在圏する：reside, camp, serve

ＵＥはＲＡＮのノード、例えばｅＮＢ２０６に在圏する。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The UE resides in a RAN node, such as the eNB 206.

あなた:

How about 1. The UE is camped on a RAN node, such as the eNB 206. 2. The UE is visiting a RAN node, such as the eNB 206. 3. The UE is served by a RAN node, such as the eNB 206. 4. The UE is camping in a RAN node, such as the eNB 206. 5. The UE is in the coverage of a RAN node, such as the eNB 206. 6. The UE is within a RAN node, such as the eNB 206. 7. The UE is residing on a RAN node, such as the eNB 206.

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Here’s an analysis of each option, considering both technical correctness and natural usage in telecommunications:

---

1. "The UE is camped on a RAN node, such as the eNB 206."

• Correct and widely used:
  "Camped on" is standard terminology in mobile communications, referring to the UE being registered with a cell for idle mode signaling and services.
• Recommendation: Use this if you're describing idle mode behavior or registration.

---

2. "The UE is visiting a RAN node, such as the eNB 206."

• Less common and not precise:
  "Visiting" implies a temporary or voluntary action, which isn't a standard term in telecommunications. It could confuse the reader unless contextually justified.
• Recommendation: Avoid this option unless you're explicitly describing UE mobility in an abstract or non-technical way.

---

3. "The UE is served by a RAN node, such as the eNB 206."

• Technically correct:
  This implies the UE is actively connected to and receiving service from the node (e.g., during a call or data session). It does not necessarily cover idle mode registration.
• Recommendation: Use this when describing an active connection.

---

4. "The UE is camping in a RAN node, such as the eNB 206."

• Unnatural phrasing:
  "Camping in" is not used in technical literature and sounds awkward. The correct term is "camped on."
• Recommendation: Avoid this phrasing.

---

5. "The UE is in the coverage of a RAN node, such as the eNB 206."

• Technically correct but vague:
  This only indicates that the UE is within the radio coverage area of the node, not whether it's registered or connected.
• Recommendation: Use this only if the focus is on physical location rather than registration or service.

---

6. "The UE is within a RAN node, such as the eNB 206."

• Unnatural phrasing:
  "Within" suggests a physical or spatial containment, which doesn't align with how nodes and UE interaction are described in telecommunications.
• Recommendation: Avoid this phrasing.

---

7. "The UE is residing on a RAN node, such as the eNB 206."

• Technically possible but uncommon:
  "Residing on" is less common but could describe a long-term registration with a node, though "camped on" is more precise and widely understood.
• Recommendation: Use only if "camped on" doesn't fit the intended tone or context.

---

Final Recommendation:

• Use "The UE is camped on a RAN node, such as the eNB 206" for idle mode registration.
• Use "The UE is served by a RAN node, such as the eNB 206" for active connections.
• Avoid other options unless describing non-standard or abstract scenarios.

すると：when, upon

サーバは、移動体から測定結果を受信すると、確認信号を移動体に送信する。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

When the server receives the measurement results from the mobile unit, it sends a confirmation signal to the mobile unit.

あなた:

How about 1. When the server has received the measurement results from the mobile unit, it sends a confirmation signal to the mobile unit. 2. When receiving the measurement results from the mobile unit, the server sends a confirmation signal to the mobile unit. 3. Upon receiving the measurement results from the mobile unit, the server sends a confirmation signal to the mobile unit. 4. When having received the measurement results from the mobile unit, the server sends a confirmation signal to the mobile unit.

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Here’s an analysis of the alternatives you provided, along with their nuances and grammatical appropriateness:

1. "When the server has received the measurement results from the mobile unit, it sends a confirmation signal to the mobile unit."

   • Grammatically correct and emphasizes the completion of the reception (perfect aspect).
   • Suitable if you want to highlight that the confirmation signal is sent only after the server has fully received the results.
   • Slightly more formal than other options.

2. "When receiving the measurement results from the mobile unit, the server sends a confirmation signal to the mobile unit."

   • Grammatically correct and emphasizes simultaneity.
   • Implies that the confirmation signal may be sent as the results are being received, not necessarily after the reception is complete.
   • Suitable for describing processes that can occur concurrently.

3. "Upon receiving the measurement results from the mobile unit, the server sends a confirmation signal to the mobile unit."

   • Grammatically correct and concise.
   • This option conveys that the action of sending the confirmation signal occurs immediately after the server receives the results.
   • Widely used in technical and formal contexts.

4. "When having received the measurement results from the mobile unit, the server sends a confirmation signal to the mobile unit."

   • Not natural in English. "When having received" is an awkward construction that’s rarely used.
   • It would be better to rephrase this as "Having received the measurement results..." or simply use one of the other options.

Recommendation:

• Use Option 1 if emphasizing the completion of reception is important.
• Use Option 2 if simultaneity is intended.
• Use Option 3 for a concise and formal tone, especially in technical writing.
• Avoid Option 4 due to its awkward phrasing.

Let me know if you'd like further refinements!

に応じて

基準信号発生部は、信号合成部からの出力信号に応じてマスタークロックを生成する。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The reference signal generation unit generates a master clock based on the output signal from the signal synthesis unit.

あなた:

How about "in accordance with", "according to", or "in response to" instead of "based on"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Each alternative—"in accordance with," "according to," and "in response to"—is valid but carries slightly different nuances. Here's a breakdown:

1. "In accordance with":

   • Implies that the master clock generation follows a specific rule or guideline defined by the output signal.
   • Formal and precise but may sound overly rigid in this context unless the generation strictly adheres to predefined rules.
   • Example:
     "The reference signal generation unit generates a master clock in accordance with the output signal from the signal synthesis unit."

2. "According to":

   • Suggests that the generation happens as directed by the output signal.
   • Slightly less formal than "in accordance with" but still appropriate.
   • Example:
     "The reference signal generation unit generates a master clock according to the output signal from the signal synthesis unit."

3. "In response to":

   • Highlights a reactive relationship, where the master clock generation occurs as a reaction to the output signal.
   • Emphasizes the causal link between the signal and the clock generation.
   • Example:
     "The reference signal generation unit generates a master clock in response to the output signal from the signal synthesis unit."

4. "Based on" (original):

   • General and versatile. Implies that the master clock generation uses the output signal as a reference or foundation.
   • Example:
     "The reference signal generation unit generates a master clock based on the output signal from the signal synthesis unit."

Recommendation:

• Use "in response to" if the focus is on the reactive nature of the process.
• Use "in accordance with" or "according to" if there’s a strict relationship or predefined rule.
• Stick with "based on" for a neutral and flexible description.

Would you like a specific nuance emphasized?

両方の端子、eachの補足

この回路は複数のコイルを有する。コイルの両方の端子のうち、一方の端子がダイオード素子に接続されている。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

This circuit includes multiple coils. Of the two terminals of each coil, one terminal is connected to a diode element.

あなた:

Is it acceptable to say "One of both terminals of the coils is connected to a diode element"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The phrase "One of both terminals of the coils" is grammatically understandable, but it is not natural or conventional in English. Here's why:

1. "Both terminals" implies that you are referring to the pair of terminals as a whole, which makes "one of both" sound contradictory.
2. The standard phrasing in English is simply "one of the two terminals" when referring to a pair.

Preferred Alternatives:

• "One of the two terminals of the coils is connected to a diode element."
  • This is clear, natural, and commonly used in technical contexts.
• "One of the terminals of each coil is connected to a diode element."
  • If you want to emphasize that this applies to each individual coil.

Recommendation:

Stick with the more natural phrasing, such as "one of the two terminals" or "one of the terminals." Would you like assistance refining the sentence further?

あなた:

Referring to your translation "One of the two terminals of the coils is connected to a diode element", is it OK to say "of the coils" instead of "of each coil"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Yes, "of the coils" is acceptable in your translation, but it depends on how the relationship between the coils and their terminals is being described:

1. "Of the coils":

   • This phrasing implies a collective perspective, where all the coils are considered as a group. It works if you want to describe a general characteristic that applies across the entire set of coils, without emphasizing individual connections.

2. "Of each coil":

   • This is more precise and emphasizes that the described connection applies individually to every coil. It avoids any ambiguity about whether you're talking about a single connection across multiple coils or connections within individual coils.

Examples for Context:

• "One of the two terminals of the coils is connected to a diode element."
  • Could be interpreted as one terminal from the entire group of coils being connected, though the intent might still be understood correctly.
• "One of the two terminals of each coil is connected to a diode element."
  • Explicitly states that this connection applies to every coil individually, eliminating ambiguity.

Recommendation:

If precision is critical, especially in technical writing, "of each coil" is better to ensure clarity. If the context already makes it clear that the statement applies to individual coils, "of the coils" is fine and natural.

実装されている

基板には温度測定抵抗が実装されている。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The board is equipped with a temperature measurement resistor.

あなた:

Can "equipped with" replaced by "mounted with"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

In this context, "equipped with" and "mounted with" are not entirely interchangeable because they emphasize different aspects:

• "Equipped with":

  • Focuses on the functionality or integration of the resistor as part of the board's design.
  • Suggests that the resistor is not just physically present but also intended for use in temperature measurement.
  • This is the more commonly used phrase for describing features in a technical context.

• "Mounted with":

  • Focuses on the physical act of attaching or placing the resistor on the board.
  • This phrase would typically be used in manufacturing or assembly contexts, where the act of physically installing the resistor is emphasized.

Revised Example with "Mounted With":

"The board is mounted with a temperature measurement resistor."
This works if the focus is on the resistor being physically attached to the board during assembly. However, it might not sound as natural if the emphasis is on the board's functionality.

Recommendation:

• Use "equipped with" to emphasize functionality and design.
• Use "mounted with" if the context is about physical attachment or assembly during manufacturing.

難分散性

EP4079537(SUMITOMO RUBBER IND [JP])
[0064] The tread rubber composition may contain additional fillers other than silica and carbon black.
【００５４】
トレッド用ゴム組成物は、シリカ、カーボンブラック以外の他のフィラー（充填材）を含んでもよい。

Examples of such additional fillers include materials known in the rubber industry, including inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, talc, alumina, clay, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, and mica, and poorly dispersible fillers.
他のフィラーとしては、炭酸カルシウム、タルク、アルミナ、クレイ、水酸化アルミニウム、酸化アルミニウム、マイカなどの無機フィラー；難分散性フィラー等のゴム分野で公知の材料を使用できる。

US11648777(CANON KK [JP])
[0003] In a liquid ejection head that ejects an ink by means of an action of heaters,
【０００２】
  ヒータの作用によってインクを吐出する液体吐出ヘッドでは、

as ink ejection is repeated, a component in the ink is heated at high temperature. This results in a phenomenon that the component turns into a substance which is difficult to dissolve or disperse, and this gets attached to the surface of an upper protection layer on each heater.
インクの吐出が繰り返されると、インク中の成分が高温で加熱されることにより、難溶解性ないしは難分散性の物質に変化し、これがヒータの上部保護層の表面に付着する現象が生ずる。

This attached substance is what is called “kogation（＊キャノンの造語）”.
この付着する物質がいわゆる「コゲ」と呼ばれるものである。

In a case where kogation is attached to and builds up on the upper protection layer, the thermal energy applied from the heater cannot be sufficiently transferred to the ink, so that the thermal energy to be applied to the ink decreases.
上部保護層にコゲが付着し堆積すると、ヒータに与えられた熱エネルギがインクに十分に伝わらず、結果としてインクに付与される熱エネルギが減少するため、

This may lead to a failure to achieve desired ejection.
所望の吐出が得られないことがある。

Such a deterioration in ejection performance may be a cause of image unevenness.
このようにして生じた吐出性の低下は、画像ムラの原因となる虞がある。

US2022093865(NISSAN CHEMICAL CORP [JP])
Also as for the method for forming the carrier blocking layer, similarly as described above,
【００７２】
  キャリアブロック層の形成方法も、上記と同様、

in a case where the carrier blocking layer material is a poorly soluble or poorly dispersible sublimable material, the various dry processes described above are selected,
キャリアブロック層材料が難溶性、難分散性昇華性材料の場合には上述した各種ドライプロセスが選択され、

and in the case of a solution material or a dispersion material, an optimum method is adopted from the various wet process methods described above, in consideration of the viscosity and surface tension of the composition, the desired thickness of the thin film, and the like.
溶液材料あるいは分散液材料の場合には、組成物の粘度と表面張力、所望する薄膜の厚さ等を考慮し、上述した各種ウェットプロセス法の中から最適なものが採用される。