprises a mount member 32 above spring 20, a mount member 35 below spring 20 and a bracket 38 affixed to cross member 10 and firmly retaining mount members 32 and 35 in contact with spring 20."
するよう適合：
" The high modulus portions have curved, convex surfaces adapted for rolling contact with the surface of spring 20 and are sufficiently dense and strong to maintain those surfaces under load."
作製、作る：
"A dual density mount member may be made of a single material, such as urethane, having high and low modulus portions."
処理：
"An example of the latter is a nylon or polycarbonate high modulus member affixed with an epoxy adhesive to a low modulus rubber member, with the nylon high modulus member being treated, such as by plasma treating, to facilitate the adhesive bonding."
接する、接触：
"Wherever one of the mount members 32, 35, 42, 45 contacts spring 20, a wear reducing pad 50 is preferably provided on spring 20 to reduce wear and prevent damage thereto."
設ける：
"wear reducing pad 50 is preferably provided on spring 20 to reduce wear and prevent damage thereto."
凸部、突起：
"Pads 50 may also be provided with containment bumps 52 as shown to help control lateral movement of spring 20."
かなりの、相当な：
"From each end, spring 20 has a substantial vertical thickness through an end region 23, 24."
小さい、薄い：
"A middle region 25 of spring 20 joins end regions 23 and 24 and has a comparatively thin vertical thickness, which is much more vertically compliant."（smallの方が良いんじゃ？）
撓み、たわみ：
"Thus, the structure of spring 20 provides a lower spring rate in middle region 25 for easier flexure and a higher spring rate in the end regions 23 and 24 for more stiffness and less flexure therein."
対して、反対に：
"Purely vertical (heave) motions of the vehicle body tend to move the middle of the spring in opposition to the ends thereof."
where:
"Thus, heave motions of the vehicle body tend to produce flexure in the middle region 25 of spring 20, where it is most compliant."
上述のように：
"The roll ratio of spring 20, as previously stated, is the ratio of the spring rates in roll and heave modes"
薄くする：
"a composite leaf spring of standard construction which has been vertically thinned (and widened) in the middle region."
枢動、回動、ピボット：
1) "The roll ratio is increased even further by the use of the pivoting and translating mounts 30 and 40."
2) "If spring 20 were clamped firmly to the vehicle body with fixed mounts, the pivoting motion of end regions 23 and 24 required for full flexure of the middle region 25 of spring 20 in heave motion would be constrained."
3) "But with spring 20 allowed to pivot in mounts 30 and 40 by the rounded, high modulus portions, heave motions of the vehicle body produce full flexure at the middle region 25 of spring 20, where it is most compliant."
4) "A vehicle body cross-member 110 is provided with pivoting mounting structure 112 inward of each end."
5) "Each of mounts 130 and 140 finally comprises a pair of links (133, 134 and 143, 144, respectively) pivotally coupled at the upper end to mounting structure 112 of cross-member 110 with a common upper pivot axis"
6) "a pair of body mounts coupling the leaf spring to the sprung body member in a pivoting and longitudinally translating manner in spring support areas within the end regions inboard of the ends of the leaf spring"
仮定法：
"In addition, flexure of spring 20 produces a slight longitudinal variation in the length of the spring between the mounts, which would also tend to constrain spring flexure in middle region 25 if the mounts prevented such longitudinal movement."
並進、平行移動：
1) "The relatively unconstrained flexure of spring 20 in its middle region 25 which results from the pivoting and translating of hybrid mounts 30 and 40 significantly decreases the spring rate in heave mode but has little effect in roll mode"
2) "This embodiment uses a similar spring 120 but provides a different form of pivoting and translatable mount."
比率：
"Thus, a vertically thinner middle region would also be horizontally wider; and this places a practical limit on the vertical thickness ratio between the middle and end regions of the spring."
接合：
"The material must bond well to the outer layers and resist shear in bending, both at the material interface and internally."
存続、持続：
"These properties must clearly persist throughout the normal range of expected temperatures and other environmental conditions."
以外は：
"Spring 120 has the same basic shape and construction as spring 20 of FIG. 3 and in fact may be identical, except that the pads 50 with bumps 52 are not used."
内向き：
"the leaf spring having an end region extending inwardly from each end thereof and joined by a middle region"
US6820434
thereof:
"A vapor compression system comprising: a single stage compressor having first and second sections connected in parallel with each having a suction inlet and both discharging to a single discharge port; a condenser for receiving high pressure vapor from said discharge port and converting at least a portion thereof to a lower temperature liquid" (of said vapor)
分詞：
1) "and a subcooler for receiving a portion of said liquid refrigerant from said condenser to subcool another portion of said liquid refrigerant passing from said condenser to said expansion valve, said subcooler being fluidly connected to second section of said compressor."（付帯）
2) "A method of selectively boosting the capacity of a vapor compression system having a single stage compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator comprising the steps of: providing first and second sections to said compressor said first and second sections connected in parallel with each having a suction inlet and both discharging to a single discharge port"（付帯）
1)に対し、said first and second sections being connectedとはなってない。どっちでもＯＫ？
3) "Because of the expansion of the refrigerant in the expansion valve 34, the heat exchange element 34 is cooled, but with the heat exchanger element 36 being in heat exchange relationship with the heat exchanger element 31, the transfer of heat causes a cooling of the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchanger element 31"（理由）
流体結合：
"unloading circuits in at least one section to fluidly interconnect a high pressure side to a low pressure side of said compressor."
関係代名詞を使用しない修飾：
"first and second sections, connected in parallel with each having a suction inlet and both discharging to a single discharge port"
cf. sections which are connected
単複：
1) "This invention relates generally to vapor compression refrigeration systems and, more particularly, to a method and apparatus for subcooling refrigerant in a transport refrigeration system."
2) "In operation, during periods in which the system demand calls for relatively low capacities, the valve 33 is in the closed position and the subcooler 26 is effectively removed from the circuit."（periodが複数だから、それぞれのcapacityということなんだろうか？
2) "A pair of unloaders 51 and 52 are provided to selectively connect the high pressure side back to suction as shown in order to reduce the capacity when it is not needed."
wherein：
1) ring periods of operation wherein greater capacities are required"
2) "Referring now to FIG. 3, an alternative embodiment is shown wherein the isolation valve 33 and the expansion valve 34 are replaced with an electronic expansion device 57 upstream of the subcooler 26 as shown."
等：
"In many refrigeration systems, such as those for preserving food in supermarkets, refrigerators and the like,"
上述の：
"Various marketing conditions have tended to exacerbate the problems of meeting the capacity requirements of transport refrigeration systems as discussed hereinabove."
段：
"multi-compressor staged systems"
可能にすること（？）：
"Another object of the present invention is the provision in a transport refrigeration system to selectively operate at higher capacity levels in an easy to use and efficient manner."
応答、反応：
"Expansion valve 13 is placed just upstream of the evaporator 14 and is responsive to a sensor 21 that senses the temperature of the refrigerant at the downstream end of the evaporator 14 so as to maintain a slightly superheated refrigerant condition."
以下：
"The compressor suction inlet 24 is one of two compressor suction inlets as will be described hereinafter."
助動詞：
"During periods in which the subcooler is activated within the system by the opening of the isolation valve 33, the cylinder 56 will compress the refrigerant being discharged from the subcooler 26, with the compressed refrigerant being mixed with that compressed by the other five cylinders of the compressor 11. During periods in which the additional capacity is not required, the isolation valve 33 will be closed and the cylinder 56 will continue to function but will not perform any work."（なぜ必要？）
参照番号跨ぎ：
"Finally, passing of the refrigerant along line 28 and through the subcooler 26 cools the refrigerant to the point 1 temperature."
入力：
"Other inputs, such as saturation point, ambient temperature, suction pressure and discharge pressure, are input into the controller 58 by way of line 62."
結合：
"a three way valve 67 is provided in line 37 and ties into line 22 by way of line 68."（繋ぐ）
US8085166
適合：
1) "GB patent publication 2,384,062, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, describes an automatic vehicle mechanism, such as an adaptive cruise control, automatic transmission or automatic braking that adapts to the driving style of the driver."
2) "Optionally, the attributes of the display on the windshield are automatically adapted according to the lighting conditions on the windshield"
冠詞、単複：
1) "GB patent publication 2,328,820, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, describes a distance monitoring system that measures the distance to neighboring vehicles, the speed of the monitored vehicle and the weather conditions and provides warnings when sufficient distance is not kept from neighboring vehicles."
2) "The speed of the vehicle 150 and/or other operation attributes of the vehicle are determined and are compared to thresholds indicating when a warning is required. Optionally, the threshold is set dynamically according to the time of day (e.g., light or dark, rush hour), date, the weather, visibility and/or a driver or vehicle rating or profile."
監視：
"The system also keeps track of events, such as accidents, times at which the vehicle is exceeding the speeding limit, presence of alcohol, non-use of turn signals and ABS application without an accident."
接続：
1) "In other embodiments of the invention, input ports 110 are not included in monitoring unit 102 and the monitoring unit does not connect to the mechanisms of the vehicle 150, in order to collect information."
2) " In some embodiments of the invention, the display may be mounted on a wrist of the driver. Possibly, the display is wirelessly coupled to the body of monitoring unit 102."
知らせる：
"The cellular company optionally notifies control station 130 and/or monitoring units 102 when there is available bandwidth and the bandwidth is used by vehicles to transfer their raw data for analysis."
対応、応答：
1) "Alternatively, a basic mapping database is installed with monitoring unit 102 and later updates are generated responsive to readings of GPS receiver 108 and/or determinations of processor 114."
2) "Alternatively or additionally, the contents of memory unit 116 are updated responsive to commands from control station 130."
3) "the warning thresholds are adjusted responsive to the number of passengers in vehicle 150."
9MAY2014:
in response toの意味で副詞として使っているが、文法的にはどうなんだろう？
「追従して」？
保存、記憶：
"Various methods known in the art may be used to determine which data is stored on memory unit 116."
右側：
"For example, when a danger point is on the right, a warning may be provided from a right side speaker and/or a right side flashing light."
作動、作用、機能：
1) "Rather, the adapting of the display angle, the wavelength, the color and/or the intensity to the light conditions operates to allow driver identification of the warnings."
2) "Alternatively or additionally, a buzzer operates 3-4 seconds before the light turns green."
運転、走行：
1) "For example, when it is determined that the driver is driving relatively daringly, a higher sampling rate is used."
2) "Output unit 118 optionally displays information on the road segment on which vehicle 150 is currently driving, for example the speed limit, the average vehicle speed and/or warnings on construction."
3) "For each segment, control station 130 optionally determines driving attributes of the segment, such as the driving distance along the segment (i.e., the length of the segment), the driving time duration of the segment and/or the average driving speed along the segment."
凹凸：
"The acceleration itself is optionally used in determining the bumpiness of the road segment."
その場で：
"Alternatively or additionally, classes are defined on the fly according to the sensor values."
US7273122
動作可能：
1) "at least one fluid energy storage accumulator operable to store and release a pressurized fluid"
2) "a reversible hydraulic machine operatively coupled to an output shaft of said prime mover upstream of the transmission"
3) "The hybrid hydraulic (or regenerative) drive system 8 is operable in three modes of operation including a retarding mode, a driving mode and a neutral mode."
分詞：
"said reversible hydraulic machine being in fluid communication with said at least one energy storage accumulator; and said hybrid hydraulic drive system being arranged such that in said retarding mode said reversible hydraulic machine retards the drive wheels of the vehicle by pumping fluid into said at least one energy storage accumulator"
構成、適合：
"said hybrid hydraulic drive system thereby in use being adapted to supply said supplementary regenerative power and retardation to said drive wheels substantially independently of said prime mover."
設ける：
"a clutch assembly provided for selectively coupling said reversible hydraulic machine to said prime mover"
代名詞：
"wherein said reversible hydraulic machine is operatively coupled to said output shaft of said prime mover at a rear end thereof."
駆動接続：
1) "said torque converter includes a turbine drivingly connected to said output shaft of said prime mover"
2) "Preferably, the transmission 12 is a planetary automatic transmission including a hydrodynamic torque converter 14 that drivingly couples the prime mover 10 to the transmission 12."
可能：
"wherein said reversible hydraulic machine is a reversible hydraulic pump/motor unit capable to function both as a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor."
使う、使われる：
"The use of the energy in the known systems is therefore somewhat inefficient and the known systems therefore have not met with widespread use."
損ねる、低減する：
"However, the additional cost, complexity and weight of such multi-speed designs detract from the feasibility of multi-speed designs."
仮定法：
"In these cases the mounting system would need to support not only the pump/motor unit, but also the gearbox. This required structure will often present a challenge in and of itself to design, and fit into the vehicle chassis. An in depth analysis of the chassis dynamics, weight distribution, noise, harshness, vibration, and critical operational clearances would be required before any such structure could be designed."
示す、表す：
"FIG. 1 schematically depicts a hybrid hydraulic (or regenerative) drive system 8 in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention for application in motor vehicles, especially heavy land vehicles, such as trucks and buses."
分かる、理解されるであろう：
"It will be appreciated that any appropriate type of vehicular transmission is within the scope of the present invention."
流体接続：
"at least one high-pressure hydraulic accumulator 36 fluidly connected to the hydraulic machine 32."
独立して：
"With this arrangement, the displacement of the integrated hydraulic pump/motor unit 32 may be varied and thus the pressurized hydraulic fluid flow produced can be controlled independent of speed at which it is driven."
という意味で、点で：
"Such an arrangement is called in the art a "live" PTO in that it is directly connected to the engine and power can be taken (or given) to the engine through it regardless of transmission operation."
収容：
"The first chamber carries a charge of compressible nitrogen gas, while the second chamber is arranged by suitable valve means to receive and release therefrom, a substantially incompressible hydraulic fluid, such as oil."
therewithin:
"The accumulators 11 accumulate energy by increasing the amount of oil stored within the second chamber so that the movable piston is caused to move to reduce the volume of the first chamber and so compress the gas stored therewithin."
の場合：
"In use, this valve would relive any accumulator pressure when the vehicle is shut down or in the event of a system malfunction."
倒置：
"Along with the reduction in the required displacement of t the engine integrated hydraulic pump/motor unit, comes a reduction in weight."
実現：
"In those circumstances where the engine integrated hybrid hydraulic system is operational over a wider vehicle operational speed range, the resulting greater utilization of the hybrid system generally results in an increased hybrid system performance realization."
ある：
"Engine Starting: with the hydraulic pump/motor unit connected to the vehicle engine, there exists the ability to use the pump/motor to start the engine."
もたらす、供給、得られる：
"the engine driven hydraulic pump/motor unit provides for the possibility of the generating auxiliary hydraulic power."
US4382749
倒置：
1) "For example, in the compressor shown in the '537 patent, an unloader piston disposed in one of the cylinder heads controls the flow of suction gas through a port in a valve plate in which are also located the suction and discharge valves."
2) "Fitted in chamber 40 and having a maximum diameter slightly less than that of the machined bore of chamber 40 is a generally cylindrical-shaped unloading piston 50."
(=In chamber 40 is fitted a piston 50 having a diameter less than that of chamber 40.しかし倒置はＮＣで嫌われることが多かったような気がします。In chamber 40, a piston 50 having a diameter less than that of chamber 40 is fitted.)
3) "Inside hermetic shell 61 and immediately adjacent suction gas port 62 is a shelf 63 and cylindrical sheet metal wall 64 which define a suction fluid reservoir provided to trap refrigerant liquid which may be conveyed into the hermetic shell 61 through suction gas port 62."
代名詞：
"The unloader valve shown in the '883 patent is also located in the cylinder head and is similar is design to that of the '537 patent."
周り、周辺：
1) "In a substantially different design, the '176 patent discloses an annular sleeve circumjacent one of the cylinders, which may be hydraulically actuated to control the flow of suction gas to a suction valve for that cylinder." (=surrounding)
断面：
"FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the four-cylinder compressor taken along section line 2--2 of FIG. 1, and shows details of a cylinder bank in which an unloader valve is disposed."
示す：
"Reference numeral 10 generally denotes a four-cylinder reciprocating compressor, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2."
有する、構成される：
1) "A casing 11 of the compressor 10 comprises cylinder banks 12a and 12b, radially attached to crankcase 13."
2) "Refrigerant vapor passes from the reservoir area formed by shelf 63 and wall 64, through an inlet port comprising an annular space 74 between stator 75 and rotor 76 of electrical motor 14, thereby providing substantial cooling to the motor windings."
駆動回転：
"An electric motor 14 is provided to drivingly rotate the crankshaft 15, the journaled eccentric lobes of which rotate within the bearings at one end of each of connecting rods 16."
取付：
1) "The other ends of connecting rods 16 are pivotably attached to pistons 17, such that rotation of crankshaft 15 causes the pistons 17 to reciprocate within cylinders 18."
2) "A passage 60 is provided in cover plate 47 and valve plate 19 and is fitted with a threaded tubing adaptor 55, for applying gas at discharge pressure to the unloader piston 50."
により、手段：
1) "Valve assembly 20 is attached to valve plate 19 by means of bolts 25."
2) "Electrical solenoid valve 71 is controlled in response to temperature conditioning demand as determined by means external to the compressor and not shown, such as a thermostatic switch."
関係代名詞を使わない修飾：
"An annular cone-shaped metal plate 26 is attached to the internal surface of valve assembly 20, centered in the bore of cylinder 18, by means of bolt 27 and nut 28." (, which is centered)
"At the other end of each cylinder bank 12 is cast a discharge gas passage 45, disposed generally parallel to the cylinder bores 18." (, which is disposed)
反対：
"An annular-shaped passage 48 is formed in the end of crankcase 11 opposite that to which motor 14 is attached"（通路48は、クランクケース11の、モータ14の取付側とは反対の端部内に形成されている）
動作可能：
"The end of chamber 40 adjacent crankcase 11 has a machined lip 51 which is operative to form a seal in conjunction with an abutting end of unloader piston 50."
篏合：
1) "Although unloader piston 50 could be machined to a very close tolerance to sealingly fit within chamber 40"
2) "it has been found more economical to provide piston 50 with a sealing ring 54 inset around its perimeter."（嵌め込み）
作動：
"Unloader piston 50 is normally actuated to seal against lip 51 of unloader port 52, by pressure applied at its opposite end."
whence:
"refrigerant vapor is drawn through unloader port 52 and into unloader chamber 50, from whence it passes into suction gas passages 39 of cylinder bank 12a." （=from which; from whenceのfromは不要らしい）
分かるだろう：
"It will be observed that the cylinder banks 12a and 12b are essentially the same, the difference lying in the inclusion of the unloader piston 50 in cylinder bank 12a, and its exclusion from cylinder bank 12b."（図から）
therein:
"Also, in cylinder bank 12b, passage 60 is blocked with plug 77 which is threaded therein."
US4966010
制御：
1) "The present invention relates to controls for independently adjusting the temperatures in the freezer and fresh food compartments in a refrigerator having an evaporator in the freezer compartment and an evaporator in the fresh food compartment."
2) "It is an object of the present invention to provide a control（＊制御する）for regulating the cooling rates of a refrigerator equipped with a dual evaporator refrigerator system."
3) FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of one embodiment of a dual evaporator two stage refrigerator system with a control for controlling the relative cooling rates of the evaporators in accordance with the present invention;
4) FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of another embodiment of the dual evaporator refrigerator system with a control system in accordance with the present invention;"
5) "A thermostatic control 51 is situated in the freezer compartment 31 and another thermostatic control 53 in the fresh food compartment 41."（制御装置）
関係代名詞：
"A user adjusted control, sets the fixed fraction of the total cold air flow provided by the single evaporator and fan which is to reach the two refrigerator compartments."
whichが係るのはfixed fraction。
実際英訳する場合を考えると、ofを頭に出して処理すれば分かり易いんじゃないかと思います。
「ユーザ制御により、蒸発器の発生した冷気の全流量のうち、2つの冷凍室に届くべき固定割合が設定される」
Of the total amount of flow of cold air provided by the evaporator, the fixed proportion which is to reach the two refrigeration compartments is set by user control.
上がる：
"When the temperature of the fresh food compartment rises above a preset level, the compressor operates allowing the evaporator to supply cold air."
対策：
"To provide separate and distinct narrow temperature ranges of operation in each of a refrigerators two compartments, provisions must be made to adjust the relative cooling rates of the two evaporators in response to changing ambient temperatures and incidental thermal loads."
その順番で：
"The dual evaporator two stage system comprises a first expansion valve 11, a first evaporator 13, a first and second hermetically sealed compressor and motor 15 and 17, respectively, a condenser 21, a second expansion valve 23, and a second evaporator 25, connected together in that order, in series, in a refrigerant flow relationship by conduit 26."
連通：
"The conduit is in flow communication with the upper portion"
配置：
"The evaporator 13 is situated in an evaporator chamber defined by walls 33 of the freezer and a barrier 35."
作動、動作：
"The servovalve 55 upon actuation restricts the flow of refrigerant to approximately half the inlet pressure."
結合、接続：
"Thermostatic control 51 in the freezer compartment is coupled to both hermetically sealed motors 57 and 59 through motor controllers 61 and 63 and to the fans 37 and 47 in both compartments 31 and 41."
現在完了：
"In operation, when the freezer thermostatic control 51 detects that the temperature has risen above a predetermined value"
分詞：
1) "the servovalve 55 is actuated reducing the inlet pressure in the suction line leading to compressor 65."（結果）
2) "The timer 85 when not operating has its output at a low state connected to the other inverting terminal of AND gate 81 enabling AND gate 81 and starting timer 83 which provides a high signal to one inverting input of AND gate 77 disabling AND gate 77 and compressor 65 and fan 37 do not operate.（結果）
絞る：
"In a system using R-12 refrigerant, throttling the nominal 19 psia inlet pressure to 9.5 psia, causes the mass flow through the evaporator 13 in the freezer compartment to decrease by more than 50%, thereby decreasing evaporator 13 cooling rate by more than 50%. This throttling is an irreversible process and is accompanied by a decrease of cooling efficiency."
US5531078
必要性：
"Accordingly, there is a need for a low volume inlet reciprocating compressor suitable for use in a dual evaporator refrigeration cycle."
満たす ：
"The above-mentioned need is met by the present invention which provides"
一端、他端：
"A directed suction muffler can be located in the housing with one end connected to a second inlet in the housing and another end connected to the check valve."
such that, so that:
1) "This arrangement is such that a reciprocating compressor is provided with a low volume inlet without compromising other compressor systems such as lubrication, suspension and directed suction."
2) "The conduit 26 is arranged so that liquid refrigerant cannot enter its open end but vapor refrigerant can."
where, wherein, therein:
1) "Referring to the drawings wherein identical reference numerals denote the same elements throughout the various views,"
2) "The second conduit 62 has a suction muffler apparatus 70 disposed therein through which refrigerant flows."
3) "As before, refrigerant is drawn from the first conduit 56 into the cylinder 44 where it is compressed to the discharge pressure and then fed to the condenser 12"
as used herein:
"As used herein, the term "expansion device" refers to any device, such as an expansion valve, an orifice or a capillary tube, which reduces the pressure of refrigerant passing therethrough."
comrpise:
1) "The phase separator 18 comprises a closed receptacle which receives liquid and gaseous phase refrigerant from the first evaporator 16."
2) "As shown in FIG. 2, the check valve 60 is a conventional ball-type check valve comprising a seat 64, ball 66 and cage 68 arranged so as to prevent refrigerant flow from the first conduit 56 to the second conduit 62"
上述の：
"Valve control is described in more detail in the above-mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 5,228,308, which is herein incorporated by reference."
仮定法：
1) "In a refrigerator, the first evaporator 16 would be arranged to cool the fresh food compartment of the refrigerator and the second evaporator would be arranged to cool the freezer compartment of the refrigerator." （であれば）
2) "As an alternative, the second conduit 62 and the suction muffler 70 can be omitted so that the second inlet 30 does not have directed suction. In this case, refrigerant from the second evaporator 22 would fill the housing 40 and the check valve 60 would simply be in fluid communication with the housing interior."
取付：
1) "A cylinder 44 is formed in the cylinder block 42, and a cylinder head 46 is attached to the cylinder block 42, closing the open end of the cylinder 44."
2) "Alternatively, the first conduit 56 can comprise hard tubing which is mounted to the cylinder head 46 with a flexible fitting such as a rubber grommet."
等：
"As is known in the art, the ports 52,54 are provided with check valves or the like so that refrigerant is admitted into the cylinder 44 through the inlet port 52"
thereby:
"A first conduit 56 extends between the inlet port 52 and the first inlet 28 of the compressor 10, thereby connecting the inlet port 52 to the active valve 24."
therefrom:
"The first conduit 56 can comprise flexible tubing, such as accordion-type tubing, and is sealed to prevent refrigerant leakage therefrom."
により、為：
"By being flexible, the conduit 56 allows for vibration of the cylinder block 42 and reduces noise."
ような、ように：
1) "Such a suction muffler apparatus is well known in the art and needs not be described in further detail."
2) "Like the first conduit 56, the discharge tube 72 is preferably made of flexible tubing to allow for vibration of the cylinder block 42."
