普段は図書館から借りている本を読んでいるのですが、本を借りるタイミングによって空きが出るので、その時に読む本としてCHICKEN SOUP FOR THE SOULを買って読み始めましたが、ほんの数十ページ読んだだけで、外出先のどこかで忘れ置きし失くしてしまいました。同じ本を買うのはしゃくにさわるので今度はUnderstanding Psychology by Nicky Hayesを買って読むことにしました。心理学を勉強した事はありませんが、興味の湧く学問です。
まだ序章を読んだだけですが、覚えたい表現がありました。
Understanding everything about one level of explanation couldn't give us the whole answer, because each level of explanation is more than just the sum of the lower level. Sometimes, for instance, you hear people claiming that once we know about all the different nerve cells in the brain, then we will know all there is to know about how the brain works. But this isn't true, because there are often entirely new properties which emerge when the different parts are combined into a whole system. And these emergent properties can make all the difference.
部分が集まってシステムができた時にシステムの性質に部分の性質の集合とは別の性質が現れることがあり、"emergent properties" はその新しく生まれた性質の事を指している様です。上に引用した段落のタイトルが "emergent properties" となっているので、この言葉は一種の専門用語の様なのでEncyclopediaを見ると次ぎのような説明がありました。
・Wikipedia: An emergent behavior or emergent property can appear when a number of simple entities (agents) operate in an environment, forming more complex behaviors as a collective. If emergence happens over disparate size scales, then the reason is usually a causal relation across different scales. In other words there is often a form of top-down feedback in systems with emergent properties.
・The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: We might roughly characterize the shared meaning thus: emergent entities (properties or substances) ‘arise’ out of more fundamental entities and yet are ‘novel’ or ‘irreducible’ with respect to them. (For example, it is sometimes said that consciousness is an emergent property of the brain.)
まだ序章を読んだだけですが、覚えたい表現がありました。
Understanding everything about one level of explanation couldn't give us the whole answer, because each level of explanation is more than just the sum of the lower level. Sometimes, for instance, you hear people claiming that once we know about all the different nerve cells in the brain, then we will know all there is to know about how the brain works. But this isn't true, because there are often entirely new properties which emerge when the different parts are combined into a whole system. And these emergent properties can make all the difference.
部分が集まってシステムができた時にシステムの性質に部分の性質の集合とは別の性質が現れることがあり、"emergent properties" はその新しく生まれた性質の事を指している様です。上に引用した段落のタイトルが "emergent properties" となっているので、この言葉は一種の専門用語の様なのでEncyclopediaを見ると次ぎのような説明がありました。
・Wikipedia: An emergent behavior or emergent property can appear when a number of simple entities (agents) operate in an environment, forming more complex behaviors as a collective. If emergence happens over disparate size scales, then the reason is usually a causal relation across different scales. In other words there is often a form of top-down feedback in systems with emergent properties.
・The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: We might roughly characterize the shared meaning thus: emergent entities (properties or substances) ‘arise’ out of more fundamental entities and yet are ‘novel’ or ‘irreducible’ with respect to them. (For example, it is sometimes said that consciousness is an emergent property of the brain.)
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