English Collection

日頃目に付いた覚えたい英単語、慣用句などの表現についてのメモです。

representative money

2008年04月06日 | 英語学習

前に"fiat money"(不兌換紙幣)の事を書きましたが、その"fiat money" の反対の兌換紙幣を英語を何て言うのか疑問に思っていましたが、ESUJの常務理事S.M.(米国人)さんから "representative money" だと教わりました。
Wikipediaに書かれている "representative money" の説明です。 
Representative money refers to money that consists of token coins, other physical tokens such as certificates, and even non-physical "digital certificates" (authenticated digital transactions) that can be reliably exchanged for a fixed quantity of a commodity such as gold, silver or potentially water, oil or food. Representative money thus stands in direct and fixed relation to the commodity which backs it.
同じくWikipediaの"fiat money" の項には次ぎの説明があります。
The taxing government's choice of the form or origin of money it accepts may be somewhat arbitrary but the unifying feature of all fiat money is that whatever form or origin, the market demand for it is dominated by the taxing government's demand for it in payment of taxes. For example, a coin may be considered fiat currency if its face value -- the value it has in payment of taxes -- is higher than its market value as metal. The term “fiat” money has been used to distinguish such money from representative money, which is pegged or fixed to a quantity or mass of precious metal. While representative money is often associated with a legal requirement that the bank of issue pay in fixed weights of a given precious metal or (in theory) fixed amount of any other precious good, fiat money's value is fixed only to its value in transactions controlled by government authority, such as taxation.
と言うわけで、"fiat money"と"representative money" をやっとセットで憶えられそうです。

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