ChatGPT Plus使えた：誠に申し訳ありません。

先日「ChatGPTが面倒なことになった」でPlusにログインできないとの記事を書きましたが、今日できました。

変えたのは、自分のアカウントにログインの際、メールアドレスからではなく、「Googleで続行」から入ったこと。

それはすなわちグーグルメールのアドレスと同じだろうと思う（違う！？）のですが、以前グーグルメールアドレスでログインしようとした際、パスワードを忘れていたので再設定しようと思い「パスワードのリセット」から自分のＧメールアドレス宛に送信しましたが、なぜかメールが届かないため、どうせこのアドレスはアカウント登録したアドレスではないだろうと判断して、別のメインのメールアドレスで何度もログインし、結局PlusにならないのでChatGPT 側の問題だろうと思ったのでした。

そしてChatbotですが、前回私が最初のステップで"Lean more/contact sales"という選択肢を選択したため、質問以外の定型情報が表示されたようです。別の選択肢、例えば"I can't login"を選ぶとFreeのChatGPTアカウントでもちゃんと使えました。

要するに私の思い込みの数々が原因で、ChatGPTに対する不安を流布してしまい申し訳ありません。

OpenAIからは問い合わせの翌日には返事があり、しかも非常に丁寧で、無事ログインできたと返信するとまた丁寧な返事がすぐ届きました。

これからもChatGPT Plusを活用していこうと思います。

ただ、ChatGPTパスワード再設定用のグーグルメール(Gmail)が届かないのだけは謎です（他のメールは届いている）。

あと、画面左上になんで"ChatGPT 4o"と表示されるのかと思いましたが、ChatGPT4 Plusに含まれる便利な最新機能（Freeでも一部利用可）のようなもののようでした。

お騒がせいたしました。m(__)m

複数の同一名称の要素をまとめる：冠詞

Which is correct grammatically or otherwise?

1. The first and the second inflation tubes.

2. The first and second inflation tubes.

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The grammatically correct option is:

2. The first and second inflation tubes.

This is because when two or more items are listed together with a shared noun ("inflation tubes" in this case), the article "the" can be used just once before the first adjective ("first") and omitted before the second ("second").

探索、サーチ

Translate: この発明は分子構造に基づいて探索対象の物質を探索する。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The translation is:

"This invention searches for the target substance based on its molecular structure."

あなた:

How about, "This invention searches the target substance based on its molecular structure"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The sentence "This invention searches the target substance based on its molecular structure" is slightly off in meaning. The verb "searches" typically requires a preposition like "for" when indicating what is being looked for. Without the preposition, it can imply searching within the target substance, which changes the intended meaning.

A more accurate version would be:

"This invention searches for the target substance based on its molecular structure."

This version clearly indicates that the invention is looking for the target substance, rather than searching within it.

あなた:

How about "This invention retrieves the target substance based on its molecular structure"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The sentence "This invention retrieves the target substance based on its molecular structure" could work, but it depends on the specific context. The verb "retrieves" typically means to locate and bring back something that is already identified or stored, implying that the substance is being accessed rather than searched for.

If the invention is finding or identifying the target substance, "retrieves" might not fully capture the exploratory nature of the process, and "searches for" or "identifies" would be better. However, if the invention is accessing or extracting an already-known substance, "retrieves" would make sense.

So, if the invention is discovering or identifying the substance:

"This invention searches for the target substance based on its molecular structure."

If the invention is extracting or accessing a known substance:

"This invention retrieves the target substance based on its molecular structure."

Choose based on whether the focus is on discovery or extraction.

2つのうちいずれの：any, either；piece/item of information

Is the following sentence natural from the viewpoint of grammar, usage, convention, and so on?
"Any of the two information items may be used."

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The sentence "Any of the two information items may be used" is grammatically incorrect. Here’s why:

1. "Any" with two items: The word "any" is typically used when referring to three or more options. For two options, the appropriate word would be "either."

2. "Information" is uncountable: The word "information" is uncountable in English, so you shouldn't use "items" with it in this context.

A more natural sentence would be:

"Either of the two pieces of information may be used."

This revision fixes the issues with both word choice and the uncountable noun.

Me:

Explain why "two pieces of information" is OK but "two items of information" is not OK.

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The phrase "two pieces of information" is standard because "piece" is a commonly accepted unit word for uncountable nouns like "information." In English, when we need to refer to individual amounts of something uncountable (such as "information," "advice," or "furniture"), we use specific countable terms like "piece" or "bit."

Here’s why "two pieces of information" is OK but "two items of information" is not commonly used:

1. Common usage: "Piece" is the standard, idiomatic unit used to quantify information, so "two pieces of information" is a natural and widely accepted phrase.

2. "Item" is less idiomatic: Although grammatically correct, "two items of information" is less commonly used. "Item" is often used for countable nouns, such as "two items on a list" or "two items of clothing." While you might occasionally see "item of information," it's not as idiomatic as "piece of information."

In summary, "piece" is more natural when breaking down uncountable nouns like "information," making it the preferred term in this case.

前後にわたり、前後に亘

Translate: この検査装置では、部材の検査の前後にわたり部材の温度が測定される。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The translation is:

"In this inspection device, the temperature of the component is measured both before and after the inspection."

あなた:

Does the translation accurately convey the meaning of 前後にわたり, which indicates not just "before" and "after" but "during"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

You're right! The phrase "前後にわたり" does imply a continuous span of time, including before, during, and after. To better reflect this, a more accurate translation would be:

"In this inspection device, the temperature of the component is measured throughout, before, during, and after the inspection."

This version captures the full meaning of "前後にわたり," indicating that the temperature is measured continuously across all stages of the process.

あなた:

How about, ""In this inspection device, the temperature of the component is measured before, during, and after the inspection"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Your version, "In this inspection device, the temperature of the component is measured before, during, and after the inspection," works perfectly. It captures the meaning of "前後にわたり" and clearly communicates the continuous measurement across all stages of the inspection process.

This is a concise and accurate translation. Great choice!

可能性：possibility, likelihood, probability

Translate: 故障原因が判明する可能性は低い。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The translation is:

"The likelihood of determining the cause of the malfunction is low."

あなた:

Why did you use "likelihood" instead of "possibility" or "probability"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

I chose "likelihood" because it often conveys a stronger sense of expectation compared to "possibility," which can imply a broader range of outcomes, and "probability," which can sound more mathematical or technical. In this case, "likelihood" fits naturally in everyday language, especially when discussing the chance of something occurring.

However, you could also use "possibility" or "probability," depending on the tone or precision you want. Here's how each would work:

• Possibility: "The possibility of determining the cause of the malfunction is low."
  This emphasizes that it’s an option but suggests it’s unlikely.

• Probability: "The probability of determining the cause of the malfunction is low."
  This would fit better if you wanted to imply a more quantifiable chance, often used in technical or scientific contexts.

All three are valid, but "likelihood" often strikes a balance between everyday language and a reasonable expectation of an outcome. Would you prefer to adjust it to one of the others?

それぞれ問題

Translate: 一対の電極をそれぞれ保持する一対の電線保持部

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The phrase can be translated as:

（＊A）"A pair of wire holding parts that each hold a pair of electrodes（＊each part holding a pair of electrodesとなるから原文（私）の意図と異なる)."

Let me know if you'd like to adjust this translation for a specific context!

あなた:

How about, （＊B）"A pair of wire holding parts that respectively hold a pair of electrodes"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Your suggestion works well, but it slightly changes the nuance of the original sentence. Here's the difference:

• Original: "それぞれ保持する" suggests that each wire holding part holds its own electrode (i.e., one electrode per holding part（＊最初の英訳では反映されていない).
• Your version: "respectively hold a pair of electrodes" suggests that each holding part holds two electrodes.

If the intention is to have each wire holding part hold one electrode, a more accurate translation would be:

（＊C）"A pair of wire holding parts that each respectively hold an electrode（＊pair ofが無い）."

Would you like me to adjust the translation based on this nuance?

あなた:

Translate: 一対の電極10, 20をそれぞれ保持する一対の電線保持部10A, 20A.

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The phrase can be translated as:

（＊D）"A pair of wire holding parts 10A and 20A that each respectively hold a pair of electrodes 10 and 20（＊each holding part holding a pairとなり意図と異なる)."

This maintains the structure and meaning of the original sentence. Let me know if you need further adjustments!

あなた:

Regarding the initial Japanese sentence, the context is this: A device has a pair of wire holding parts and a pair of electrodes. The pair of electrodes are connected to the pair of wire holding parts in a one-to-one relationship. That is, one of the pair of electrodes is held by one of the pair of wire holding parts, and the other electrode is held by the other wire holding part. Now, with this context in mind, translate 一対の電極をそれぞれ保持する一対の電線保持部.

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Given this context, a more accurate translation would be:

（＊E）"A pair of wire holding parts that each respectively hold one of the pair of electrodes."

This version clarifies the one-to-one relationship between the wire holding parts and the electrodes, aligning with the context you provided.

あなた:

How about （＊F）"A pair of wire holding parts that hold respective ones of a pair of electrodes"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Your version, "A pair of wire holding parts that hold respective ones of a pair of electrodes," works well and clearly conveys the one-to-one relationship. It’s concise and accurately reflects the intended meaning.

It's a good choice for the context you described!

 

＊

（＊E）や（＊F）で良いと思うが、（＊B）はダメなのか？

混入元素

US9492474(MATRIX BIOLOGY INST [US])
 In another embodiment, a pre-filled syringe is free from silicone based lubricants.
別の実施形態において、プレフィルドシリンジはシリコーン系潤滑剤を含まない。

One of skill in the art also understands that small amounts of contaminating elements leaching into the formulation from the syringe barrel, syringe tip cap, plunger or stopper may also influence stability of the composition. 
当業者は、注射器バレル、注射器先端の蓋、プランジャーまたはストッパーから製剤へ浸出する少量の混入元素もまた組成物の安定性に影響し得ることを理解している。

US11293083(ERASTEEL SAS [FR])
[0042] Besides the above mentioned elements, the steel alloy may contain unavoidable impurities and other residual products in normal amounts, derived from the melt-metallurgical treatment of the steel alloy.
【００３３】
  上述の元素に加えて、鋼は、鋼の融解冶金処理に由来する通常量の不可避の不純物およびその他の残留生成物を含んでよい。

Other elements
その他の元素も、

can intentionally be supplied to the steel alloy in minor amounts,

provided they do not detrimentally change the intended interactions between the alloying elements of the steel alloy and also that they do not impair the intended features of the steel alloy and its suitability for the intended applications.
それらが意図した合金鋼の合金元素間の相互作用を有害な方向に変化させず、また、それらが、合金鋼の意図している特徴および目的の用途に対するその適合性を損なわなければ、

意図的に合金鋼に加えることができる。

Impurities, such as contamination elements, can be present in the steel alloy at an amount of maximum 1.0 wt. %, preferably maximum 0.75 wt. % and more preferably maximum 0.5 wt. %. 
混入元素などの不純物は、合金鋼中に、１．０重量％の最大量で、好ましくは０．７５重量％の最大量で、より好ましくは０．５重量％の最大量で存在し得る。

US9296666(EXXONMOBIL CHEM PATENTS INC [US])
Non-limiting examples of such elements and substances include nitrogen, copper, hafnium, rare earth elements, etc. 
このような元素及び物質の非限定的な例として、窒素、銅、ハフニウム、希土類元素等が挙げられる。

Minor amounts or impurities typically found in such alloys may also be present, as well as tramp elements such as lead, tin, zinc, selenium, etc.
このような合金において典型的に見いだされる少量の不純物、並びに鉛、スズ、亜鉛、セレン等のような混入元素（トランプ元素）もまた存在し得る。

EP1792964(AGFA HEALTHCARE NV [BE])
[0015] Alkali halide and alkaline earth halide phosphors are often contaminated with oxides.
【００１５】
  アルカリハロゲン化物及びアルカリ土類ハロゲン化物燐光体は酸化物を混入されることが多い。

The origin of this contaminating element may be water, adsorbed at the surface of the often slightly hygroscopic salt particles, more particularly at the surface of the Eu-compound derivatives.
この混入元素の源はしばしばわずかに吸湿性の塩粒子の表面で、特にＥｕ化合物誘導体の表面で吸収される水でありうる。

In the synthesis of the CsBr:Eu storage phosphor according to the state-of-the art methods the dopant material is often recognised as the source of oxygen contamination.
従来技術の方法によるＣｓＢｒ：Ｅｕ貯蔵燐光体の合成ではドーパント材料は酸素混入の源として認識されることが多い。