対話

WO2013106467
"1. A method comprising: 
receiving a plurality of story（記事）requests to generate a sponsored story unit（スポンサ記事ユニット）, each story request specifying a type of interaction（対話）performed by a connection of a viewing（閲覧）user; 

identifying（特定）a plurality of interactions, wherein each interaction is performed by a user having a connection to the viewing user; 
selecting a story request from the plurality of story requests, wherein the selected story request specifies（指定）a type of interaction that corresponds to at least one interaction in the plurality of identified interactions; 
identifying one or more posts, wherein each of the identified posts has a connection with a social networking object involved in the at least one identified interaction corresponding to the type of interaction specified in the selected story request; 
selecting at least one post from the one or more posts; 
generating a sponsored story unit that comprises (1) content（コンテンツ；＊無冠詞）describing the at least one interaction and (2) content for the selected at least one post; and providing the sponsored story unit for display to the viewing user."

"[0001] This invention generally pertains to social networking, and more specifically to generating sponsored story units that include related posts and, optionally（任意の）, input elements. 

[0002] Social networks, or social utilities that track and enable connections between users (including people, businesses, and other entities), have become prevalent in recent years（近年広く行き渡って）. In particular, social networking systems allow users to communicate information more efficiently. For example, a user may post contact information, background information, job information, hobbies, and/or other user-specific data to a location associated with the user on a social networking system. Other users can then review the posted data by browsing user profiles or searching for profiles including specific data. The social networking systems also allow users to associate themselves with other users, thus creating a web of connections among the users of the social networking system. These connections among the users can be exploited（活用）by the social networking system to offer more relevant information to each user in view of the users' own stated interests." 

US2011022405
"1. A method of managing customer information comprising: 
recording customer information and preferences（優先順位）for interacting with（対話を行う）a plurality of providers by a computer;
storing the customer information in a profile by the computer; and
using the customer information to facilitate（容易にする）interaction between provider computers and the customer by the computer."

WO2010011903
"1. A method that is implemented by a device for touch interaction（タッチ対話）with a curved（曲面）display, the method comprising acts of: monitoring (402) a curved display (102) to detect a touch input; if a touch input is detected (404) based on the act of monitoring, determining (406) one or more locations of the touch input; and implementing (408) at least one user interface (UI) feature responsive to（応答して）the determined one or more locations of the touch input."

WO2016109307
"9. A system comprising:
a speech recognition（音声認識）component for receiving a plurality of natural language expressions（自然言語表現）, wherein the plurality of natural language expressions include at least one of words, terms（用語）, and phrases of text; and
a dialog（対話；＊会話、ダイアログ）component for:
creating a first fallback query from the plurality of natural language expressions, wherein creating the first fallback query comprises concatenating（連結）the plurality of natural language expressions; and
sending the at least one fallback query to a backend engine for generating search results from the at least one fallback query."

"[0001] Language understanding applications (e.g., digital assistant applications) require at least some contextual language understanding for interpreting spoken language input. In this regard, digital assistant applications may have experience interpreting spoken language inputs having a specific domain and/or task. For example, a digital assistant application may provide accurate results when interpreting a spoken language input related to a calendar event. However, in scenarios（シナリオ；＊場面）where the digital assistant application does not know how to handle the spoken language input, a backend solution (e.g., the web) may be used to provide a user with results. It may be difficult to determine when to use the digital assistant application and when to use a backend solution for a given（所与）spoken language input. In some cases, deterministic hard-coded rules may be used to determine when to use the digital assistant application and when to use a backend solution to fulfill a user's request. The cost of crafting and implementing these rules, as well as evaluating their accuracy, is high. Additionally, hard-coded rules do not scale well（スケーリングしない）for locale expansion (e.g., interpreting new and/or different languages). Furthermore, when it is determined to use a backend solution, the spoken language input is sent to the backend solution "as is（そのまま）" and a result is provided based on the received spoken language input. Consequently, as commonly known to the community, the hard-coded rules are "coarse-grained（きめが粗い）" and the overall user experience suboptimal（準最適）."

WO2014210368
(Ab)
"Systems, methods and aspects, and embodiments thereof relate to unsupervised（教師なし）or semi-supervised（半教師あり）features learning using a quantum processor. To achieve unsupervised or semi-supervised features learning, the quantum processor is programmed to achieve Hierarchal Deep Learning (referred to as HDL) over one or more data sets. Systems and methods search for, parse, and detect maximally repeating patterns in one or more data sets or across data or data sets. Embodiments and aspects regard using sparse coding to detect maximally repeating patterns in or across data. Examples of sparse coding include L0 and L1 sparse coding. Some implementations may involve appending, incorporating or attaching labels to dictionary elements, or constituent elements of one or more dictionaries. There may be a logical association between label and the element labeled such that the process of unsupervised or semi-supervised feature learning spans both the elements and the incorporated, attached or appended label."

US2017039039
"1. A method for model-based design of safety-critical software, the method comprising:
receiving natural-language software requirements（要件）;
developing a software specification（仕様）model in a structured natural language by implementing at least one of semantic modeling and graphical modeling of the natural-language software requirements;
applying formal requirement analysis（解析）of the software specification model;
automatically generating requirements based and robustness test cases from the software specification model;
developing a software design model based on the specification model;
applying automatically generated requirements based and robustness test cases to the software design model;
conducting formal analysis of the software design model;
auto-generating source code using the software design model;
verifying coverage and behavior of the source code by applying automatically generated test cases and static analysis technology;
compiling executable object code from the verified source code; and
verifying coverage and behavior of the executable object code by applying automatically generated test cases."

WO2016025128
"1. A system comprising:
one or more server computers;
one or more server applications that have been selected and enabled by a user for execution on the one or more server computers, wherein the one or more selected and enabled server applications operate in conjunction with a speech（音声）interface device located in premises（敷地）of the user to provide services for the user;
a speech processing component configured to receive first and second utterances（発話）from the speech interface device, wherein the first and second utterances express（表現）first and second user intents（インテント；＊意図）, respectively, the speech processing component being further configured to perform automatic speech recognition and natural language understanding on the first and second utterances to determine the first and second user intents;
an intent router configured to perform acts comprising:
identifying a server application of the one or more server applications corresponding to the first user intent;
invoking the identified server application to perform a first action corresponding to the first user intent; and
providing an indication of the second user intent to the speech interface device, wherein the speech interface device is responsive to the second user intent to perform a second action corresponding to the second user intent."

"11. The method of claim 6, further comprising conducting natural language dialogs（対話）with a user to receive the first and second user speech."

"[0035] As mentioned above with reference to FIG. 1, the control service 108 may have an automatic speech recognition (ASR) component 204 and a natural language understanding (NLU) component 206. The dialog management component 132 is configured to coordinate dialogs（対話）or interactions（インタラクション）with the user 106 based on speech as recognized by the speech recognition component 204 and/or understood by the natural language understanding component 206. The control service 108 may also have a text- to-speech component 208 that is responsive to the dialog management component 132 to generate speech for playback（再生）to the user 106 on the speech interface device 102."

WO2012138587
"1. A method executed at least in part in a computing device for facilitating audio- interactive（音声対話型）message exchange, the method comprising: 
receiving an indication（指示）from a user to send a message; 

enabling the user to provide a recipient of the message and an audio content of the message through audio input; 
performing speech recognition on the received audio input; determining the recipient from the speech recognized audio input; and transmitting the speech recognized content of the message to the recipient as a text-based message."

"[0033] The interactions（対話）in operation flows 200 and 300 may be completely automated allowing the user to provide audio input through natural language or prompted (e.g. the device providing audio prompts at various stages). Moreover, physical interaction (pressing of physical or virtual buttons, text prompts, etc.（等）) may also be employed at different stages of the interaction. Furthermore, users may be provided with the option of editing outgoing messages upon recording of those (following optional playback)."

US2003225825
"1. A method of generating an application accessible by a user in accordance with a dialog（ダイアログ；＊対話、会話）system, the method comprising the steps of:
representing interactions（対話；＊インタラクション）that the user may have with the dialog system as a data model and one or more user interaction elements that populate（移植；＊構成する？）an application state of the data model and that are bound thereto, such that a dialog that the user has with the dialog system may be a mixed-initiative dialog; 
wherein at least a portion of the one or more user interaction elements can be transformed or associated to one or more modality-specific renderings（形態特有のレンダリング）of the application which are presentable to the user and are one of selected and generated by a dialog manager algorithm."

"19. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more user interaction elements represent conversational（会話型）gestures."

成立する

US8049873
"4. The surgical microscopy system according to claim 1 wherein at least one of the following relations holds（成立）: 
A≦160 mm,
A≦120 mm, or
A≦100 mm."

US2015253362
"7. A device according to claim 1 wherein the sensor device is attached to the power cable at a first distance L1 from the end of the cable connectable to the power supply network and at a second distance L2 from the in-line switch such that（成立するように）
L2=k2×λ/2;
L1=k1×λ/2+λ/4;
where k1, k2 are integers and λ is the guided wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the Sensor device."

US2014146693
"5. The method of claim 1, wherein said comparing comprises evaluating if a condition b₁≧b_í+Δ−ε holds（成立）, wherein b₁represents the first bandwidth quantity, b_í represents the second bandwidth quantity, Δ represents the bandwidth of the second probe flow, and ε is Δ/3."

軸倍角

US9627936(JP)
"6. A permanent magnet motor for electric power steering apparatus, in which an ECU is integrally provided in back of the permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein
a sensor with a shaft angle multiplier of 1×（軸倍角１Ｘのセンサ）is used for a rotational angle sensor of the motor, and

a pole pair number of the motor is equal to or greater than 3."

US8872511(JP)
"1. An angle of rotation detection device（回転角検出装置）comprising:

an electrical angle detector having an electrical angle of 360° corresponding to one period of an output signal set smaller than a mechanical angle of 360° and providing a two-phase encoder signal corresponding to an electrical angle of a rotor;

a two-phase encoder counter counting said two-phase encoder signal, said two phase encoder counter having a digital value corresponding to said electrical angle of 360° as a maximum counting value; and

a multiplication factor detector（軸倍角数検出部）detecting which position of the mechanical angle an angle indicated by a signal output from said electrical angle detector corresponds to, based on a change of a count value of said two-phase encoder counter, wherein

said multiplication factor detector generates, based on a change of a count value of said two-phase encoder counter, an extended count value for extending a number of bits of said two-phase encoder counter which can express at most a value corresponding to the electrical angle of 360° to the number of bits which can express a value corresponding to the mechanical angle of 360°, and outputs said extended count value as a value showing which position of the mechanical angle the electrical angle indicated by the signal output from said electrical angle detector corresponding to, and an upper limit of said extended count value corresponding to a multiplication factor of said electrical angle detector."

US9692280(JP)
"1. A laminated core comprising:
a plurality of tabular members including an inner edge, wherein
the tabular members are laminated, in an axis direction and
a plurality of protrusions（突起）and a plurality of concavities（凹部）are arranged inside the inner edges of the tabular members in a radial direction, and arranged with a predetermined interval in a circumferential direction, wherein
the laminated core as a rotor core comprises a magnetic pole portion, wherein the magnetic pole portion includes a double axial angle（軸倍角）NX, in which N is a natural number of 2 or more, and an inner edge,
the number of protrusions is one, and
the number of concavities is N−1."

US2014172359
"1. A rotation angle（回転角）detection device, comprising: 
a plurality of resolvers for detecting a mechanical rotation angle of a rotating body;
a signal processing circuit for processing an output signal of at least one of the plurality of resolvers;
a detection signal processing section for obtaining, from the output signal of each of the plurality of resolvers, an electrical angle signal corresponding to the electrical angle of each of the resolvers; and
an abnormality detection section capable of detecting an abnormality of an input signal from at least one of the plurality of resolvers, and configured to perform one or both of first comparison determination processing for comparing, with each other, electrical angle signals respectively obtained from the plurality of resolvers at substantially the same time, and
second comparison determination processing for comparing, with each other, regular changes of the electrical angle signals obtained from each of the resolvers in a time series.

3. The rotation angle detection device as set forth in claim 2, wherein 
the plurality of resolvers include a first resolver having an axial double angle（軸倍角）of a first integer, and a second resolver having an axial double angle of a second integer, and wherein
the electrical angle signal conversion section converts the electrical angle signal of the first resolver and the electrical angle signal of the second resolver into a converted electrical angle signal corresponding to a common multiple of the first integer and the second integer."

本件

WO2014043713
"In regard to the tolerance of the groove "pitch" spacing, embodiments of the subject（本件の）tool holder ensure such spacing is consistent. In an embodiment, a 4.0" lead works well（十分に機能）in relation to speeds and feed capability of the curtain, but other leads are also utilized. An embodiment has a tolerance of +/-0.12" on the pitch, which is based on the feed speed of the machine (lathe) cutting the grooves and should be very consistent."

WO2011086509
"Adenovirus is used as a vehicle to administer targeted therapy, in the form of recombinant DNA or in this case（本件の場合）, protein. 

According to another embodiment, the adenovirus comprises a sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NO: 1 1." 

WO2009029337
"[0013] The system of the invention（本件のシステム）can be easily, effectively and reliably used to dispense a variety of treating fluids, most preferably liquids, but optionally, gases or liquids containing dissolved, entrained or suspended gaseous or powdered solid components. The treating fluids are preferably dispensed as a mist, and are preferably selected from known, commercially available insecticides, pesticides, insect or pest repellents, fungicides, biocides, and the like, and can optionally include an attractant component as a lure. It will also be appreciated upon reading the disclosure（本開示を読めば理解）that the subject system（本件のシステム）can likewise be used for dispensing other treating fluids "on demand" including, for example, liquid fertilizers, air fresheners, cooling water, and the like, and at times other than dusk and dawn." 

WO2008029288
"Related Applications 

[001] This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U. S. C. [section] 119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/831 ,792, filed on July 19, 2006, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference（ここに援用することにより、本件の一部をなすものとする）." 

US2017267122
"[0006] With the foregoing problems in view, an object（目的）of the present disclosure（本件；＊開示）is to provide a controlling apparatus for controlling a vehicle that is able to achieve both enhanced electrical power efficiency and ensured drivability. Another object of the present disclosure is to achieve advantageous effects that cannot be achieved through the traditional art by employing the configurations described below in the embodiments."

奇数次成分

US6127869(JP)
"Consequently, when the odd number-ordered component（奇数次成分）of the transition pulse signals is zero, p=pai That is, this can be regarded as the time when the exact 2T-2T signal is obtained. Therefore, calibration with no effect of ringing is realized by the present embodiment, because the calibration has no connection with ringing as long as the pulse interval of the transition pulse is equal."

US9331631(JP)
"Meanwhile, there is also a large number of other waveforms, such as the waveform A (120° rectangular waveform) and waveform B (120° trapezoidal waveform) shown in FIG. 14 for which the 1st order basis harmonic peak V1p of the voltage V becomes larger than the peak value Vp of the voltage V. However, as shown in FIG. 14, which represents the results of frequency analysis of those voltages, this voltage V typically has a waveform including odd-order components（奇数次成分）up to higher harmonics. Therefore, when such voltage V is applied, the current i flowing in each armature winding 11 of the motor has a waveform including odd-order components up to higher harmonics."

US8867042(JP)
"1. A method for evaluating characteristics of an optical modulator containing a plurality of Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs),

wherein the optical modulator includes N (N is an integer 2 or more) MZIs connected in parallel,

the MZI to be evaluated is a K-th MZI (MZI_K) and the strength of a n-th order side band component of the MZI_K is defined to be S_n,k,

the method comprising:

measuring output strength; and

evaluating characteristics of the MZI, wherein

the measuring output strength comprises determining the (S_n,k),

the evaluating characteristics of the MZI further comprises:

controlling a bias voltage applied to electrodes of the MZI_K;

measuring the n-th order（ｎ次の）side band of the MZI_K at a bias voltage minimizing the odd-order（奇数次）or maximizing the even-order component（偶数次成分）of side bands to obtain a first strength of the n-th order side band, and the n-th order side band of the MZI_K at a bias voltage maximizing the odd-order or minimizing the even-order component of side bands to obtain a second strength of the n-th order side band, and

determining characteristics of the MZI of the MZI_K by using the first strength and the second strength of the n-th order side band."

"6. A method in accordance with claim 1,

wherein the evaluating characteristics of the MZI further comprises:

determining A_K of the MZI_K by using the first strength and the second strength of the n-th order side band,

determining the first A_K by using the first order and second order side band or the -first order（－１次）and second order side band;

determining the second A_K by using the third order or -third order（－３次）side band; and,

evaluating the measurement accuracy of A_K by determining whether values of the first A_K and the second A_K are close,

wherein a modulation index of a first arm of two arms of the MZI_Kis A_1,K, a chirp parameter of the MZI_K is α_K*, and A_K=A_1,K+α_K*."

US2012127931
"5. The method of claim 4, wherein the plurality of component carriers includes a primary component（一次成分）carrier and at least one secondary component（二次成分）carrier; and 
wherein the prioritizing the transmission power includes assigning the PRACH a first priority and the second channel a second priority when the PRACH carries timing information on the primary component carrier and the second channel is a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmitted on a secondary component carrier of the at least one secondary component carrier."

WO2013039726
"[0040] The engine may have a plurality of cylinders that fire in a predefined sequence, where each cylinder fires once during a four stroke or a two stroke cycle. For example, a four cylinder, four stroke engine may have a firing sequence of 1-3-4- 2, where each cylinder fires（点火）once for every two revolutions（回転）of the engine. Thus, the firing frequency of a given cylinder is one half the frequency of revolution of the engine and the firing frequency of any cylinder is twice the frequency of revolution of the engine. The frequency of revolution of the engine may be described as the first engine order. Such a first order frequency component（１次周波数成分）can show up in the frequency content of the measured generator parameter. The firing frequency of a given cylinder of a four stroke engine may be described as the half engine order, where the half engine order（エンジンの０．５次成分）is one half the frequency of revolution of the engine. Such a half order frequency component（０．５次周波数成分）can also show up in the frequency content of the measured generator parameter."

WO2011019339
"12. The computer-readable storage medium of Claim 11 , wherein the harmonics comprise a first harmonic, a third harmonic, a fifth harmonic, a seventh harmonic（７次高調波）, and a ninth harmonic."

回転数

US2013105512
"9. Apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the apparatus includes a motor having a rotatable output, wherein rotation of the output in a first direction causes movement of the dispensing head in a dispensing direction for applying a load to the container, and wherein the control system is programmed to dispense a predefined portion size of product from the bulk container on demand, corresponding to a number of revolutions（回転数）of the rotatable output of the motor."

WO2015006136
"10. The flywheel device of claim 1, further comprising a sensor configured to monitor a number of revolutions（回転数）of a bearing and a load on the bearing."

US2014262078
"3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining the speed comprises determining a number of revolutions（回転数）of a tube operatively coupled to the covering to move the covering from the position to the reference position."

US2013207647
"4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the correction angle is determined with the aid of the voltage vector angle and with the aid of the rotation speed（回転数）of the armature."

端的に表現

WO2011156272
"[0003] The evaluation of mental states（心理状態）is key to understanding individuals but is also useful for therapeutic and business purposes. Mental states run a broad gamut from happiness to（広い範囲に及ぶ）sadness, from contentedness to worry, and from excited to calm, as well as numerous others. These mental states are experienced in response to everyday events such as frustration during a traffic jam, boredom while standing in line, and impatience while waiting for a cup of coffee. Individuals may become rather perceptive and empathetic based on evaluating and understanding others' mental states but automated evaluation of mental states is far more challenging. An empathetic person may perceive another's being anxious or joyful and respond accordingly. The ability and means by which one person perceives another's emotional state may be quite difficult to summarize（端的に表現する）and has often been communicated as having a "gut feel（直観）.""

US2007168749
"[0018] The apparati and methods of the example embodiments will be described with respect to implementation on a logic analyzer, but the methods recited herein may operate on a general purpose computer or other network device selectively activated or reconfigured by a routine stored in the computer and interface with the necessary signal processing capabilities. More to the point（更に端的に表現すれば）, the methods presented herein are not necessarily related to any particular device; rather, various devices may be used with routines in accordance with the teachings herein."

回転域

WO2014147904(JP)
"13. A method for controlling a motor generator having a rotor with magnet, and a stator with coils driven in a plurality of phases, the coils of each phase not being connected to each other,
wherein when a number of rotations of the rotor is in a low rotation range, some coils among of the plurality of phases are brought into a state in which both ends of a coil are electrically released, and
wherein when a number of rotations（回転数）of the rotor is in a high rotation range（高回転域）, some coils among of the plurality of phases are brought into a state in which both ends of a coil are short-circuited."

US2015362026(JP)
"1. A starting clutch control device for an automatic transmission comprising:
a starting clutch controller,
wherein the starting control device controls a transmission torque capacity of a starting clutch interposed in a transmission path in which rotation of the power source is transmitted to wheels while shifting is underway by the automatic transmission,
wherein the starting clutch controller controls the transmission torque capacity of the starting clutch in such that a rotation trajectory of the power source develops as desired in a low rotation speed range（低回転域）in which the transmission torque capacity control of the starting clutch is necessary, and
wherein the starting clutch controller causes the transmission torque capacity of the starting clutch to change, when a shift of the automatic transmission occurs during the transmission torque capacity control by the starting clutch controller, in a direction in which the change in the rotation trajectory will occur corresponding to the shift."

肉抜き孔

US2004045752(JP)
"7. The hybrid vehicle drive system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein 
the disk portion of the rotor support plate has weight-reduction holes（肉抜き孔）formed in an area extending from the portion fixed to the front cover to the internal diameter portion."

US2016251049(JP)
"6. The screen moving device in a saddle-ride-type vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a wall thickness reducing hole（肉抜き孔）is formed in the grip."

グーグル翻訳：
「肉抜き孔」"meat vent"
「冷却ファンは肉抜き孔を有する」："The cooling fan has a lightening hole."

内側に配設

「～が内側に配設される」において、内側と非接触の場合、"disposed on the inside of"だと接触を示して不適切ではないか？

US2014360743
"11. The method as claimed in claim 10, comprising feeding the lubricating fluid from a separate lubricating system to a bearing space in the body, and inside which bearing space（軸受空間（１６）の内側には・・・回転可能に配設）the rotating sleeve is bearing mounted rotationally; and lubricating by means of the lubricating fluid at least one bearing of the rotating sleeve."

interior of

"FIG. 7 shows the frame members 22disposed interior of the shroud 38 and coupled to the shroud 38 by adhesive bonding."

（シュラウド38をフレーム部材22で内側からテントのように支える靴構造。図７では22はシュラウド38の内側なので見えない。必ずしも内側での非接触を示している訳ではなさそうなので、結局on the inside ofと同じか？）

追記 8MAY2018
接触は関係ないかも。
"On the outside, this type of resolver may look like a small electrical motor having a stator and rotor. On the inside, the configuration of the wire windings makes it different." ("Resolver", Wikipedia)

有底

WO2018056966(JP)
"1. A brake hydraulic pressure controller comprising:
a base body that is formed with a channel for a hydraulic fluid therein, wherein
a first banjo with a first end, to which a brake pipe is connected, is fixed to a first port of the channel by a banjo bolt, and
a second end of the first banjo, to which the brake pipe is not connected, is inserted in a bottomed hole（有底孔）that is perforated in specified depth on an outer surface of the base body and into which the hydraulic fluid does not flow in an entire region of the specified depth, or extends to the outside of a side of the base body and is locked to an edge on the side of the base body."

WO2017015347(JP)
"25. The electric power steering apparatus according to claim 16, wherein:
a non-output end bearing that rotatably supports said output shaft is disposed on a central portion of said heat sink;
said power module, said holder, and said controlling circuit board that are stacked sequentially from said heatsink are sealed by a case that has a plane of a cylindrical cup shape（有底筒状）that has an end surface that is placed in contact with an outer circumferential edge portion of said heat sink; and

a connector that is electrically connected to said control unit, and that extends so as to be parallel to said output shaft, is disposed within said plane of said case."

"[0094] Because the connectors 16 and 17, which are electrically connected to the control unit 1 and extend parallel to the output shaft 23, are disposed on the upper surface of the cylindrical cup-shaped（有底筒状の）cover 19, which is a flat surface, radial dimensions of the electric power steering apparatus will not be increased by the connectors 16 and 17."

US2018065610(JP)
"5. The brake device of the fluid pressure motor according to claim 2, wherein
the holding portion is a bottomed hole formed in correspondence to the coil spring, and
by engaging an outer peripheral surface of the one end portion with an inner peripheral surface of the bottomed hole（有底孔）, the coil spring is held by the holding portion."

US2015328760(JP)
"1. An impact tool which drives a tool bit in a longitudinal direction of the tool bit and performs a predetermined operation, comprising:
a motor which includes a motor shaft,
a driving mechanism which is driven by the motor and drives the tool bit,
a main housing which houses the driving mechanism,
a handle which includes a grip portion extending in a cross direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the tool bit, the handle being configured to be moved with respect to the main housing,
a biasing member which is arranged between the main housing and the handle and applies biasing force on the handle, and
a weight which is housed in the main housing and movable with respect to the main housing,
wherein the driving mechanism comprises a motion converting mechanism which converts rotation of the motor shaft into a linear motion in the longitudinal direction of the tool bit, and a hammering mechanism which includes a bottomed cylinder（有底筒状）member, a driving element slidably housed within the cylinder member and a hammering element driven by the driving element and hammering the tool bit, the cylinder member being configured to be driven linearly by the motion converting mechanism and arranged coaxially with the tool bit"

US4117261
"The stand-off 10, of FIGS. 1 through 3 has a metallic base or socket 12, preferably formed as a rivet with shank 14 and a head 16, which has an inwardly extending undercut at 18, has wall or tube 20 which extends outwardly from the top of the head to form a socket area between the inside walls 22 and the top 24 of the head. The lip 26 of the socket is preferably enlarged or raised. A rigid insert 28 is made from a material that has good insulation properties; thus, it may be made from plastics such as, but not limited to, glass reinforced nylon. The lower part 30 of the insert is shaped to fit into the socket. A ledge or shoulder 32 extends around the periphery of the insert and is located to be contiguous to the lip of the socket when the insert is fully bottomed（＊底に達した）in the socket."

US2014227581(JP)
"1. A cell comprising:
a closed-end tubular（有底筒状）case for accommodating a power generation element;
a lid for the case;
a terminal electrode disposed outside of the case and used for connection with another cell;
an extraction electrode passing through the lid and used to extract electric power from the power generation element to the outside of the case; and
a stepped connection electrode disposed outside of the case, the stepped connection electrode having a first flat portion to which the terminal electrode is connected and a second flat portion which is located at a level different from a level of the first flat portion and to which the extraction electrode is connected, wherein
the first and second flat portions have regions overlapping each other as viewed in a direction orthogonal to a direction of a thickness of the first and second flat portions."

US2015090206(JP)
"3. The valve mechanism for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the lost motion mechanism includes:
a housing shaped like a cylinder having a closed end（片側有底筒状）, the housing accommodating the lash adjuster in a slidable manner;

an engagement member capable of engaging the housing and the lash adjuster with each other; and
a supply passage that applies hydraulic pressure to the engagement member such that the hydraulic pressure acts on the engagement member in a direction for cancelling an engagement state between the housing and the lash adjuster,
wherein the switch portion is a switch valve provided in the supply passage to switch supply modes of the hydraulic pressure to the engagement member."

高回転型

US5950765
"The present invention relates to servo-actuators for providing mechanical output such as rotation of a shaft in response to energization（動作）of an electric drive motor. The invention relates particularly to rotary actuators driven by a low voltage motor such as a small relatively high RPM（高回転型）motor of sub-fractional horsepower operating from a vehicle on-board power supply, typically in the range 12-24 volts. Electrically operated servo-actuators have been found desired for various on-board vehicle applications."

US2017184193
"[0001] The present invention relates to a spur gear transmission with at least two toothed spur gears, in particular according to the preamble of the independent claims. 

[0002] Spur gear transmissions of the type in question are known, for example, from WO 2012/028231 A1. Such spur gear transmissions are designed, for example, as high-speed（高回転型）transmissions, such as turbo transmissions." 

US2017276103(JP)
"In particular, the engine E of the motorcycle runs at a higher engine speed（高回転型である）than that of a four-wheeled vehicle (automobile). For this reason, the temperature of the catalyst 38 tends to be elevated at a high change rate in the motorcycle. Therefore, the configuration of the present embodiment is effectively used in the motorcycle." 

US2015354523(JP)
(Ab)
"An engine starting apparatus is provided which is equipped with a starter, an inrush current reducer, and a starter mode switch. The inrush current reducer works to reduce an inrush current flowing through an electric motor installed in the starter when the electric motor is energized. The starter mode switch works to change a starter characteristic that is an output characteristic of the starter continuously or selectively at least between a low-torque/high-speed mode（高回転型）and a high-torque/low-speed mode. The starter mode switch places the starter in the high-torque/low-speed mode at least at a time when a piston of the engine is passing a top dead center, and the engine friction has been just maximized for the first time after the starter is actuated to crank the engine. This shortens a period of time required to start up the engine without sacrificing beneficial effects offered by the inrush current reducer."

US2018034388(JP)
"[0099] The motor 15 of the present embodiment is a high rotation type（高回転型）motor. One reason for adopting the high rotation type motor as the motor 15 is to enable feedback control (i.e., constant rotation control) so that the motor 15 may have a constant rotational speed by pulse-width modulation (PWM) driving, and further to expand, as wide as possible, the load region in which the rotational speed of the motor 15 can be maintained constant. In the present embodiment, degradation in the rotational speed due to load in the practical region is inhibited by using a motor that can be rotated at a high rotational speed relative to another motor with respect to the same current value."

US2006254850(JP)
"[0017] As for the motor, a low torque.high rpm（高回転型）brushless-type motor is used for this power steering system, and used in a range where the number of revolutions of the motor is more than 3000 rpm (3000 revolutions per minute). As shown in FIG. 4, when the number of revolutions of the motor is greater than or equal to 3000 rpm, the motor can work in the high efficiency range (its efficiency is greater than or equal to 60 percent (%))."

用途の拡大

US2016291983
"[0002] Portable systems that operate from（によって動作）a battery and/or from power harvested from the environment（環境；＊定冠詞）typically consume small amounts of energy to prolong the system lifetime（寿命）for a given amount of available energy. The energy budget（収支）for a portable system affects a widening set of applications（一連の用途の拡大）due to a combination of design criteria for smaller size (less battery volume, so less energy available), longer lifetimes (make energy last longer), and/or more functionality (do more with the same amount of energy). An emerging class of these portable systems can be used as wireless nodes in a variety of applications, including providing monitoring, sensing, control, or security functions. An increasing fraction of attention（注目の割合が高まりつつある）to these sorts of devices, often classified as belonging to the emerging “Internet of Things (IoT)”, considers that they will typically operate at least in part using power harvested from their environment, and a new class of power harvesting systems on chip (SoCs) has emerged for this purpose. These SoCs may include combinations of power harvesting circuits, power management circuits, sensors or sensor interfaces, processing components (e.g. microcontrollers, microprocessors, digital signal processors, hardware accelerators), memory, and wireless communication circuits (e.g. radios)." 

WO2016148950
"[0011] Clear optics may be challenging（透明性が課題となる）when blending ethylene-based elastomers in polypropylene. For example, certain elastomers significantly lower the modulus（弾性率）and clarity of polypropylene. As such（このように）, to obtain clear compositions, refractive index matching of the materials have been proposed, e.g., by reducing the rubber domain size to avoid the scattering of the visible wavelengths of light. However, an approach（手法）that relies only on refractive index matching of elastomers with polypropylene, has the disadvantage of being restricted to the use of plastomers (such as plastomers having a density greater than 0.900 g/cm<3>), which may provide lower impact properties especially at lower temperatures. Accordingly, a new compatibilization approach is proposed that replies on particle sizing via compatibilization（相溶化）of non-refractive index matched elastomers with polypropylene, this allows for the expanded use（用途の拡大）of elastomers having a density from 0.850 g/cm<3>to 0.900 cm<3>(e.g., 0.850 g/cm<3>to 0.890 cm<3>and/or 0.850 g/cm<3>to 0.870 g/ cm ) that have relatively better impact properties at lower temperatures (such as have a relatively lower glass transition temperature)." 

WO2015157399
"[0235] Multiple cancer types downregulate or mutate target antigens as a means to escape therapy. The simultaneous targeting of multiple tumor-associated antigens is therefore a promising therapeutic approach to overcome tumor escape and can broaden the therapeutic reach（治療用途の拡大）of T cell therapeutics." 

WO2015132190
"[0001] This invention is concerned with a process for increasing the scratch resistance of a composition comprising（含む）a thermoplastic organic polymer. The invention also relates to a scratch resistant polymer composition comprising a blend of the said thermoplastic organic polymer composition with a masterbatch comprising an organopolysiloxane dispersed in a thermoplastic organic polymer. 

[0002] Plastic products are finding increasing application（用途の拡大を見い出しつつある）in automotive as well as consumer electronic markets. Since these products appear on the outside or exterior, their application demands good aesthetics（良好な美観）not only in the initial stage of usage, but also during their continued usage. Plastics are known to get scratched quite easily or easily damaged from mar. To scratch means to break, mar（傷付け）, or mark a surface of by rubbing, scraping, or tearing with something sharp or rough."

 

突極

WO2015073658
"1. A motor comprising: a sealed rotor with at least one salient rotor pole（ロータ突極）; and a stator comprising at least one salient stator pole having an excitation winding（励磁巻線）associated therewith（関連する）and interfacing with（相互作用する）the at least one salient rotor pole to effect（生じさせる）an axial flux circuit between the at least one salient stator pole and the at least one salient rotor pole."

WO2004088832
"1. An apparatus comprising: a plurality of electric motor stator core segments, each core segment formed with（形成された）a pair of salient poles（突極）; a plurality of switches; and a winding（巻線）formed on stator each core segment, the winding divided into a plurality of winding sections coupled to each other through the switches; wherein all winding sections are connected via selected ones of the switches in an electrical circuit to a power source for energizing（付勢）all of the winding sections of the motor throughout a motor operational speed range and, during different portions of the operational speed range, the winding sections are connected in different respective circuit configurations." 

摺接

US2018010728
"1. A motor drive assembly comprising:
a motor for rotating a shaft, the motor attached to a motor plate;
a gear track attached to the motor plate;
a pawl（歯止め；＊爪、ツメ）having a rotational axis and a tip（先端）;

a pawl lock pin attached to a base wherein the pawl rotates about the pawl lock pin;
a spring for holding the tip of the pawl against the grooves of the gear track;
a first rail attached to the base wherein the motor plate is in sliding contact with（摺接）a surface of the rail;
wherein the pawl allows the gear track and motor to move in one direction over the first rail."