以前 bling,Blinglish について書きましたが、"bling" は形容詞・動詞にもなった様です。
USBの宣伝サイトで見た説明文
If you are looking for a USB drive that has more bling bling than a simple black or silver flash drive can deliver Philips & Swarovski are building a flash drive just for you. (中略)
If the blinged out design catches your eye, the price may catch your breath at slightly over $200 per drive.
"blinged out" で検索する(googled)とiPodの宣伝文句、Macworld: Blinged out iPhone Cases も在りました。
A dictionary of Slangによる "bling up" の説明は: Verb. To make showy and visually ostentatious. E.g."I blinged up my car so that I'd get some female attention." とありました。
ミトコンドリアが身体の中でエネルギー発生に関わっている事は知っていましたが、ミトコンドリアが細胞内に共生することにより生物の驚異的な進化が始まり、性の起源、老化の原因に全て関係しているとは驚きです。
ところで日本語ではミトコンドリアと言いますが英語では "mitochondria" をマイトコンドリアと発音する様です。(アクセントは単複共 "chon" にあります。)また、"mitochondria" は複数形で単数形は "mitochondrion" である事をオンラインのMerriam-Websterで確認しました。Merriam-Websterの "mitochondria" の説明です:
any of various round or long cellular organelles of most eukaryotes that are found outside the nucleus, produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration, and are rich in fats, proteins, and enzymes
この説明にあるorganelles 細胞小器官、eukaryotes 真核生物などの単語は日本語でも普通は使わない単語なのでこの手の本は中々とっつき難いのですが、「ミトコンドリアが進化を決めた」はお薦めの本です。
前の職場は法務部だったのですが、その前は主にマーケティングの仕事をしていました。と言ってもマーケティングの勉強をした事がある訳でもないし、日本の会社ですから部門名にマーケティングが付いている訳でもありません。外資系や大企業とは違ってマーケティングの専門部門ではなく営業部の中でマーケティングをしていたのですが、やり方はそれまでの営業経験に基づいた方法で行うマーケティングです。以前英会話サークルEC88の中のマーケティング・グループに入っていましてEssentials Of Marketingと言う米国の大学生が使うマーケティングの基礎テキストでマーケティングの基礎を勉強する機会がありましたので今では一応マーケティングの基本的な事は知っているつもりです。(EC88/TMSリーダーのHさん、お世話になりました。私は今はほとんど顔を出しませんが、EC88/TMSは現在でも毎週金曜の夜勉強会を開いています。興味のある方はこのマーケティング・グループにリンクを貼ってあるのでそちらを見てください。)
前置きが長くなりましたが、最近目にした新しいマーケティング用語がありましたので紹介します。
"viral marketing":
The Six Simple Principles of Viral Marketing からの引用です。
Viral Marketing Defined
What does a virus have to do with marketing? Viral marketing describes any strategy that encourages individuals to pass on a marketing message to others, creating the potential for exponential growth in the message's exposure and influence. Like viruses, such strategies take advantage of rapid multiplication to explode the message to thousands, to millions.
口コミが思い浮かびますね。
Off the Internet, viral marketing has been referred to as "word-of-mouth," "creating a buzz," "leveraging the media," "network marketing." But on the Internet, for better or worse, it's called "viral marketing." While others smarter than I have attempted to rename it, to somehow domesticate and tame it, I won't try. The term "viral marketing" has stuck.
やっぱり、昔は日本ではマーケティングなる言葉はなかったけれど、商売・営業でマーケティングはしていました。米国人は色々な事を体系づけたり、新語をつくるのに長けていますね。
以下はそのメルマガからの引用です。
Scare quotes: Apart from indicating borrowed words, quotation marks also highlight the paradoxical use of some words. A word or phrase is sometimes enclosed in quotation marks for emphasizing that those words don't actually mean what they say. Quotation marks used in this way are known as scare quotes.
Example: 1) Soon medical experts realized that penicillin, the “wonder drug,” could not really cure every known infection.
The phrase “wonder drug” is in quotation marks to indicate that penicillin was not truly a wonder drug. The quotation marks highlight the contrast.
ところが私が持っている電子辞書のジーニアスにもリーダーズにも "Scare quotes" は出てなかったのでオンライン辞書でもチェックして見ました。
Dictionary.com
Either of a pair of quotation marks used to emphasize a word or phrase or to indicate its special status, especially to express doubt about its validity or to criticize its use.
OneLook Quick Definition
the use of quotation marks to indicate that it is not the authors preferred terminology
オンライン辞書検索のOneLookでは最初に出てくるOxfordとかMerriam-Webster等はリストに表れませんでしたが、上の例で示すようにメージャーではない(オンライン辞書のみの辞書)10の辞書が検索結果にありました。
ロングマン
according to what you say publicly, even though this may not be true
Example: Officially, Carter resigned, but everyone knows he was fired.
Dictionary.com
officially: according to what is announced publicly (though not necessarily true in fact)
Example: Officially he is on holiday ? actually he is working on a new book.
建前と同じ、もしくは近い意味で使っていますよね。
"hit the ground running"の表現を電子辞書ロングマンで見ると:
hit the ground running: to start doing something successfully without any delay
example: If we can hit the ground running we'll stay ahead of the competition.
と書いてありました。ついでのオンライン辞書のTheFreeDictionaryを見ると:
1) to immediately work very hard and successfully at a new activity.
example: If elected, they promise to hit the ground running in their first few weeks of office.
2) to be ready to work immediately on a new activity.
example: His previous experience will allow him to hit the ground running when he takes over the Commerce Department.
私もこれらの例文の様になっていたらなと思いますが、前職の4年間は法務部で主に契約関係の仕事をしていたので "hit the ground running" となる訳はないのが当たり前でしょう、むしろ、就職できたのが不思議な位です。
A couple had two little boys, ages 8 and 10, who were excessively mischievous. They were always getting into trouble and their parents knew that, if any mischief occurred in their town, their sons were probably involved.
They boys' mother heard that a clergyman in town had been successful in disciplining children, so she asked if he would speak with her boys. The clergyman agreed, but asked to see them individually. So the mother sent her 8-year-old first, in the morning, with the older boy to see the clergyman in the afternoon.
The clergyman, a huge man with a booming voice, sat the younger boy down and asked him sternly, "Where is God?".
They boy's mouth dropped open, but he made no response, sitting there with his mouth hanging open, wide-eyed. So the clergyman repeated the question in an even sterner tone, "Where is God!!?" Again the boy made no attempt to answer. So the clergyman raised his voice even more and shook his finger in the boy's face and bellowed, "WHERE IS GOD!?"
The boy screamed and bolted from the room, ran directly home and dove into his closet, slamming the door behind him. When his older brother found him in the closet, he asked, "What happened?"
The younger brother, gasping for breath, replied, "We are in BIG trouble this time, dude. God is missing - and they think WE did it!"
さて、RDの"Life's like that" という読者の投書コーナーに愉快な話がありましたので紹介します。
During a home renovation, my grandfather was watching me drive in nails. "You hammer like lightning," he said.
"Really?" I asked.
"Yes, you never strike the same place twice."
確かに雷は同じ所には落ちない様ですね。 お祖父さんは "Your fingers are all thumbs." とけなさないところが素晴らしいですね。
閑話休題、ここから英語の話題です。"…"あるいは"..." が省略記号である事は知っていましたが、これを "ellipsis" と呼ぶのは知りませんでした。週に一回程度配信されるメルマガ、ネイティブ英語塾の最近号でこの "ellipsis" の正しい使用法の解説がありました。
1) Ellipsis indicates omission in quoted material:(例)It's all so pointless … I could be spending all this time learning to fly. There's so much to learn!
(例)It's all so pointless.... I could be spending all this time learning to fly.
(注)Remember: In English, you should not use more than four ellipsis points.
2) Ellipsis indicates missing numbers:(例)In the above equations, f represents a set of all natural numbers up to 50, i.e., 1, 2, 3 … 50.
3) Ellipsis indicates pause:(例)Victor, I … this … your application has been rejected.
ネイティブ英語塾は正しい英語の書き方(口語ではなく)を説明してくれるメルマガで、私は英語を書くことはまずないのですが、文法が苦手な私には勉強になる内容が多いので(もちろん無料)購読しています。
解答: 1) charges 2) showers 3) rackets
問題3)は解答を見ても Tennis player が使うracketsしか知らなかったので分かりません。そこで rackets を辞書で引くと(今回はdictionary.comからの引用です):
1. a loud noise or clamor, esp. of a disturbing or confusing kind; din; uproar: The traffic made a terrible racket in the street below.
2. social excitement, gaiety, or dissipation.
3. an organized illegal activity, such as bootlegging or the extortion of money from legitimate business people by threat or violence.
4. a dishonest scheme, trick, business, activity, etc.: the latest weight-reducing racket.
5. Usually, the rackets. organized illegal activities: Some say that the revenue from legalized gambling supports the rackets.
なるほど、1、2はnoisy partyに 3、4、もMafia ringに関係しますが、5はMafia ringそのものですね。