今年の新語・流行語大賞はワンチームが選ばれましたが、英英辞書のMerriam-Websterが選んだWords of the Year 2019は "they" でした。えっ!と思いますね。それには理由があるのです。英語で人を指す場合、he/she, Mr/Mrs, Sir/Madamなどの様に性別が付きまといます。日本語のあの人とか~さんは男女の区別なく使えますが、英語では単数で男女の区別なく使える単語がありませんでした。そこで "they" を単数でも使用する様になって来たという状況があるそうです。
Merriam-Websterの "they" には次の説明が加わりました。
—used to refer to a single person whose gender is intentionally not revealed: A student was found with a knife and a BB gun in their backpack Monday, district spokeswoman Renee Murphy confirmed. The student, whose name has not been released, will be disciplined according to district policies, Murphy said. They also face charges from outside law enforcement, she said.
—used to refer to a single person whose gender identity is nonbinary (see nonbinary sense c): I knew certain things about … the person I was interviewing.… They had adopted their gender-neutral name a few years ago, when they began to consciously identify as nonbinary — that is, neither male nor female. They were in their late 20s, working as an event planner, applying to graduate school.
上の説明に出てきた "nonbinary" を今日は覚えたいと思います。
・Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary: relating to or being a person who identifies with or expresses a gender identity that is neither entirely male nor entirely female: … an effort to create more equality for nonbinary and transgender students across campus.