昔の私と、今の私

 

神を信じる前の間違った生き方・考えかたと、今のクリスチャンである主にある正しい生き方とを比べてみた

 

外面の物質的なことから考える--------------------	心の奥底の霊から変えられていく
競争主義・勝利主義・見栄・お金-----------------	必要も導きも与えられる。質素な生活で
健康第一・天災 人災 病気を恐れる----------------	いつ召されても天国。祝福、平安の中にいる
感謝の言葉が言っていても、浅くて一時的-------	心の内に感謝の源があり、感謝があふれる
神のことばを否定して感情的----------------------	みことばを聞いて信頼して、導きを得る
今、喜びがない、不安・恐れがある----------------------	今も、これからも、喜び感謝し続ける
全部自分の知恵と力で利得・安心を得ようと頑張って疲れる------------------------------------------	神の御用に、他の人の必要に仕える。問題は神の教え、導き、守りに全面的に委ねる

バイブルプロジェクト・ヨシュア記

「聖絶しなくてはならない」と神が言われる言葉は、誇張表現であって、そのとおりに受け止めなくても良いことがわかって、嬉しいです　
5:24～ 7:23

5:24

次に神は本当にすべてのカナン 人を虐殺せよと命じたのかという疑問が出てきます

一見すると完全に滅ぼせ一人も残さなかった 息ある者を聖絶といった言葉づかいが目につきます

しかし熟読するとこれらは誇張表現で 文字通りの意味ではないことがわかります

ここでカナン人についての命令を最初に書いている 申命記7章を見てみましょう

 

イスラエルはまずカナン人を追い 出すように命じられています

ところが次に完全に滅ぼせと言われ そのあとに彼らと結婚するなとか 彼らと商売をするな とか言われているのです

滅ぼし尽くした相手とは結婚は できませんもうおわかりでしょう

 

同じことがヨシュア記でも言え ます

例えば10章ではイスラエルがへブロンやデビル の町の人々を一人残らず殺したと書いてあります が

15章を見るとこの二つの町はまだ 存在しカナン人が住んでいます

 

このことからヨシュアは 物語を語る手法として誇張表現を使いながら 中近東の戦の物語に出てくる常套句を用いて 書いていることがわかります

つまりここに書かれているのは 文字通りの皆殺しではないのです

 

それにラハブやギブオン人のように イスラエルの神についたカナン人の話を思い起こせば 神が彼らの回心を歓迎しておられることがわかります

 

最後にここに記されている出来事は イスラエルの歴史において特殊な期間であることを 覚えておきましょう

戦った相手はカナンの中でも一 握りの国々です

ほかの多くの国々とは 和平のための努力をするようにと神から命じられていることが 申命記20章を読むとわかります

 

ですからこれらの戦いの記録が 記されている目的は断じて神の名のもとに暴力に走る ことではありません

むしろこれらの記録からは歴史 の中で特定の期間人間の邪悪さに対して神が正義 を行使されたことと

イスラエルがカナン人に滅ぼされない ように守られたことがわかるのです

それでは話を元に戻しましょう

 

 

 

 

0:03

The book of Joshua.

 

0:03

The book of Joshua.

0:04

Let's back up and remember the story so far,

0:06

So God chose Abraham and then his family became the people of Israel,

0:11

who are then enslaved down in Egypt.

0:14

So through Moses, God rescued Israel out of Egypt,

0:17

he made a covenant with them at Mount Sinai

0:19

and he brought them through the wilderness.

0:22

So Israel then camped outside the promised land

0:25

and Moses called them to obey God’s commands

0:28

so that they could show all the other nations what God is like.

0:32

The book of Joshua picks up right after Moses has died

0:36

and Israel is ready to enter the land.

0:38

So the story of Joshua is designed with four main movements.

0:42

Joshua first leads Israel into the promised land,

0:45

and then once they are there, they meet all this hostility from the Canaanites　敵意

0:48

and so they engage them in battle, 召し抱える

0:50

then after their victory Joshua divides up the promised land

0:54

as the inheritance for the twelve tribes

0:55

and then the book concludes with these final speeches that Joshua gives to the people.

1:01

So let’s dive in and we will see how all of it flows together.

1:04

The first section begins with Moses’ death

1:06

and Joshua is appointed as Israel’s new leader,

1:09

and the author intentionally presents Joshua as a new Moses, 意図的に

1:14

so like Moses, Joshua calls the people to obey the Torah,

1:17

which means the covenant commands that they were given at Mount Sinai,

1:21

and then Joshua sends spies into the land

1:24

just as Moses did back in Numbers chapters 13 and 14

1:27

except it goes way better this time.

1:29

In fact, some Canaanites turn and follow the God of Israel,

1:33

Joshua then leads all Israel across the Jordan river and into the land.

1:37

Just like the sea parted for Moses in the Exodus

1:41

so here the river Jordan parts

1:43

and the priests carry the Ark of the Covenant across

1:46

leading all Israel with them.

1:48

Now, in chapter 5 the story transitions,遷移

1:51

so the people look back to their roots as God’s covenant people

1:55

and so the new generation is circumcised

1:58

and they celebrate their first Passover in the land.

2:00

But then, they turn prepared to go forward

2:03

and Joshua has this crazy encounter with a mysterious warrior, 出会い

2:08

who, it turns out is the angelic commander of God’s army, 判明

2:11

and Joshua asks, “Are you for us? Or are you for our enemies?”

2:15

The warrior responds, “Neither.”

2:18

Which shows that the real question here

2:21

is whether Joshua is on God’s side.

2:23

It makes clear that this whole story is not about Israel versus the Canaanites,

2:28

rather this is God’s battle,

2:30

and Israel is going to play the role of spectators or sometimes supporters in God’s plan.役割　観衆

2:36

Which leads to the next section.

2:38

We find stories about all these conflicts that Israel has with different Canaanite groups,競合

2:42

and the first part retells the story of two battles in detail

2:46

and that is followed by a series of short stories

2:49

that condense years of battles into a few brief summaries.　 凝縮する

2:53

So the first two battles are against Jericho and then Ai,

2:57

and they offer these contrasting portraits of God’s faithfulness versus Israel’s failure.肖像 画　　 失敗

3:04

At Jericho, Israel is to take a completely passive approach,　 受け身

3:08

so they let God’s presence in the Ark lead them around the city to music for six days

3:14

and just like Rahab turned to the God of Israel

3:16

maybe the people of Jericho would do the same, but they don't,

3:20

and so on the seventh day the priests blow the trumpets

3:24

and the walls come falling down leading Israel to victory.

3:28

The point of the story is that God is the one who will deliver his people;

3:33

Israel simply needs to trust and wait.

3:35

Now the next story, of the battle of Ai makes the opposite point.

3:39

So there is this Israelite named Achan,

3:41

and he steals from Jericho some of the devoted goods that were to belong to God alone捧げる

3:47

and then he lies about it.

3:48

It’s a pretty lame move after all that God has done for Israel, 跛　まずい　下手

3:51

and so Israel goes into battle with the city of Ai

3:54

and they are totally defeated, 敗れる

3:56

and it’s only after humble repentance

3:59

and severely dealing with Achan’s sin that Israel gains victory.　　 厳しく 　処分

4:04

And so together these two stories are placed right up front to make an important point. 前もって 前もって 前もって

4:10

If Israel is going to inherit the land,

4:13

they have to be obedient and trust in God’s commands.

4:16

They don’t get special treatment.

4:18

Now the second part of the section begins with the Gibeonites, a Canaanite people groupギブオン人

4:23

and they do just as Rahab did as they turn to follow the God of Israel

4:27

and they make peace with Israel.

4:29

This is in contrast to all these other Canaanite kings それに対して

4:32

who start to form alliances and coalitions and they want to destroy Israel. 提携アライアンス　 連合

4:36

So Israel engages them in battle and they win by a land slide. 召し抱える

4:40

So this whole section concludes with this summary list

4:44

of all of these victories won by Moses and then by Joshua.

4:47

Now, let’s stop for a second because odds are勝ち目

4:50

that these stories and the violence in them, they are going to bother you,

4:54

and if you are a follower of Jesus, you’re bound to wonder, like, 不思議に思う

4:57

didn’t Jesus said to love your enemies?

4:59

Why is God declaring war here? 宣言

5:03

So first, why the Canaanites?

5:05

The main reasons are actually given earlier in the biblical story

5:09

is that the culture of the Canaanites had become extremely morally corrupt,

5:14

especially when it comes to sex,

5:15

go check out Leviticus chapter 18,

5:18

and they also widely practiced child sacrifice, 広く実践されている

5:21

go see Deuteronomy chapter 12,

5:23

and so God didn’t want these practices to influence Israel,

5:27

the Canaanites had to go.

5:29

Which raises the second question.

5:31

Did God actually command the destruction of all the Canaanites, like a genocide?　集団虐殺

5:36

So at first glance, you know, you look at the phrases used in these stories.

5:40

They “totally destroyed them”, they “left no survivor or anything that breathed”, 吸い込んだ

5:44

but when you look a second time more closely,

5:47

you’ll see that these phrases are clearly hyperbole and not literal.　ハイパーブリー誇張　　リテラル 文字どおり

5:52

So go back to the original command about the Canaanites in Deuteronomy chapter 7.

5:57

Israel is first told to drive out the Canaanites,

6:00

but then to totally destroy them

6:02

and then that is followed by commands to not intermarry with them 結婚

6:06

or enter into business deals with them. ビジネス取引

6:08

So you can’t marry someone that you’ve destroyed.

6:11

I think you get the point.

6:13

The same idea applies to the stories in Joshua, look closely.

6:17

So for example, we’re told in Joshua chapter 10だから例えば

6:19

that Israel left no survivors in the cities of Hebron or Debir, 生存 者 　ヘブロン　デビル

6:24

but then later in chapter 15 we see these towns

6:27

and they’re still populated by Canaanites,　 設定　住民のいる　

6:29

and so what we’re seeing is that Joshua fits in with other ancient battle accounts　感情・記述　

6:34

by using non-literal hyperbolic language as part of the narrative style.　文字どおりでない　誇大な　物語

6:39

And so the word genocide doesn’t actually fit what we see here.

6:43

Especially in light of the stories about the Canaanites who did turn to the God of Israel,

6:48

like Rahab or the Gibeonites, God was open to those who would turn to him.　ギブオン

6:52

The last thing to think about is that these stories mark a unique moment in Israel’s history.

6:57

These battles were limited to the handful of people groups living in the land of Canaan.一握り

7:03

With all other nations, Israel was commanded by God to pursue peace, パーシュー追う

7:08

go read Deuteronomy chapter 20.

7:10

So the purpose of these battle stories was never to tell you, the reader,

7:14

to go commit violence in God’s name.

7:16

Rather, they show God bringing his justice

7:19

on human evil at a unique moment in history,

7:22

and how he delivered Israel from being annihilated by the Canaanites.アナイアリティド 全滅

7:26

Now, let’s go back to the book’s design.

7:29

After years of battles we see an aging Joshua

7:32

and he starts dividing up the land for the twelve tribes of Israel,

7:36

and most of this section is like lists of boundary lines,境界

7:39

and let us be honest, it’s kind of boring.

7:41

It’s like reading a map that has no pictures.

7:44

But for the Israelites these lists were super important.

7:48

This was the fulfillment of God’s ancient promises to Abraham　成就-実現

7:51

that his descendants would inherit the promised land.

7:54

. And so now it was all coming to pass right down to the detail,

7:58

which leads to the final section.

8:00

Joshua gives two speeches to the people

8:02

they’re very similar to the final speeches of Moses in Deuteronomy.

8:06

Joshua reminds them of God’s generosity, 寛大さ

8:09

how he brought them into the land and rescued them from the Canaanites.

8:12

And so, he calls them to turn away from the Canaanite gods

8:15

and be faithful to the covenant they made.

8:18

If they do, it will lead to life and blessing in the land,

8:22

but if they’re unfaithful,

8:24

Israel will call down on itself the same divine judgement that the Canaanites experienced.神の裁き

8:30

They’ll be kicked off the land into exile, 亡命・流浪

8:32

and so Joshua leaves Israel with a choice.

8:35

What is Israel going to do?

8:37

That’s the big question that looms as the story ends.ぼんやり現れる　気味悪く迫る

8:41

And that’s the book of Joshua.

英語

Old Testament

BibleProject

9/41

 

バイブルプロジェクト出エジプト記2 英語

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

バイブルプロジェクト 出エジプト記

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

バイブルプロジェクト 創世記１４分15秒の後

4:15

From here, the story then spirals downward. Chapters 3-11, they trace the widening ripple effect　　　波紋・波及　　

4:21

of the rebellion and of human relationships fracturing at every level.　　破砕

4:26

So there's the story of two brothers, Cain and Abel. Cain is so jealous of his brother that he wants to murder him.

4:32

And God warns him not to give in to the temptation but he does anyway. He murders him in the field.

4:37

So Cain then goes on to build a city where violence and oppression reign. And this is all epitomized in this story　　弾圧・抑圧　　象徴

4:44

of Lamech. He's the first man in the Bible to have more than one wife. He's accumulating them like property.蓄積・ためる

4:50

And then he goes on to sing a short song about how he's more violent and vengeful than Cain ever was.　激しい・凶悪　　報復・復讐

4:57

After this we get an odd story about the "sons of God, " which could refer to evil, angelic beings,　言い及ぶ　　天使

5:04　

or it could refer to ancient kings who claimed that they descended from the gods.　古い　主張　　降りて　

5:10

And like Lamech, they acquired as many wives as they wanted and they produced the Nephilim, these great warriors of old.　取得・買収　戦士

5:17

Whichever view is right, the point is that humans are building kingdoms that fill God's world with violence and even more corruption.　堕落・不正

5:25

In response, we are told that God is broken with grief, humanity is ruining his good world and they're ruining each other.　台無し

5:32

And so out of a passion to protect the goodness of his world, he washes it clean of humanity's evil with a great flood.

5:39

But he protects one blameless human--Noah, and his family. And he commissions him as a new Adam.

5:46

He repeats the divine blessing and commissions him to go out into the world. And so our hopes are really high　神聖

5:52

but then Noah fails too. and also in a garden. He goes and he plants a vineyard and he gets drunk out of his mind.

5:59

And then one of his sons, Ham, does something shameful to his father in the tent. And so, here we have our new "adam," naked and ashamed,

6:08

just like the first. And the downward spiral begins again. It all leads to the foundation of the city of Babylon.

6:15

The people of ancient Mesopotamia, they come together around this new technology they have--the brick.　レンガ

6:21

And they can make cities and towers bigger and faster than anybody's ever done before. And they want to build

6:26

a new kind of tower that will reach up to the gods and they will make a great name for themselves.

6:32

It's an image of human rebellion and arrogance. It's the garden rebellion now writ large.　反乱・反逆　　　傲慢・横柄

6:39

And so God humbles their pride and scatters them. Now this is a diverse group of stories but you can see　異・反乱

6:47

they're all exploring the same basic point: God keeps giving humans the chance to do the right thing　探る

6:54

with his world and humans keep ruining it. These stories are making a claim that we live in a good world that we have turned bad--

7:03

that we've all chosen to define good and evil for ourselves and so we all contribute　定義　　貢献・寄与

7:08

to this world of broken relationships, leading to conflict, and violence, and ultimately death.　葛藤・紛争　　最終的・つまるところ

7:15

But there's hope. God promised that one day a descendant would come--

7:20

the wounded victor who will defeat evil at its source. And so despite humanity's evil, God is determined to bless and rescue his world.　倒す　　その源で

7:29

And so the big question is, of course, "What is God going to do?" And the next story, the hinge, offers the answer.蝶番・要

7:36

But for now, that's what Genesis 1-11 is all about.

 

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