アマゾンが高い

クリスタジェルの詰め替え140回分、アマゾンで4個で2904円。

近所のスーパーで特売でなく１個578円、外税57円で計635円。

アマゾンは時々澄ました顔して高い。

スマホ電池交換

５～６年前に購入したGoogle pixel 3、バッテリーの減りが異常に早くなったのでバッテリー交換をしました。公式費用8800円也。

依頼したのは渋谷にある「スマホ修理工房」。

インバウンド客で溢れる渋谷交差点の角のビルの狭い一角、正直個人情報等の不安もありましたが登録業者だと言うので大丈夫だろうと。

一応９０分で完了しましたが裏カバーにヒビが入ってしまい、受取は３日後。部品交換無料と同時に修理代も割引してくれ、良い対応でした。

革ジャン補修

私の愛するフライトジャケットA2、インナーのアームホールが破れ始めたのでリペア屋で「極簡略的な仕上がりでいいから」と指定して見積もりを取ってもらうと１万円。

ちょっと高いのでアイロン補修シートで自分で補強できるんではないかと思い、やってみると思いのほか上手くいきました。

この商品は本来破れの裏面からアイロン固定するものらしいですが問題ありません。

インナーを袖から少し引っ張り出してなるべく平面にし、シートを適宜切り出し、段ボールを下に置いて手で固定しつつ、少しずつアイロンを当てました。

広げると目立ちますが、普通に置いた状態では大して気になりません。

これであと10年は持つと思います。

このレインボーカントリーのA2は最近古着で購入したもので、袖の日焼け等大分ヤレています。

前所有者は恐らく購入後オイルを入れておらず、そのマットでドライな着古した感じが私の好みでもあるのですが、さすがに乾き過ぎていたので最初全体にサフィールのナッパクリームを極少量塗り、日焼けした袖部分にサフィールのオイルドレザークリームを塗りました。どちらもテカらないマットな仕上がりで良い感じです。ナッパは匂いが甘ったるく動物的で人によっては臭いと感じるでしょうが、１週間もすれば薄れるし、慣れるといい匂いとも思えてきます。オイルドレザークリームはこれまた甘ったるいですがバニラっぽい、素敵な匂いだと思います。

 

使用時間の経過

Translate the following: この装置は、使用時間の経過に伴う機械的摩耗を抑制する。

ChatGPT:

"The device suppresses mechanical wear that occurs over time with use."

あなた:

How about the following?: 1. The device suppresses mechanical wear that occurs with the elapse of use time. 2. The device suppresses mechanical wear that occurs with the elapse of time of use. 3. The device suppresses mechanical wear over time with use. 4. The device suppresses mechanical wear over time of use.

ChatGPT:

Here's a breakdown of your sentences:

1. "The device suppresses mechanical wear that occurs with the elapse of use time."

   • This is understandable, but "elapse of use time" sounds slightly awkward. "Use time" is not a common phrase in this context.

2. "The device suppresses mechanical wear that occurs with the elapse of time of use."

   • Similar to the first sentence, but "elapse of time of use" is a bit more awkward and less natural.

3. "The device suppresses mechanical wear over time with use."

   • This is natural and clear. It effectively conveys the intended meaning.

4. "The device suppresses mechanical wear over time of use."

   • This is mostly clear but slightly less smooth. "Over time of use" could be rephrased for better clarity.

Of these, sentence 3 is the most natural and clear. It effectively conveys the idea that the device reduces mechanical wear as time passes with use.

でありながら

安価でありながら良好な画質を備える表示装置

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

A display device that is low-cost yet provides excellent image quality

あなた:

How about 1. A display device that provides excellent image quality despite being low-cost. 2. A display device that provides excellent image quality although being low-cost. 3. A display device that provides excellent image quality in spite of being low-cost. 4. A display device that is low-cost yet has excellent image quality.

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

All four options are valid, but their tone and style differ slightly. Here's an analysis:

1. A display device that provides excellent image quality despite being low-cost.

   • Pros: Smooth and natural. "Despite" conveys a contrast effectively and is commonly used in both technical and general contexts.
   • Cons: None significant; widely acceptable.

2. A display device that provides excellent image quality although being low-cost.

   • Pros: "Although" introduces the contrast well and sounds slightly formal.
   • Cons: The phrase "although being" might feel slightly less fluid than "despite being" in this context.

3. A display device that provides excellent image quality in spite of being low-cost.

   • Pros: Emphasizes the contrast strongly. "In spite of" is more emphatic than "despite."
   • Cons: May sound a bit more dramatic or formal compared to "despite."

4. A display device that is low-cost yet has excellent image quality.

   • Pros: Concise and balanced. "Yet" conveys the contrast in a straightforward manner.
   • Cons: Slightly less formal than the others, but still appropriate.

Recommendation:

• For conciseness and balance, go with Option 4 ("is low-cost yet has excellent image quality").
• For a more formal tone or in technical writing, Option 1 ("despite being low-cost") is a good choice.
• Use Option 3 ("in spite of being low-cost") if a stronger emphasis on the contrast is needed.

挿通、挿入

この部材は、電線を挿通する孔を有する。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

This member has a hole for inserting an electric wire.

あなた:

How about 1. This member has a hole for passing an electric wire. 2. This member has a hole for passing an electric wire therethrough. 3. This member has a hole through which an electric wire is to be passed.

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

All three options are valid, and the choice depends on the desired tone and level of formality. Here's an analysis:

1. This member has a hole for passing an electric wire.

   • Pros: Simple, clear, and easy to understand.
   • Cons: Slightly less formal and might not emphasize the purpose or function of the hole as strongly as other options.

2. This member has a hole for passing an electric wire therethrough.

   • Pros: Adds a formal tone and precision. "Therethrough" explicitly specifies that the electric wire passes through the hole.
   • Cons: Can sound overly formal or antiquated in modern English, unless used in technical or legal contexts.

3. This member has a hole through which an electric wire is to be passed.

   • Pros: Precise and formal. Clearly indicates that the hole is intended for the purpose of passing the wire.
   • Cons: Slightly wordier and might sound stilted in casual contexts.

Recommendation:

• For general use: Option 1 ("for passing an electric wire") is sufficient and concise.
• For technical or formal documents: Option 3 ("through which an electric wire is to be passed") is the most precise.
• Use Option 2 if a highly formal or traditional tone is required, particularly in legal or patent writing.

あなた:

What is the difference between "pass" and "insert" in the above context?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The difference between "pass" and "insert" in the context of the sentence lies in the nuance of the action and the process being described:

Pass:

• Nuance: Suggests movement of the electric wire through the hole, potentially implying a continuous or complete motion where the wire enters, traverses, and exits the hole.
• Usage: Suitable when describing the action of threading or guiding a wire through a space. It emphasizes the motion of the wire rather than just the act of placing it in the hole.
• Example: "Pass the wire through the hole and pull it out on the other side."

Insert:

• Nuance: Focuses on the initial act of placing or pushing the wire into the hole, often without necessarily implying that the wire exits the other side.
• Usage: Suitable when emphasizing the act of placing the wire into the hole without detailing further movement.
• Example: "Insert the wire into the hole to establish the connection."

In the Given Context:

• "Pass": Implies the hole is designed for the wire to fully traverse it, likely from one side to the other, which matches the typical function of such a hole in an electric component.
• "Insert": Could suggest the hole is simply for placing or starting the wire into the space, potentially leaving its full path ambiguous.

For most technical contexts describing the action of threading a wire through a hole, "pass" is likely the better choice, as it aligns more closely with the expected function of the hole in guiding the wire.

あなた:

What are the Japanese translations for "pass" and "insert"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Here are the Japanese translations and nuances for "pass" and "insert" in the context of the movement of objects, such as an electric wire:

Pass:

• Translation: 通す (とおす) or 挿通する (そうつうする)
• Nuance: Indicates threading or moving something through an opening, typically implying the object enters and exits the other side.
• Example: 電線を穴に通す (Pass the electric wire through the hole).
  • 挿通する is more formal and technical, often used in patents or technical documents.

Insert:

• Translation: 挿入する (そうにゅうする)
• Nuance: Focuses on placing or pushing something into an opening, without necessarily implying that it goes through and exits the other side.
• Example: 電線を穴に挿入する (Insert the electric wire into the hole).

Key Difference:

• 通す / 挿通する: Suggests movement through the hole (entering and exiting).
• 挿入する: Focuses on placing or pushing the object into the hole (entry only, no emphasis on exit).

The choice depends on the intended meaning and the level of formality required in the text.

揺動

アクチュエータは軸の周りにカム部を揺動させる。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The actuator oscillates the cam portion around the axis.

あなた:

アクチュエータは軸の周りに反射部を揺動させる。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The actuator oscillates the reflective portion around the axis.

あなた:

How about 1. The actuator swings the reflective portion around the axis. 2. The actuator pivotally moves the reflective portion around the axis. 3. The actuator causes the reflective portion to swing around the axis. 4. The actuator causes the reflective portion to oscillate around the axis. 5. The actuator causes the reflective portion to pivot around the axis. 6. The actuator causes the reflective portion to pivotally move around the axis.

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Each of these options is grammatically correct, but the best choice depends on the intended nuance. Here's a breakdown:

1. The actuator swings the reflective portion around the axis.

   • Pros: Simple and direct. "Swing" suggests a smooth motion.
   • Cons: May imply a larger or more unrestricted movement, which might not align with "揺動" if the motion is more controlled.

2. The actuator pivotally moves the reflective portion around the axis.

   • Pros: Technical and precise. "Pivotally moves" emphasizes movement specifically around a fixed point (the axis).
   • Cons: Slightly verbose; might sound overly technical for general contexts.

3. The actuator causes the reflective portion to swing around the axis.

   • Pros: Adds causation explicitly. "Swing" again implies a potentially larger motion.
   • Cons: Could imply the actuator has less direct control over the motion.

4. The actuator causes the reflective portion to oscillate around the axis.

   • Pros: "Oscillate" implies a repetitive or back-and-forth motion, closely matching "揺動" in many contexts.
   • Cons: Could sound overly scientific in less technical writing.

5. The actuator causes the reflective portion to pivot around the axis.

   • Pros: Clear and concise. "Pivot" conveys controlled rotation or tilting around a fixed axis.
   • Cons: Slightly less common phrasing than "oscillate" for repetitive motion.

6. The actuator causes the reflective portion to pivotally move around the axis.

   • Pros: Combines causation and technical precision.
   • Cons: Verbose and potentially redundant, as "pivotally" and "around the axis" convey similar ideas.

Recommendation:

• If the motion is repetitive or back-and-forth, Option 4 ("oscillate") is the most precise.
• If the motion is more general or involves tilting/rotating without repetitive emphasis, Option 5 ("pivot") is concise and clear.
• For a balance of technical precision and readability, Option 2 ("pivotally moves") works well.

脱炭焼鈍

US2024249863(JFE STEEL CORP [JP])
It is preferable to perform the first half of holding in the decarburization annealing under a wet atmosphere in the temperature range and dew point conditions described above,
【００４２】
  また、脱炭焼鈍の保定前半を前述の温度域および露点条件の湿潤雰囲気下で行い、

and the second half of holding in the decarburization annealing under a dry atmosphere in the temperature range from 800° C. and 900° C. with a dew point of −50° C. or higher and 30° C. or lower.
脱炭焼鈍の保定後半を８００℃以上９００℃以下の温度域で露点が－５０℃以上３０℃以下の乾燥雰囲気下で行うことが、

The reason is that this setup causes reduction of sub-scale on the outermost surface layer, which is advantageous for formation of a forsterite film in the final annealing.
極表層のサブスケールが還元され、仕上焼鈍でのフォルステライト被膜形成が有利となるので好ましい。

Then, an annealing separator is applied to the front and back surfaces of the decarburization-annealed sheet before performing final annealing.
【００４３】
  次いで、脱炭焼鈍板の表裏両面に焼鈍分離剤を塗布した後、仕上焼鈍を施す。

The annealing separator may be a known annealing separator.
焼鈍分離剤としては公知の焼鈍分離剤を用いることができる。

In particular, it is preferable that an annealing separator that is mainly composed of MgO be applied to the surfaces of the decarburization-annealed sheet at a weight of at least 2.5 g/m2 per surface.
特に、ＭｇＯを主体とする焼鈍分離剤を、脱炭焼鈍板の表面に片面当たり２．５ｇ／ｍ^２以上塗布することが好ましい。

As used herein, the phrase “mainly composed of MgO” means that the MgO content in the annealing separator is 60% or more in terms of solid content.
ここで、ＭｇＯを主体とするとは、焼鈍分離剤中におけるＭｇＯの含有量が、固形分換算で６０％以上であることを意味する。

The content of MgO in the annealing separator is preferably 80% or more in terms of solid content.
焼鈍分離剤中におけるＭｇＯの含有量は、好ましくは固形分換算で８０％以上である。

The method of applying the annealing separator to the surface of the decarburization-annealed sheet is not limited, and any known methods may be followed.
焼鈍分離剤を脱炭焼鈍板の表面に塗布する方法は、特に限定されず、公知の方法によればよい。

For example, the annealing separator may be applied to the surface of the decarburization-annealed sheet in slurry form, or in dry form by electrostatic coating.
例えば、焼鈍分離剤は、スラリー状で脱炭焼鈍板の表面に塗布されるほか、静電塗装により乾式塗布され得る。

During application of the annealing separator in slurry form, the the annealing separator in slurry form is preferably held at a constant temperature to prevent viscosity increase. The constant temperature is preferably 5° C. or higher. The constant temperature is preferably 30° C. or lower.
スラリー状の焼鈍分離剤を塗布する際は、粘度上昇を抑制するために、スラリー状の焼鈍分離剤は５℃以上３０℃以下の一定温度で保持されることが好ましい。

 In order to maintain a constant concentration of the slurry, the annealing separator in slurry form is preferably separated into two tanks, one for preparation and the other for application.
また、スラリー濃度を均一化するために、スラリー状の焼鈍分離剤について、調合用のタンクと、塗布に供するタンクとを分けることが好ましい。

US2024247333(JFE STEEL CORP [JP])
[0128] It is generally known that the optimum conditions for final annealing vary depending on the quality of the internal oxidation film formed by decarburization annealing.
【００７９】
  ここで、脱炭焼鈍で形成される内部酸化膜の品質に応じて、仕上げ焼鈍の最適条件は変化することが一般的に知られている。

For example, in a decarburization annealed sheet in which a large amount of Fe oxide is formed in the internal oxidation film, the Fe oxide decomposes during final annealing and generates oxygen content, which adversely affects the film.
例えば内部酸化膜中にＦｅ酸化物が多量に生成している脱炭焼鈍板では、仕上げ焼鈍中にこのＦｅ酸化物が分解して酸素分を発生させて、被膜に悪影響を及ぼす。

For this reason, lowering the introduction temperature of H2 in the annealing atmosphere is effective in reducing Fe oxides before they decompose.
そのために、焼鈍雰囲気のＨ_２の導入温度を低くして、Ｆｅ酸化物が分解する前にＦｅ酸化物を還元させることが有効となる。

In contrast, under conditions where little Fe oxide is formed, the amount of internal oxidation film is small and there is little forsterite material.
これに対し、Ｆｅ酸化物がほとんど生成していない条件では、内部酸化膜の量が少なく、フォルステライトの原料が少ない。

Therefore, it is necessary to supply oxygen components to the film material through oxidation during final annealing by increasing the temperature at which H2 is introduced during final annealing.
そのため、仕上げ焼鈍時のＨ_２の導入温度を高めにすることで、仕上げ焼鈍中の酸化により被膜原料に酸素成分を補給する必要がある。

により：因果関係か、プロセスか？

室内の温度は、換気装置の通電により低下する。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The indoor temperature decreases through the energization of the ventilation device.

あなた:

How about "due to" instead of "through"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Using "due to" instead of "through" is perfectly fine and emphasizes causation rather than the process. The revised sentence would be:

"The indoor temperature decreases due to the energization of the ventilation device."

This phrasing highlights that the energization of the ventilation device is the cause of the temperature decrease. Both options work, but the choice depends on whether you want to focus on the mechanism (through) or the cause (due to).

実現：realize, implement, obtain, achieve, provide

本発明は、室内の温度が所定の最低温度よりも低くなるのを抑制可能な温度制御装置の実現を目的とする。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The present invention aims to provide a temperature control device capable of preventing the indoor temperature from falling below a predetermined minimum temperature.

あなた:

How about "implement", "obtain", "realize", or "achieve" instead of "provide"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Each of these alternatives—"implement," "obtain," "realize," or "achieve"—has slightly different nuances, so the best choice depends on the intended emphasis:

1. Implement: Suggests putting the device into practical use or operation.

   • Example: "The present invention aims to implement a temperature control device capable of preventing the indoor temperature from falling below a predetermined minimum temperature."
   • Suitable if the focus is on applying or deploying the device.

2. Obtain: Implies acquiring or producing the device as a result of the invention.

   • Example: "The present invention aims to obtain a temperature control device capable of preventing the indoor temperature from falling below a predetermined minimum temperature."
   • Less common and may sound awkward in this context.

3. Realize: Suggests bringing the concept of the device into existence.

   • Example: "The present invention aims to realize a temperature control device capable of preventing the indoor temperature from falling below a predetermined minimum temperature."
   • Suitable for emphasizing the invention's role in making the device a reality.

4. Achieve: Focuses on the outcome or goal of the invention.

   • Example: "The present invention aims to achieve a temperature control device capable of preventing the indoor temperature from falling below a predetermined minimum temperature."
   • Suitable if emphasizing success in reaching a specific goal.

While "provide" is the most common and neutral choice in patent language, "realize" or "achieve" can also work well if you want to emphasize the innovative aspect or the fulfillment of the goal. "Implement" could fit if the focus is on practical application, but "obtain" feels less appropriate here.

布押え

US11807966(BROTHER IND LTD [JP])
A user attaches the desired presser foot and then sews the objects to be sewn.
ユーザは、所望の押え足を装着して被縫製物を縫製する。

The presser foot 5 is used when sewing a zigzag stitch.
押え足５は、ジグザク縫いを行う場合に用いられる。

Although not shown in the drawings, there are also other presser feet such as a presser foot that has been surface treated on the cloth pressing surface thereof in order to reduce friction with the object to be sewn, and a presser foot made of transparent resin to make it easier to see the needle drop position of the sewing needle 23 .
図示しないが、被縫製物との摩擦を小さくする為に布押え面に表面加工を施した押え足、縫針２３の針落ち位置をより視認し易くする為に透明樹脂で形成した押え足等がある。

Hereinafter, the structure of the upper feed device 2 will be described using a case in which the presser foot 5 is mounted to a main body portion 3 as an example.
以下、本体部３に押え足５が装着された場合を例に上送り装置２の構成を説明する。

 

左右

左右

日本人は気にしてるけどネイティブはあまり気にしない文法ミス6選

 

Is it generally more conventional or customary to say "right and left" rather than "left and right"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

In English, it is generally more conventional and customary to say "left and right" rather than "right and left", especially in informal speech and writing. However, there are exceptions:

1. "Left and right":

   • Common in everyday usage.
   • Often reflects the natural order when describing directions or positions, as people tend to think from left to right, similar to reading in English.

2. "Right and left":

   • May be used in formal or specific contexts, such as legal or technical language, or when "right" has a particular priority (e.g., emphasizing the right-hand side in certain standards or conventions).
   • Sometimes seen in fixed phrases or idiomatic expressions.

If you're working in a technical or formal context (like a patent or instruction manual), it's a good idea to follow the style used in similar documents. In casual contexts, "left and right" is more intuitive for most readers.

Would you like guidance for a specific application?

組み付け

車両に組み付けられた車載装置

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

An onboard device mounted on the vehicle.

Alternatively:
A vehicle-mounted onboard device.

Let me know if you'd like any refinements or alternative suggestions!

あなた:

How about 1. An onboard device assembled to the vehicle. 2. An onboard device assembled onto the vehicle. 3. An onboard device assembled in the vehicle. 4. An onboard device mounted in the vehicle. 5. An onboard device attached to the vehicle. 6. An onboard device attached in the vehicle. 7. An onboard device mounted to the vehicle.

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Here’s an evaluation of your options in terms of precision and natural usage:

1. An onboard device assembled to the vehicle.

   • This is grammatically correct but somewhat unusual phrasing. "Assembled to" is less common than "assembled on" or "assembled into."

2. An onboard device assembled onto the vehicle.

   • This works, but "onto" emphasizes the idea of being placed on the exterior of the vehicle, which might not align with typical "onboard device" usage (usually internal).

3. An onboard device assembled in the vehicle.

   • Correct and clear, emphasizing the device is inside the vehicle. Suitable for internal onboard systems.

4. An onboard device mounted in the vehicle.

   • This works well, especially if the device is securely installed inside the vehicle. "Mounted" implies a more permanent installation.

5. An onboard device attached to the vehicle.

   • Correct and versatile. "Attached to" suggests a general attachment to the vehicle, possibly external or internal.

6. An onboard device attached in the vehicle.

   • Slightly less common than "mounted in" but still works if the device is inside the vehicle.

7. An onboard device mounted to the vehicle.

   • Acceptable but slightly less natural than "mounted on" or "mounted in," as "to" doesn't strongly specify the attachment location.

Recommendations:

• For general, versatile usage: "An onboard device attached to the vehicle."
• For internal systems: "An onboard device mounted in the vehicle."
• For external systems: "An onboard device mounted onto the vehicle."

Would you like to refine further based on specific context?

被嵌合部

このコネクタは、被嵌合部と、被嵌合部に嵌合する嵌合部を有する。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

This connector includes a mating portion and a fitting portion that mates with the mating portion.

Let me know if you’d like a different phrasing!

あなた:

How about "This connector includes a fitted portion and a fitting portion that fits with the fitted portion"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Your phrasing, "This connector includes a fitted portion and a fitting portion that fits with the fitted portion", is grammatically correct, but it might sound slightly repetitive or awkward because "fitted" and "fitting" are very similar in sound and meaning.

If you want to keep a clear distinction while maintaining readability, you could consider something like this:
"This connector includes a fitted portion and a fitting portion that engages with the fitted portion."

This avoids overusing "fit" while still conveying the intended relationship. Would you prefer this, or should we stick closer to your original phrasing?

面積平均粒径

US6759487(DOW CORNING [US])
 As used herein, "average particle size"
本明細書で用いる場合、「平均粒径」とは、

means area average particle size that is typically determined by evaluating a representative sample of the composition by microscopic techniques for the average area of the internal silicone elastomer particles. 
一般に、内部シリコーンエラストマー粒子の平均面積に関して、顕微鏡的技法で組成物の代表サンプルを評価することによって普通決定される面積平均粒径を意味する。

US2023037508(MITSUI MINING & SMELTING CO LTD [JP])

【００１９】
＜ＣＳ値＞

Regarding a powder, the CS value of the powder means a surface area per unit volume of the powder calculated on the assumption that each of the particles constituting the powder has a spherical shape. The unit is m2 /cm3 . 
ある粉末に関し、当該粉末のＣＳ値は、当該粉末を構成する粒子の形状を球形と仮定した場合の、当該粉末の単位体積あたりの表面積であり、単位はｍ^２／ｃｍ^３である。

The CS value of the powder is calculated from the following formula: CS value (m2 /cm3 )=6/MA, based on a volume-based particle size distribution of the powder measured by a laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution measurement method.
粉末のＣＳ値は、レーザー回折散乱式粒度分布測定法によって測定される当該粉末の体積基準の粒度分布に基づいて、次式：ＣＳ値（ｍ^２／ｃｍ^３）＝６／ＭＡから求められる。

In the above formula, MA represents an area average particle size (μm), and is obtained from the formula: MA (μm)=ΣVi/Σ(Vi/di), wherein Vi represents a frequency and di represents a median value in a particle size class.
なお、ＭＡは、面積平均粒径（μｍ）であり、次式：ＭＡ（μｍ）＝ΣＶｉ／Σ（Ｖｉ／ｄｉ）［式中、Ｖｉは頻度、ｄｉは粒度区分の中央値である。］から求められる。