Impulseを読んでいます。
Free Will Is a Grand Illusionの項からの引用です。
There is no 'me' in 'my'. Cartesian dualism has been laid to rest. 'Minds,' in the words of Marvin Minsky, 'are what brains do.'
...
'Most scientists claim to be materialists. That is, they don't believe that mind is separate from body, and firmly reject Cartesian dualism.
"Cartesian dualism" の "dualism" の意味は二元性あるいは二重性、ここでは心と身体を指していることは分かりますが、"Cartesian" は聞き慣れない名前なので辞書を見ます。 Wikipedia
Cartesian means of or relating to the French philosopher Rene Descartes--from his Latinized name Cartesius.
...
This philosophy states that the mental can exist outside of the body, and the body cannot think.
デカルトならかの有名な哲学者ですね。これでImpulseを読み終えました。
Reader's Digest 5月号の記事 Life in these United States からの引用です。
I texted my husband to tell him that I'd be out of touch for a bit since I planned to color my hair. Thanks to autocorrect, here's what he read: "After I finish my cup of coffee, I am going to die. You may not be able to reach me while I'm in the midst of that."
私もMS Word使っていると、この "autocorrect" のお節介な機能のお陰で苦労することがあります。
I texted my husband to tell him that I'd be out of touch for a bit since I planned to color my hair. Thanks to autocorrect, here's what he read: "After I finish my cup of coffee, I am going to die. You may not be able to reach me while I'm in the midst of that."
私もMS Word使っていると、この "autocorrect" のお節介な機能のお陰で苦労することがあります。
Impulse by Dr David Lewisを読んでいます。
Perhaps my wife won't like London; then the sentence is banishment and degradation into indolent idle fool. Having completed this very methodical, System R, 'cost-benefit' analysis he was left in no doubt as to his next move. Beneath the first column he wrote in a firm hand: 'Marry - Marry - Marry Q.E.D.' The following year he proposed to his cousin Emma Wedgwood.
"Q.E.D." とは何の意味でしょう？
・Cambridge English Dictionary: abbreviation for the Latin phrase "quod erat demonstrandum": written or said after an argument to show that you have proved something that you wanted to prove
・Wikipedia: Q.E.D. (also written QED) is an initialism of the Latin phrase quod erat demonstrandum, meaning "what was to be demonstrated", or, less formally, "thus it has been demonstrated". The phrase is traditionally placed in its abbreviated form at the end of a mathematical proof or philosophical argument when the original proposition has been exactly restated as the conclusion of the demonstration. The abbreviation thus signals the completion of the proof.
証明の最後の加える略語の様で、ダーウィンなら使いそうですが、上記の引用文で 'Marry' の後に付ける意味が今一つピンときません。更に他の辞書を見ましたが、次の辞書の説明が納得できるものでした。
・Macmillan Dictionary:
a) used for saying that a particular fact proves that what you have said is true
b) Ways of emphasizing that something is true or exact: actually, certainly, clearly...
本気だという事を強調するために使ったと解するのが正解の様です。 Q.E.D.。
Perhaps my wife won't like London; then the sentence is banishment and degradation into indolent idle fool. Having completed this very methodical, System R, 'cost-benefit' analysis he was left in no doubt as to his next move. Beneath the first column he wrote in a firm hand: 'Marry - Marry - Marry Q.E.D.' The following year he proposed to his cousin Emma Wedgwood.
"Q.E.D." とは何の意味でしょう？
・Cambridge English Dictionary: abbreviation for the Latin phrase "quod erat demonstrandum": written or said after an argument to show that you have proved something that you wanted to prove
・Wikipedia: Q.E.D. (also written QED) is an initialism of the Latin phrase quod erat demonstrandum, meaning "what was to be demonstrated", or, less formally, "thus it has been demonstrated". The phrase is traditionally placed in its abbreviated form at the end of a mathematical proof or philosophical argument when the original proposition has been exactly restated as the conclusion of the demonstration. The abbreviation thus signals the completion of the proof.
証明の最後の加える略語の様で、ダーウィンなら使いそうですが、上記の引用文で 'Marry' の後に付ける意味が今一つピンときません。更に他の辞書を見ましたが、次の辞書の説明が納得できるものでした。
・Macmillan Dictionary:
a) used for saying that a particular fact proves that what you have said is true
b) Ways of emphasizing that something is true or exact: actually, certainly, clearly...
本気だという事を強調するために使ったと解するのが正解の様です。 Q.E.D.。
Impulse by Dr David Lewisを読んでいます。
You have been given tips on three horses running in different races. As the information comes from a good friend who is also an experienced trainer, you decide to bed ￡100 on the first horse which romps home at odds of ten to one. With the remaining horses yet to run, would you be most likely to decide:
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"romp home" は知っている単語 "romper" (as in romper room から、ゴールに走り込む意味を連想しますがどうでしょう？ 辞書を見ます。
・Collins Dictionary: to win a race easily: Likewise, I have five of the best on another called Standfast, who the tipsters say will romp home first in the third race at Newbury.
・Cambridge English Dictionary: to win easily: She is riding the fastest horse and is certain to romp home.
楽勝ですね。
You have been given tips on three horses running in different races. As the information comes from a good friend who is also an experienced trainer, you decide to bed ￡100 on the first horse which romps home at odds of ten to one. With the remaining horses yet to run, would you be most likely to decide:
...
"romp home" は知っている単語 "romper" (as in romper room から、ゴールに走り込む意味を連想しますがどうでしょう？ 辞書を見ます。
・Collins Dictionary: to win a race easily: Likewise, I have five of the best on another called Standfast, who the tipsters say will romp home first in the third race at Newbury.
・Cambridge English Dictionary: to win easily: She is riding the fastest horse and is certain to romp home.
楽勝ですね。
Impulse by Dr David Lewisを読んでいます。
Discover your own risk ratio
To calculate your 2D:4D ratio all you have to do is to measure the second and fourth digits of your dominant hand (i.e. right hand if right-handed) as shown in figure 1.
"right-handed" とか "southpaw" と言う英語しか知りませんでしたが、上の引用文に出てきた "dominant hand" は文脈から利き手の意味であることは容易に推測できます。辞書で確かめようとしましたが、OneLookの検索では百科事典のWikipediaが "dominant hand" の検索で次の "Handedness" の説明箇所のみを示していました。
Handedness is a better (faster or more precise) performance or individual preference for use of a hand, known as the dominant hand; the less capable or less preferred hand is called the nondominant hand. Handedness is not a discrete variable (right or left), but a continuous one that can be expressed at levels between strong left and strong right.
なるほど、"dominant hand" とも言うが一般的には "handedness" が普通に使われるのですね。 "handedness" ならどの辞書にも説明があります。
・Oxford English Dictionary: The tendency to use either the right or the left hand more naturally than the other.: injury has forced him to change his handedness
・Collins Dictionary: ability in using one hand more skillfully than, and in preference to, the other: He even believes that the census should contain a question on handedness.
ここで気になりました、"handedness" だと手についてなので、足については "B>footedness" と言うのかなと？ 辞書で確認します。
・Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary: the dominance of one foot over the other: ambidexterity and mixture of eyedness, handedness, and footedness
・Free Dictionary: the property of favoring one foot over the other (as in kicking a ball)
Discover your own risk ratio
To calculate your 2D:4D ratio all you have to do is to measure the second and fourth digits of your dominant hand (i.e. right hand if right-handed) as shown in figure 1.
"right-handed" とか "southpaw" と言う英語しか知りませんでしたが、上の引用文に出てきた "dominant hand" は文脈から利き手の意味であることは容易に推測できます。辞書で確かめようとしましたが、OneLookの検索では百科事典のWikipediaが "dominant hand" の検索で次の "Handedness" の説明箇所のみを示していました。
Handedness is a better (faster or more precise) performance or individual preference for use of a hand, known as the dominant hand; the less capable or less preferred hand is called the nondominant hand. Handedness is not a discrete variable (right or left), but a continuous one that can be expressed at levels between strong left and strong right.
なるほど、"dominant hand" とも言うが一般的には "handedness" が普通に使われるのですね。 "handedness" ならどの辞書にも説明があります。
・Oxford English Dictionary: The tendency to use either the right or the left hand more naturally than the other.: injury has forced him to change his handedness
・Collins Dictionary: ability in using one hand more skillfully than, and in preference to, the other: He even believes that the census should contain a question on handedness.
ここで気になりました、"handedness" だと手についてなので、足については "B>footedness" と言うのかなと？ 辞書で確認します。
・Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary: the dominance of one foot over the other: ambidexterity and mixture of eyedness, handedness, and footedness
・Free Dictionary: the property of favoring one foot over the other (as in kicking a ball)
Impulse by Dr David Lewisを読んでいます。
One case which illustrates this condition involves a 35-year-old man who underwent surgery to remove a brain tumour that entailed the removal of large portion of his frontal cortex. This resluted in profound personality changes. The man's marriage, previously happy and stable - he had fathered two well-adjusted children - ended in divorce.
"father" は名詞しかないと思っていましたが、動詞にもなるのですね。辞書で確認します。.
・Oxford English Dictionary: Be the father of: he fathered three children
・Collins Dictionary: When a man fathers a child, he makes a woman pregnant and their child is born.: She claims Mark fathered her child.
すると、"mother" にも動詞用法があるに違いない。
・Oxford English Dictionary: 1) (often as noun mothering) Bring up (a child) with care and affection.: 'the art of mothering’2) Look after kindly and protectively, sometimes excessively so.: While she was never married and had no children of her own, she mothered a great many.
Impulse by Dr David Lewisを読んでいます。
In some branches of science 'impulse' has an unambiguous meaning.
...
'Impulses,' he wrote, '[are] ephemeral thoughts usually tied to forceful urges.' Many of the definitions offered by later psychologists were equally woolly and, on occasions, mutually contradictory.
上の引用文に出てきた "woolly" は語感からしてフワフワしてしっかりとしていない意味の様ですが、辞書で確認します。
・Oxford English Dictionary: Vague or confused in expression or character.: woolly thinking
・Collins Dictionary: If you describe a person or their ideas as woolly, you are criticizing them for being confused or vague.: ...a weak and woolly Government
・Cambridge English Dictionary: Woolly ideas and thinking are confused and not clear, and have not been considered carefully enough: It's the woolly thinking behind the book that I find so infuriating.
Reader's Digest 4月号のLaughter The Best Medicneからの引用です。
The world's worst actor is performing Hamlet. He's so awful that during the "To be or not to be" speech, the audience boos and throws things. Finally, the actor has enough. He steps to the edge of the stage and says, "Look, folks, I didn't write this junk."
大根役者にはシェークスピアの台詞は無理ですね。
大根役者用の台詞なら：
"To Beer or Not To Beer, that is a question!"
Reader's Digest 4月号の記事 'A Day's Work' からの抜粋です。
After retiring, I took up substitute teaching. One day, I asked my fourth graders to guess my favorite sport. It happens to be pickleball, which might explain why they weren't having any luck. So I offered this hint: "It starts with the letter p." They threw out pool, poker, ping-pong--none of them correct. Then one boy insisted he had the answer: "Pole dancing.
Note 1: Pickleball is a racquet sport that combines elements of badminton, tennis, and table tennis. Two, three, or four players use solid paddles made of wood or composite materials to hit a perforated polymer ball, similar to a wiffle ball, over a net. (from Wikipedia)
Note 2: pole dancing: Erotic dancing which involves swinging around a fixed pole.: The bar is only allowed to host topless dancing, not naked dancing or pole dancing. (from Oxford English Dictionary)
Impulse by Dr David Lewisを読んでいます。
In time I was accepted into medical school and started working to achieve my lifetime's ambition. Eighteen months into my medical studies, wandering aimlessly around that second-hand bookshops, I chanced upon a copy of People I Have Shot by James Jarche, one of Fleet Street's earliest press photographers. Jarche's life story fascinated me and rekindled my interest in photography. I spent half the night reading it and, the following morning, hunched over a formaldehyde-soaked limb in the dissecting room, decided on an impulse to give up medicine and study photography instead.
文脈からして "formaldehyde-soaked" はホルマリン漬けのことだと思いますが、 "formaldehyde" も昔高校生の頃に化学の時間で見聞きした覚えがあります。しかし、それは私にとって50年以上も前のことなので "formaldehyde" とホルマリンがどんな関係か思い出せません。まず辞書で "formaldehyde" を調べます。
・Oxford English Dictionary: A colorless pungent gas in solution made by oxidizing methanol.: Formalin, a solution of formaldehyde, is also used in tanning leather and preserving corpses.
・Collins Dictionary: Formaldehyde is a strong-smelling gas, used especially to preserve parts of animals or plants for biological study.: The 46-year-old is famous for exhibiting animals in formaldehyde and skull sculptures.
なるほど、"formalin" は "formaldehyde" の水溶液でした。
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