Yuval Noah Harariの "Homo Deus" を読んでいます。
Other religions, particularly Jainism, Buddhism and Hinduism, have demonstrated even greater empathy to animals. They emphasise the connection between humans and the rest of the ecosystem, and their foremost ethical commandment has been to avoid killing and living being. Whereas the biblical 'Thou shalt not kill' covered only humans, the ancient Indian principle of ahimsa (non-violence) extends to every sentient being.
"sentient" は "sense" の親戚のようですが、"sentient being" を感覚を備えた生物とすると虫や微生物でも何らかのセンサーを持っているので、ここでは多分合いませんね。
"sentient" を辞書でみます。
・Oxford English Dictionary: Able to perceive or feel things.: she had been instructed from birth in the equality of all sentient life forms
・Collins Dictionary: A sentient being is capable of experiencing things through its senses.: sentient creatures human and nonhuman alike
・Cambridge English Dictionary: able to experience feelings: It is hard for a sentient person to understand how any parents could treat their child so badly.
日本語の感情に近い意味でしょうか？
Wikipediaには次の説明があります。（抜粋）
In modern Western philosophy, sentience is the ability to experience sensations (known in philosophy of mind as "qualia"). In Eastern philosophy, sentience is a metaphysical quality of all things that require respect and care.
...
Sponges, placozoans, and mesozoans, with simple body plans and no nervous system, are the only members of the animal kingdom that possess no sentience.
...
In 1997 the concept of animal sentience was written into the basic law of the European Union. The legally binding protocol annexed to the Treaty of Amsterdam recognises that animals are "sentient beings", and requires the EU and its member states to "pay full regard to the welfare requirements of animals".
The laws of several states include certain invertebrates such as cephalopods (octopuses, squids) and decapod crustaceans (lobsters, crabs) in the scope of animal protection laws, implying that these animals are also judged capable of experiencing pain and suffering.
Other religions, particularly Jainism, Buddhism and Hinduism, have demonstrated even greater empathy to animals. They emphasise the connection between humans and the rest of the ecosystem, and their foremost ethical commandment has been to avoid killing and living being. Whereas the biblical 'Thou shalt not kill' covered only humans, the ancient Indian principle of ahimsa (non-violence) extends to every sentient being.
"sentient" は "sense" の親戚のようですが、"sentient being" を感覚を備えた生物とすると虫や微生物でも何らかのセンサーを持っているので、ここでは多分合いませんね。
"sentient" を辞書でみます。
・Oxford English Dictionary: Able to perceive or feel things.: she had been instructed from birth in the equality of all sentient life forms
・Collins Dictionary: A sentient being is capable of experiencing things through its senses.: sentient creatures human and nonhuman alike
・Cambridge English Dictionary: able to experience feelings: It is hard for a sentient person to understand how any parents could treat their child so badly.
日本語の感情に近い意味でしょうか？
Wikipediaには次の説明があります。（抜粋）
In modern Western philosophy, sentience is the ability to experience sensations (known in philosophy of mind as "qualia"). In Eastern philosophy, sentience is a metaphysical quality of all things that require respect and care.
...
Sponges, placozoans, and mesozoans, with simple body plans and no nervous system, are the only members of the animal kingdom that possess no sentience.
...
In 1997 the concept of animal sentience was written into the basic law of the European Union. The legally binding protocol annexed to the Treaty of Amsterdam recognises that animals are "sentient beings", and requires the EU and its member states to "pay full regard to the welfare requirements of animals".
The laws of several states include certain invertebrates such as cephalopods (octopuses, squids) and decapod crustaceans (lobsters, crabs) in the scope of animal protection laws, implying that these animals are also judged capable of experiencing pain and suffering.
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