質量部：parts by mass, parts by weight

What is 質量部?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

質量部 (しつりょうぶ, shitsuryou bu) typically translates to "mass part" or "part by mass", depending on the context. It is often used in technical or scientific fields to describe the proportion of a substance in terms of its mass relative to a total.

Common Uses of 質量部:

1. In Chemistry or Materials Science:

   • Refers to the mass fraction or part by weight of a component in a mixture or compound.
   • For example, if a substance has "50質量部," it means that 50 parts of its total mass consist of that component.

2. Unit Context:

   • 質量部 is a way to express proportions without specific units, where the relative quantities are scaled based on mass (e.g., "50 parts by mass of A mixed with 100 parts by mass of B").
   • It is similar to "weight fraction" or "mass ratio" in English.

Example Translation:

• 混合物中の成分Aの割合は50質量部である。
  The proportion of component A in the mixture is 50 parts by mass.

Distinction:

• 質量部 is about mass rather than volume or molar proportions. If the discussion is about volume, terms like 体積部 (volume part) are used instead.

Would you like an example in a specific context?

あなた:

Are "parts by mass" and "parts by weight" the same?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

"Parts by mass" and "parts by weight" are often used interchangeably in many contexts, but technically, they are not always the same. The distinction depends on the level of precision required and the context in which they are used.

1. When They Are the Same:

In most practical applications, particularly at the Earth's surface, weight and mass are treated as equivalent because the gravitational force is consistent. For example:

• In recipes, material mixing, and general engineering, parts by mass and parts by weight are considered synonymous.

2. When They Differ:

The distinction arises from physics:

• Mass: An intrinsic property of matter, independent of gravity. Measured in kilograms (kg) or grams (g).
• Weight: The force exerted by gravity on a mass. Measured in newtons (N) but often approximated using mass units due to Earth's constant gravity.

In contexts where gravity varies (e.g., in space or other planets), mass remains constant, but weight changes. For high-precision scientific work:

• "Parts by mass" should be used when the actual quantity of matter is the focus.
• "Parts by weight" could lead to inaccuracies due to variations in gravitational force.

Practical Advice:

• Use "parts by mass" in scientific, technical, or standardized contexts to ensure clarity and precision.
• Use "parts by weight" in informal or less precise situations where gravitational variations are irrelevant.

Would you like further clarification or specific examples?

存在：present, exist, located

水中に存在する無線通信装置

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

A wireless communication device located underwater.

あなた:

How about "A wireless communication device existing underwater"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

"A wireless communication device existing underwater" is grammatically correct, but it sounds less natural than "located underwater." Here's why:

1. "Existing underwater":

   • Feels slightly redundant because "existence" is implied when describing an underwater device.
   • It might be more suitable in philosophical or abstract contexts rather than technical or practical descriptions.

2. "Located underwater":

   • Direct and commonly used in technical contexts to describe the physical presence of something in a specific location.

Suggested Refinements:

• "A wireless communication device positioned underwater."
  (Focuses on placement, suitable for technical descriptions.)
• "A wireless communication device designed for underwater use."
  (Highlights purpose and context of use.)

If simplicity is key, "located underwater" is the most natural choice for general contexts.

不具合

エッチングによる基板の不具合を防止することができる絶縁フィルム

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

An insulating film capable of preventing defects in the substrate caused by etching.

あなた:

How about "problems", "failures", "troubles" for 不具合 instead of "defects"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Each alternative—"problems," "failures," and "troubles"—can be used depending on the context, but they convey slightly different nuances compared to "defects." Here's an analysis:

1. "Defects"

• Commonly used in technical and manufacturing contexts.
• Implies a specific flaw or imperfection in the substrate that affects its functionality or quality.
• Best choice if physical or structural issues are being discussed.

2. "Problems"

• Broader and more general.
• Could refer to any issues, not limited to physical defects—e.g., performance issues, compatibility, or processing difficulties.
• Suitable for contexts where the nature of the issues is not strictly defined.

3. "Failures"

• Stronger implication than "defects."
• Suggests the substrate does not perform its intended function or fails to meet necessary criteria.
• Best if the focus is on functional breakdowns rather than physical flaws.

4. "Troubles"

• Less formal and less commonly used in technical contexts.
• Implies inconvenience or minor issues but lacks the precision needed in technical writing.
• Not ideal for professional or patent-related texts.

Suggested Usage:

If the context involves physical or structural flaws, "defects" remains the most precise choice. If the issues are more general or involve broader concerns, "problems" could work well. For instance:

• "An insulating film capable of preventing defects in the substrate caused by etching."
  (Precise and technical)

• "An insulating film capable of preventing problems in the substrate caused by etching."
  (Broader and general)

Choose based on the intended level of specificity and formality.

荷電粒子ビーム描画

US11592802(D2S INC [US])
[0029] Referring now to the drawings, wherein like numbers refer to like items,
【００１７】
  ここでは、同様の番号が同様の物品を指す図面を参照して、

FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a lithography system, such as a charged particle beam writer system, in this case an electron beam writer system 100 , that employs a variable shaped beam (VSB) to manufacture a surface 112 .
図１は、表面１１２を製造するために可変整形ビーム（ＶＳＢ）を用いる、荷電粒子ビーム描画装置システム、この場合は電子ビーム描画装置システム１００などのリソグラフィシステムの一実施形態を示す。

The electron beam writer system 100 has an electron beam source 114 that projects an electron beam 116 toward an aperture plate 118 . 
電子ビーム描画装置システム１００は、電子ビーム１１６をアパーチャプレート１１８に向けて投射する電子ビーム源１１４を含む。

US2014192334(PINEBROOK IMAGING INC [US])
[0112] FIG. 26 illustrates an exemplary implementation of a multiple charged-particle beam imaging unit according to embodiments of the present invention.
【００６９】
［０１１２］  図２６は、本発明の実施形態による、多重荷電粒子ビーム描画ユニットの例示的な実装を図解している。

According to aspects of the present disclosure, a SLM imaging unit as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 6, or FIG. 17 
本開示の態様によれば、図２、図６、又は図１７に示すようにＳＬＭ描画ユニットは、

may be modified to form a multiple charged-particle beam (MCB) imaging unit as shown in FIG. 26, which may then be used to as a unit in an array of MCB imaging units similar to the array of SLM imaging units as shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 8, FIG. 15, and FIG. 16.
図２６に示す多重荷電粒子ビーム（ＭＣＢ）描画ユニットを形成するように修正可能で、図７、図８、図１５、及び図１６に示すようにＳＬＭ描画ユニットのアレイと同様のＭＣＢ描画ユニットのアレイ中の１つユニットとして使用されうる。

In one embodiment, the MCB imaging unit 2600 may include an electron source, a programmable aperture plate, a blanking plate, electron beam projection optics.
一実施形態では、ＭＣＢ描画ユニット２６００は、電子源、プログラマブル開口部プレート、ブランキングプレート、電子ビーム投影光学系を含みうる。

The electron beam projection optics may include electrostatic multi-electrode accelerating lenses, a first set of magnetic lenses, a stopping plate, a beam steering multiple, and a second set of magnetic lenses. The MCB imaging unit may optionally include a resist coated mask blank.
電子ビーム投影光学系は、静電多重電極加速レンズ、磁気レンズの第１組、停止プレート、ビームステアリング多端子、磁気レンズの第２組を含みうる。ＭＣＢ描画ユニットは、オプションによりレジスト被覆マスクブランクを含みうる。

 

荷電粒子ビーム描画装置

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Charged particle beam drawing apparatus

一般的な意味での特性は無冠詞

Translate: 本発明は高い耐熱性を有する基板を提供することを課題とする。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The present invention aims to provide a substrate with high heat resistance.

あなた:

Why "with high heat resistance" and not "with a high heat resistance"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The phrase "with high heat resistance" is preferred here because "heat resistance" is typically treated as a non-countable or unquantifiable property. When describing such properties, we generally omit the article ("a") unless we are referring to a specific level or measure of the property.

For example:

1. "With high heat resistance" emphasizes the general characteristic of having the property of being resistant to heat at a high level.
2. "With a high heat resistance" might suggest a specific, measurable level or instance of heat resistance, which is less common in general descriptions unless quantification or comparison is involved.

In this case, "with high heat resistance" is the more natural and widely used phrasing for a general characteristic.

あなた:

Translate: この基板は、引張強さが１００ＭＰａ以上である。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

This substrate has a tensile strength of 100 MPa or more.

あなた:

Why "a tensile strength" and not just "tensile strength"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

In this case, "a tensile strength" is used because "tensile strength" is treated as a measurable property, and the phrase implies a specific value or range of tensile strength. Here's the distinction:

1. "A tensile strength": This usage is common when referring to a specific value or measurable property, such as "a tensile strength of 100 MPa." It frames "tensile strength" as a distinct attribute that can be quantified.

2. "Tensile strength" (without an article): This is often used in general discussions about the concept or property itself, without tying it to a specific measurement (e.g., "Tensile strength is important in material design.").

In your sentence, since you're discussing a measurable attribute of the substrate ("100 MPa or more"), the indefinite article "a" is appropriate.

あなた:

Translate: 本発明の基板は、１０００度に耐える高い耐熱性を有する。

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

The substrate of the present invention has high heat resistance, withstanding temperatures of up to 1000 degrees.

あなた:

How about 1. The substrate of the present invention has a high heat resistance to temperatures of up to 1000 degrees. 2. The substrate of the present invention has a high heat resistance to up to 1000 degrees. 3. The substrate of the present invention has high heat resistance to withstand temperatures of up to 1000 degrees.

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

Here's an evaluation of your options:

1. "The substrate of the present invention has a high heat resistance to temperatures of up to 1000 degrees."

   • This sentence is grammatically correct and conveys the intended meaning. However, "to temperatures of up to 1000 degrees" could sound slightly redundant because "resistance to" already implies tolerance of temperatures.

2. "The substrate of the present invention has a high heat resistance to up to 1000 degrees."

   • This phrasing feels awkward because "resistance to up to" creates a repetition of "up to," making it less smooth. It's better to rephrase for clarity.

3. "The substrate of the present invention has high heat resistance to withstand temperatures of up to 1000 degrees."

   • This sentence is less ideal because "resistance" and "to withstand" are somewhat redundant. "Resistance" already implies the capability to tolerate or withstand something, so including "to withstand" feels unnecessary.

Suggested Option

For clarity and natural flow, a more concise version would be:

• "The substrate of the present invention has high heat resistance, tolerating temperatures of up to 1000 degrees."

This avoids redundancy and keeps the sentence precise and professional.

あなた:

How about "The substrate of the present invention has a high heat resistance to 1000 degrees"?

ChatGPT:

ChatGPT

"The substrate of the present invention has a high heat resistance to 1000 degrees" is grammatically correct and clear. If the substrate’s resistance stops at 1000 degrees, this sentence is precise and appropriate.

から偏心

US2022388888(CORNING INC [US])
[0081] The glass tube loading turret 110 is positioned above the main turret 108 .
【００６５】
  ガラス管装填ターレット１１０は主ターレット１０８の上方に配置されている。

In embodiments, the glass tube loading turret 110 may be offset from the central axis A of the main turret 108 . 
複数の実施形態において、ガラス管装填ターレット１１０を、主ターレット１０８の中心軸Ａから偏心させることができる。

WO2022240779(BOSTON SCIENT SCIMED INC [US])
In the second configuration, the elongate member may form a first retention member and a second retention member with a middle segment extending therebetween.
【００１７】
  第２の構成における細長い本体は、少なくとも１つの近位周縁ループと少なくとも１つの遠位周縁ループとの間に延在する、実質的に直線状の中間セグメントを備えていてよい。

The middle segment may be offset from a central region of an area circumscribed by the first and second retention members. 
実質的に直線状の中間セグメントは、第２の構成において細長い本体を通って延びる中心軸から偏心していてよい。

WO2018160886(OUSTER INC [US])
[0337] Detector arrangements 3170 and 3130 are off-center from the angle that is directly pointing at light source 3105.
【０３０３】
  検出器配置３１７０および３１３０は、光源３１０５に直接向かう角度から偏心している。

As examples, these angles can differ from that for detector arrangement 3120 by 0.1°, 0.2°, 0.3°, 0.4°, or 0.5° 
例として、これらの角度は、検出器配置３１２０の角度から０．１°、０．２°、０．３°、０．４°、または０．５°異なり得る。

US11852318(APPLE INC [US])
The decentered lens array 590 includes a group of lenses that are decentered from a common axis respective to each lens in the array and which may steer the light toward the diffusing element 535 .
偏心レンズアレイ５９０は、アレイ内の各レンズのそれぞれの共通軸から偏心され、光を拡散要素５３５に向かってステアリングし得る、レンズの群を含む。

日本一はどこだ？

洞窟か、戦時中の地下指揮本部のような地下、仕事かライブの後地上へ向かう狭い階段を上る、人多めで邪魔、１階のオフィス、明るい、残業している、何かの説明会、特許中間処理か何かの講習会、自分よく分からない、終わりタイムカードを押したいが初めてで分からない、まごついていると昔の彼女が「知らないの？ここだよ」呆れ顔、「ああ、そうなんだ。ありがとう」彼女の視線を感じる、（まだ脈があるかな？）

外歩く、夕暮れか夜、「日本一はどこだ！？」何度も叫びながら。

 

分析：先週末、東京に来た広島の友人と３０年ぶりに再会し、地下のライブ会場に行った。昔、特許事務所で中間処理等の講習会がよくあった。１９８８年大学入学時、将来の自分像に関し「翻訳界で名を馳せる」と自己紹介文に書いた。３０年前の彼女はどうしているかたまに思い出す。それにしても自分の夢には「階段」や「上下移動」がよく出てくる。