WO9946047(特表2002-505866)
"82. A method of determining the size of a genome（ゲノム）of a microorganism in a biological sample,
wherein said method comprises the steps of :
(a) concentrating said microorganism by the method of claim 11, to produce
concentrated microorganism;
(b) extracting said genome（ゲノムを抽出）from said concentrated microorganism to produce extracted
nucleic acid;
(c) immobilizing said extracted nucleic acid on a solid support;
(d) staining said extracted nucleic acid; and
(e) electronically imaging said extracted and stained nucleic acid on said solid support
using an epifluorescence microscope, and
(f) measuring the length of individual nucleic acid molecules.
WO2014193716(特表2016-520311)
"Nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions（画分）were separated with Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Extraction Reagents kit (Thermo Scientific) according to manufacturer instruction. Viral genome was extracted（ウイルスゲノムを抽出）and detected by qPCR analysis with the CBA specific primers described above. The difference in amount of viral genome between cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions was determined by the following rule: CTvalues for each sample from cells treated with virus were normalized to corresponding CTfrom mock treated cells (ACT)."
WO2014099931(特表2016-508133)
"[00234] In a specific embodiment, a chimeric influenza hemagglutinin (HA) polypeptide described herein may be incorporated into a virosome. A virosome containing a chimeric influenza hemagglutinin (HA) polypeptide described herein may be produced using techniques known to those skilled in the art. For example, a virosome may be produced by disrupting a purified virus, extracting the genome（ゲノムを抽出）, and reassembling particles with the viral proteins (e.g., a chimeric influenza hemagglutinin (HA) polypeptide described herein) and lipids to form lipid particles containing viral proteins."
WO2005042717(特表2007-510414)
"Therefore, the identification of prokineticin receptor modulating drugs is expected to provide（提供することが期待されている）relief to individuals suffering from a variety of conditions"
WO2016032947(特表2017-525375)
"Due to this assay's sensitivity, it permits detecting mutations in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). ctDNAs are often found in very limited amounts in the blood, urine, and CSF of cancer patients, but hold the promise of being used as（として使用されることが期待されている）a "liquid biopsy," through which patients can be diagnosed without surgical intervention. Tumor recurrence or drug resistance development can be monitored by examining these body fluids. The assay is not limited to using body fluids, however, and can similarly be used on more traditional tissue and biopsy samples."
WO2015143271(特表2017-511152)
"Bi-specific antigen binding polypeptides, such as antibodies and antibody-like molecules, hold great promise as therapeutics（治療薬として大いに期待されている）due their ability to target multiple antigens simultaneously. However, manufacturing of these molecules is a challenge. In the case of bi- specific antibodies, mis-pairing in both heavy and light chains often occurs during production, which reduces the yield of the bi-specific antibodies and makes purification challenging.
To overcome the problems associated with（関する課題を解決するために）manufacturing of bi-specific antibodies, complex engineering in the antibody constant or variable regions has been attempted."
WO2012082268(特表2013-545139)
" [0007] Important technology for ICF is being developed primarily at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), assignee of this invention, in Livermore, California. There, a laser-based ICF project designed to achieve thermonuclear fusion ignition and burn utilizes laser energies of 1 to 2 MJ. Fusion yields of the order of 10 to 20 MJ are expected（期待されている）."
WO2012106548(特表2014-506501)
"[0009] Aside from the risks and side effects associated with the above described therapies, such treatments are not always effective in treating the movement disorder. Therefore, improved therapies with higher effectiveness and lower side effects are desired（治療方法が期待されている）. At least some of these objectives will be met by the following invention."
WO2014031997(特表2015-527588)
"1. A device for the multiplexed detection of a plurality of compounds from single cells（単一細胞由来の複数の化合物）comprising:
a microwell array comprising a plurality of individual microwells in uniform
arrangement, at least some of the plurality of individual microwells having a length of greater than 50μιη and configured to contain an isolated single cell in a sub-nanoliter volume of contents; and
a capture agent array comprising a plurality of immobilized capture agents, each immobilized capture agent capable of specifically binding to one of the plurality of compounds, where the immobilized capture agents are arranged in uniform capture agent sets, wherein each capture agent set comprises a plurality of isolated features at spatially identifiable locations, each isolated feature comprising at least one immobilized capture agent; wherein the microwell array and capture agent array are coupled to form a
plurality of enclosed interfaces, each enclosed interface comprising a microwell and a capture agent set such that the contents of each microwell are accessible to all of the isolated features of at least one set, thereby accessible to all of the immobilized capture agents.
WO2011139274(特表2013-525810)
"18. The method of claim 17, wherein the indicator comprises intracellular metabolites from a single cell（単一細胞由来の）."
WO2013188872(特表2015-519911)
"1. A method comprising:
a) sequestering single cells（単一細胞）and an mRNA capture agent into individual compartments;
b) lysing the cells and collecting mRNA transcripts with the mRNA capture agent;
c) isolating the mRNA from the compartments using the mRNA capture agent;
d) performing reverse transcription followed by PCR amplification on the captured mRNA; and
e) sequencing at least two distinct cDNA products amplified from a single cell（単一細胞）."
"46. A method for obtaining a plurality of paired antigen receptor sequences comprising:
a) isolating single mammalian cells in individual compartments with immobilized oligonucleotides for priming of reverse transcription;
b) lysing the cells and allowing mRNA transcripts to associate with the immobilized oligonucleotides;
c) performing reverse transcription followed by PCR amplification to obtain cDNAs corresponding to the mRNA transcripts from single cells（単一細胞由来の）;
d) sequencing the cDNAs; and
e) identifying multiple mRNA transcripts for a plurality of single cells based on the sequencing."
WO2015179540(特表2017-517256)
"This bulk population was then plated at low density in order to isolate and expand single cell-derived clones（単一細胞由来のクローン）. The CRISPR/Cas9 nuclease and nickase each resulted in numerous cell clones that showed evidence of homology-directed repair, with the nickase treatment resulting in the most clones exhibiting donor-derived repair (FIG. 6(D)). Sanger sequencing of the FANCC locus showed the presence of donor-derived polymorphisms as well as correction of the c.456+4A>T mutation (FIG. 6(E) and FIG. 11). These data document the ability of CRISPR/Cas9 reagents to mediate precise correction of FANCC c.456+4A>T mutation by HDR."
WO2016028880(特表2017-528127)
"In a certain aspect, the pluripotent stem cells may be clonally derived from a single pluripotent stem cell, may comprise a substantial portion of cells clonally derived from a single cell（単一細胞由来の）, or may be a pool of multiple populations of cells, wherein each population of cells is clonally derived from a single cell. In a particular aspect, the pluripotent stem cells may be a population of cells, for example, derived from a single cell."
US20150268178(特表2015-524563)
(Ab)
"A method of subsea testing using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) is provided. The ROV has a spectroscopic sensor, preferably an x-ray fluorescence or neutron activation analysis sensor. The method includes identifying seafloor material to analyse（分析対象）, directing the ROV to the identified seafloor material, and analysing the seafloor material with the spectroscopic sensor. The method allows real time, or at least near real time, analysis of seafloor materials of interest without the need to obtain samples for analysis at the surface."
US8838394(特表2015-508642)
(Ab)
"This disclosure provides methods, systems, compositions, and kits for the multiplexed detection of a plurality of analytes（分析対象）in a sample. In some examples, this disclosure provides methods, systems, compositions, and kits wherein multiple analytes may be detected in a single sample volume by acquiring a cumulative measurement or measurements of at least one quantifiable component of a signal. In some cases, additional components of a signal, or additional signals (or components thereof) are also quantified. Each signal or component of a signal may be used to construct a coding scheme which can then be used to determine the presence or absence of any analyte."
US9341620(特表2014-505556)
"1. A method of conducting an assay on a sample, the method comprising the steps of: introducing a fluid sample into a microfluidic cartridge such that any analyte（分析対象物（検体））present in the sample is capable of being bound by an analyte binding agent and a label present in the cartridge, the cartridge comprising: a sample port for introducing said sample into the cartridge, a substrate comprising one or more microfluidic channels disposed therein, a binding agent within said channel(s) for binding any of said analyte within the sample, and a label for use in detecting an amount of the analyte present in the sample; and a detection area within or wholly comprising an area in which analyte, analyte binding agent, and label binding occurs to produce analyte binding agent/analyte/label complexes , detecting a total level of the label that is complexed or uncomplexed to the analyte present in the detection area in order to obtain a first reference/control value; removing any analyte binding agent/analyte/label complexes from the detection area; detecting a level of any uncomplexed label and any unreacted label that remains in the detection area after removal of said analyte binding agent/analyte/label complexes; and determining said analyte concentration by subtracting the level of uncomplexed/unreacted label from the first reference/control value."
WO2010086759(特表2012-516438)
"15. A probe for scanning probe microscopy, comprising a tunnel-current conducting part; and - a tunnel-current insulating part, the parts being configured such that the insulating part determines, in operation, a minimal distance between the conducting part and a surface of a sample to be analyzed（分析対象の試料）via the scanning probe microscope."
WO2009075697(特表2011-505960)
"3. The testing system of claim 1, wherein the health data is related to an analyte（分析対象物）in a body fluid sample."
甲状腺...喉throatにあるからth…状oid…thyroid
thyr-: shield/door shaped
-oid: resembling
android: manlike
androgen: アンドロゲン、a male hormone
androsterone: アンドロステロン、a weak androgen
androcentric: dominated by men
Andreas, Anders (name): manly
Anderson, Andersen: son of Anders
celluroid: cellulose-like
