English Collection

日頃目に付いた覚えたい英単語、慣用句などの表現についてのメモです。

arrested for battery

2021年06月13日 | 英単語
電池で動くウサギの話です。
Reader's Digest 4月号の記事 "LAUGHTER The Best Medicine" から引用します。

Did you hear about the Energizer Bunny?
He got arrested for battery.
コメント
  • X
  • Facebookでシェアする
  • はてなブックマークに追加する
  • LINEでシェアする

deer-crossing sign

2021年06月12日 | 英単語
Reader's Digest 4月号の記事 "All in a Day's WORK" からの引用です。

I gave a presentation to a small town as part of my role with North Carolina's department of transportation. At the end, I asked whether there were any questions. There was.
"Can we move the deer-crossing sign on the state-owned road?" asked a councilperson.
"Why?" I asked.
"That location isn't a safe place for the deer to cross."

この市会議員さんは鹿目線が出来る方ですね。
コメント
  • X
  • Facebookでシェアする
  • はてなブックマークに追加する
  • LINEでシェアする

What is hard water?

2021年06月10日 | 英単語
Reader's Digest 4月号の記事 "All in a Day's WORK" からの引用です。

The science test question asked:
What is hard water?
The student's answer: Ice.

テストの質問は日本語では硬水とはですね。英英辞書で "hard water" の説明を見ます。
・Vocabulary.comy: water that contains mineral salts (as calcium and magnesium ions) that limit the formation of lather with soap
・Wiktionary: Water with a high concentration of dissolved minerals, especially calcium, making it difficult to lather with soap.

この手の説明は辞書より百科事典の方が詳しいのでWikipediaを見ます。

Hard water is water that has high mineral content (in contrast with "soft water"). Hard water is formed when water percolates through deposits of limestone, chalk or gypsum which are largely made up of calcium and magnesium carbonates, bicarbonates and sulfates.
Hard drinking water may have moderate health benefits. It can pose critical problems in industrial settings, where water hardness is monitored to avoid costly breakdowns in boilers, cooling towers, and other equipment that handles water. In domestic settings, hard water is often indicated by a lack of foam formation when soap is agitated in water, and by the formation of limescale in kettles and water heaters. Wherever water hardness is a concern, water softening is commonly used to reduce hard water's adverse effects.
コメント
  • X
  • Facebookでシェアする
  • はてなブックマークに追加する
  • LINEでシェアする

bay

2021年06月09日 | 英単語
Reader's Digest 4月号の記事 "From Car Doc to People Doc" からの引用です。

Carl Allamby had a problem. It was his auto-repair business. He'd started it at the tender age of 19, working alone out of a rented bay in a friend's garage. Over the years it had grown into two shops with 11 employees, but Allamby had become antsy, yearning for something more.

"bay" に湾の他にも出窓の意味がある事は知っていますが、ここではガラージの中の "bay" なので、何でしょうか?

・Oxford English Dictionary: An area allocated or marked off for a specified purpose.: a loading bay
・Collins English Dictionary: A bay is a partly enclosed area, inside or outside a building, that is used for a particular purpose.: The animals are herded into a bay, then led into the barn.
・Cambridge English Dictionary: a partly surrounded or marked space: UK Visitors must park their cars in the marked bays; a partly enclosed space: A truck in the loading bay is blocking my car.
コメント
  • X
  • Facebookでシェアする
  • はてなブックマークに追加する
  • LINEでシェアする

holding court

2021年06月08日 | 英単語
Reader's Digest 4月号の記事 "Life in these United States" からの引用です。

I had to rethink where I ranked in my familiy's hierarchy when my sister and I found our dad holding court amid friends at a party.
"Oh, gentlemen," he said, pointing to my sister. "Let me introduce you to my daughter Terri. And this," he said, motioning to me, "is my daughter Terri's sister, Gayle."

熟語の様な "holding court" の意味を調べます。

・Oxford English Dictionary: Be the center of attention amidst a crowd of one's admirers.: Lewis was holding court in the small dressing room.
・Collins English Dictionary: to preside over admirers, attendants, etc: She used to hold court in the college canteen with a host of admirers who hung on her every word.
・Cambridge English Dictionary: to receive a lot of attention from other people who stand or sit around you to listen, especially on a social occasion: Patrick is holding court at the end table.
コメント
  • X
  • Facebookでシェアする
  • はてなブックマークに追加する
  • LINEでシェアする

decoction

2021年06月07日 | 英単語
Isabella Birdは北海道に渡り、アイヌの家に泊まり、アイヌの生活を体験しています。

They are universally tattooed, not only with the broad band above and below the mouth, but with a band across the knuckles, succeeded by an elaborate pattern on the back of the hand, and a series of bracelets extending to the elbow. The process of disfigurement begins at the age of five, when some of the sufferers are yet unweaned. I saw the operation performed on a dear little bright girl this morning. A woman took a large knife with a sharp edge, and rapidly cut several horizontal lines on the upper lip, following closely the curve of the very pretty mouth, and before the slight bleeding had ceased carefully rubbed in some of the shiny soot which collects on the mat above the fire. In two or three days the scarred lip will be washed with the decoction of the bark of a tree to fix the pattern, and give it that blue look which makes many people mistake it for a daub of paint. A child who had this second process performed yesterday has her lip fearfully swollen and inflamed. The latest victim held her hands clasped tightly together while the cuts were inflicted, but never cried.

最近では世界的にも入れ墨をしているが特に若い人に多いようですが、アイヌの人は入れ墨の文化があったのですね。 ところで、"decoction" の意味を調べます。

・Oxford English Dictionary: The liquor resulting from concentrating the essence of a substance by heating or boiling, especially a medicinal preparation made from a plant.: You may simmer tougher herbal roots and barks to make them into decoctions, another form of water extract.
・Collins English Dictionary: the extraction of the water-soluble substances of a drug or medicinal plants by boiling: Boil the leaves in water and drink the resulting decoction.
コメント
  • X
  • Facebookでシェアする
  • はてなブックマークに追加する
  • LINEでシェアする

Which side are you on?

2021年06月06日 | 英単語
Reader's Digest 4月号の記事 "Life in these United States" からの引用です。

It was my wedding day, and no one was happier than my 78-year-old mother. But as she approached the church doors, an usher asked, "Which side are you on?"
"Oh, no," she said. "Are they fighting already?"

ずいぶん早とちりの母ですね。
コメント
  • X
  • Facebookでシェアする
  • はてなブックマークに追加する
  • LINEでシェアする

ragweed

2021年06月03日 | 英単語
Isabella Birdの "Unbeaten Tracks in Japan" を読んでいます。
We took three horses and a mounted Aino guide, and found a beaten track the whole way. It turns into the forest at once on leaving Sarufuto, and goes through forest the entire distance, with an abundance of reedy grass higher than my hat on horseback along it, and as it is only twelve inches broad and much overgrown, the horses were constantly pushing through leafage soaking from a night’s rain, and I was soon wet up to my shoulders. The forest trees are almost solely the Ailanthus glandulosus and the Zelkowa keaki, often matted together with a white-flowered trailer of the Hydrangea genus. The undergrowth is simply hideous, consisting mainly of coarse reedy grass, monstrous docks, the large-leaved Polygonum cuspidatum, several umbelliferous plants, and a “ragweed,” which, like most of its gawkv fellows, grows from five to six feet high. The forest is dark and very silent, threaded by this narrow path, and by others as narrow, made by the hunters in search of game. The “ main road ” sometimes plunges into deep bogs, at others is roughly corduroyed by the roots of trees, and frequently hangs over the edge of abrupt and much-worn declivities, in going up one of which the baggage-horse rolled down a bank fully thirty feet high, and nearly all the tea was lost. At another the guide’s pack-saddle lost its balance, and man, horse, and saddle went over the slope, pots, pans, and packages flying after them.

Isabella Birdは植物にも詳しいですね。学名の植物はとうてい覚えられませんが、通称名らしい "ragweed" は覚えたい。辞書の説明を見ます。
・Oxford English Dictionary: A North American plant of the daisy family. Its tiny green flowers produce copious amounts of pollen, making it a major causative agent of hay fever in some areas.: People who have known sensitivities to ragweed may experience reactions to chamomile and should use caution.

・Collins Dictionary: Ragweed is a plant, found mainly in North America, that produces large amounts of pollen, which causes hay fever.: ...an allergic reaction to a particular type of ragweed

昔から花粉症に悩まされていて、四十年以上前ですが、医者から原因はセイタカアワダチソウだと言われましたが、最近の説ではセイタカアワダチソウは花粉症の原因にはなり難く、ブタクサ(つまり “ragweed”)だった可能性が高い。 しかし幸いなことに、十年程前から不思議なことに花粉症(そして喘息も)は出なくなったのです。
コメント
  • X
  • Facebookでシェアする
  • はてなブックマークに追加する
  • LINEでシェアする

fiat

2021年06月02日 | 英単語
Isabella Birdが明治10年に日本の奥地、"Unbeaten Tracks in Japan" を旅しますが、その時に見た子供達がイギリスの子供達と違うことに気が付いています。

I am very fond of Japanese children. I have never yet heard a baby cry, and I have never seen a child troublesome or disobedient. Filial piety is the leading virtue in Japan, and unquestioning obedience is the habit of centuries. The arts and threats by which English mothers cajole or frighten children into unwilling obedience appear unknown. I admire the way in which children are taught to be independent in their amusements. Part of the home education is the learning of the rules of the different games, which are absolute, and when there is a doubt, instead of a quarrelsome suspension of the game, the fiat of a senior child decides the matter. They play by themselves, and don’t bother adults at every turn. I usually carry sweeties with me, and give them to the children, but not one has ever received them without first obtaining permission from the father or mother. When that is gained, they smile and bow profoundly, and hand the sweeties to those present before eating any themselves. They are gentle creatures, but too formal and precocious.

昔の子供は現在の日本の子供とも違いますね。
"fiat of a senior child" の "fiat" は過去に "fiat money" (8/13/2007)と "fiat lux" (4/22/2008)を取り上げていますが、ここの "fiat" は 5/25/2008に取り上げた "fiat" に近い意味ですね。

・Oxford English Dictionary: An arbitrary order.: In the United States, emergency room service works by queuing, the allocation of scarce vaccine is by bureaucratic fiat.
・Cambridge English Dictionary: the giving of orders by someone who has complete authority: The general ruled by fiat for eight years after seizing power.
コメント
  • X
  • Facebookでシェアする
  • はてなブックマークに追加する
  • LINEでシェアする

reticulated python

2021年06月01日 | 英単語
先日、飼っていた大蛇が逃げたニュースがありましたが、それを報じるThe Japan Times(May 23)の記事から引用します。

Two-week snake search comes to end: Python found in Yokohama
The reticulated python, a species considered to be one of the world's largest snakes, was found in the attic of the apartment at around 4:45 ...

pythonを形容している "reticulated" を辞書で調べます。
・Oxford English Dictionary: Constructed, arranged, or marked like a net or network.: ‘In Arizona, it is illegal for an individual to own a reticulated Gila monster, but not in California, where the reticulated variety is not resident.’
・Cambridge English Dictionary: arranged or having a pattern like a net of lines and squares, or a structure of pipes and wires: leaves with a reticulate vein structure
次の辞書は "reticulate" の形だけの項目がありました。
・Collins English Dictionary: in the form of a network or having a network of parts: a reticulate leaf
コメント
  • X
  • Facebookでシェアする
  • はてなブックマークに追加する
  • LINEでシェアする